आलम आरा
alam ara
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| nirdeshak | ardeshir eerani |
| nirmata | ianpiriyal mooviton |
| lekhak | josaf devid |
| kalakar | mastar vitthal, zubeda, vazir mohammad khan, prithviraj kapoor |
| prasiddh charitr | alam ara |
| sangit | firozashah em mistri aur bi. eerani |
| gayak | firozashah em. mistri, alakananda |
| prasiddh git | "de de khuda ke nam pe pyare, taqat ho agar dene ki", "balama kahian hoange" |
| sanpadan | izara mir |
| pradarshan tithi | 14 march 1931 |
| avadhi | 2 ghante 4 minat |
| bhasha | hindi, urdoo |
| bajat | chalis hazar rupe (40,000 rupaye) |
| any janakari | yah bharat ki pahali bolati film thi jisane mook filmoan ke daur ka samapan kiya. dada sahab phalke ki film 'raja harishchandr' ke 18 varsh bad ane vali film 'alam ara' ne hit filmoan ke lie ek mapadand sthapit kiya, kyoanki yah bharatiy sinema mean is sandarbh mean pahala qadam tha. |
alam ara (aangrezi: Alam Ara) bharat ki pahali bolati film hai jisaka nirdeshan 'ardeshir eerani' ne kiya tha. alam ara ka pradarshan varsh 1931 mean hua tha. hindi filmoan mean charitr abhineta ke taur par apani alag jagah banane vale varishth abhineta e. ke. hangal ne ek samachar ejeansi se kaha tha, "aj ki tulana mean us film ki avaz aur editiang bahut kharab thi lekin phir bhi us zamane mean ham log is film ko dekh kar dang rah ge the."[1]
kathavastu
thumb|left|200px|alam ara ka ek drishy
Scene from Alam Ara
alam ara ka pradarshan (rilij) 14 march 1931 ko hua. isaka nirdeshan kiya tha ardeshir eerani ne, film ke nayak ki bhoomika nibhaee mastar vitthal ne aur nayika thian zubaida. film mean prithviraj kapoor ki bhi ek mahattvapoorn bhoomika thi. rajakumar aur banjarin ki prem kahani par adharit yah film ek parasi natak se prerit thi. alam ara mean kam karane ke lie mastar vitthal ne sharada stoodiyoj ke sath apana qarar bhi to d diya tha. stoodiyo ne bad mean abhineta ko adalat mean bhi ghasita aur jis shakhs ne mastar vitthal ki pairokari ki vo koee aur nahian khud muhammad ali jinna the.[2] vazir mohammad khan ne is film mean faqir ki bhoomika ki thi. film mean ek raja aur usaki do jhag daloo patniyaan dilabahar aur navabahar hai. donoan ke bich jhag da tab aur badh jata hai jab ek fakir bhavishyavani karata hai ki raja ke uttaradhikari ko navabahar janm degi. gussaee dilabahar badala lene ke lie rajy ke pramukh mantri adil se pyar ki guhar karati hai par adil usake is prastav ko thukara deta hai. gusse mean akar dilabahar adil ko karagar mean dalava deti hai aur usaki beti alam ara ko deshanikala de deti hai. alam ara ko banjare palate haian. yuva hone par alam ara mahal mean vapas lautati hai aur rajakumar se pyar karane lagati hai. aant mean dilabahar ko usake kie ki saza milati hai, rajakumar aur alamara ki shadi hoti hai aur adil ki rihaee.
mukhy kalakar
- mastar vitthal- rajakumar
- zubeda- alam ara
- vazir mohammad khan- phaqir
- prithviraj kapoor
nirman
pahali savak film hone ke karan samane ane vali tamam samasyaoan ke bavajood ardeshir eerani ne sadhe das hazar fit lanbi is film ka nirman char mahine mean hi poora kiya. is par kul milakar chalis hazar rupe ki lagat aee thi. akhirakar 14 march 1931 ko ise maijestik sinema mean pradarshit kiya gaya, to vah din sine itihas ka ek sunahara panna ban gaya. yah bharat ki pahali bolati film thi jisane mook filmoan ke daur ki samapti ka elan kiya tha. dada saheb phalake ki film 'raja harishchandr' ke 18 varsh bad ane vali film 'alam ara' ne hit filmoan ke lie ek mapadand sthapit kiya, kyoanki yah bharatiy sinema mean is sandarbh mean pahala qadam tha.
nirmata
thumb|ardeshir eerani rik aaurdiang karate hue savak filmoan ka shriganesh ardeshir eerani ne 1930-31 mean pratham bolati film ‘alam ara’ banakar kiya. pune mean janme khan bahadur ardeshir em. eerani adhyapak se mitti tel ianspektar, phir pulis ianspektar ki naukari ke bad sangit n fotagraphi upakaran ke vikreta bane. chhatr-jivan se hi photographi ke prati divanagi ne unhean sinema ki taraph prerit kiya. pahale ve h aaulivud ki prakhyat nirman sanstha ‘yoonivarsal pikchars’ ke bharat mean (muanbee) pratinidhi bane, phir muanbee mean hi maijestik sinemaghar ka nirman kiya aur elaikjaiandar sinemaghar mean bhagidari bhi ki. 1926 mean unhoanne ianpiriyal sinema ki sthapana ki aur is bainar ke aantargat pratham savak film mean ganoan ka bhi filmaankan kiya. 1939 mean unhoanne jyoti stoodiyo ka nirman kiya jahaan 20vian shati tak filmoan ki shootiang hoti rahi.[3]
git-sangit
isaka sangit firozashah mistri ne diya tha. isamean avaz dene ke lie us samay taran dhvani takanik ka istemal kiya gaya tha. is film ke gitoan ke bare mean kaha jata hai ki unaki dhunoan ka chunav eerani ne kiya tha. gitoan ke chunav ke bad samasya rahi hogi unake filmaankan ki. usaka koee adarsh eerani ke samane nahian tha aur na hi boom jaisa koee dhvani upakaran tha. sare gane "tainar siangal sistam" kaimare ki madad se sidhe film par hi rik aaurd hone the aur yah kam kafi mushkil tha. jara si khaansi a jae ya uchcharan mean koee kami a jae to poora gana ne sire se karo.
yah bat hairat ki hai ki pahali savak film mean sangitakar, gitakar ya gayakoan ke namoan ka ullekh nahian hai. is bat ke sakshy maujood haian ki alam ara poore eshiya mean mashahoor huee. akele muanbee ke maijestik sinema mean yah lagatar ath hafte tak chali thi. logoan ne sirf gane sunane ke lie is film ko dekha. durbhagy se is film ke gane rik aaurd nahian kie ja sake. batate haian ki film mean kul sat gane the. jinamean se ek faqir ki bhoomika karane vale abhineta vazir muhammad khan ne gaya tha. usake bol the- "de de khuda ke nam par pyare, taqat hai gar dene ki." ek aur gane ke bare mean el vi prasad ne apane sansmaran mean likha hai- vah git sitara ki bahan alakananda ne gaya tha- balama kahian hoange. baqi paanch ganoan ke bol kya the aur kisane gaya, pata nahian. film ke sangit mean keval tin sazoan ka istemal kiya gaya tha- tabala, haramoniyam aur vayalin.
thumb|left|film ke ek drishy mean mastar vitthal aur zubaida
'alam ara' ke lie amerika se tainar sauand sistam ayat kiya gaya. usake sath upakaran ka prashikshan dene ke lie vilaphord demiang nam ke sauand ianjiniyar ae the. ardeshir aur unake sahayogi rustam bh doocha ne unase ek mahine mean hi barikiyaan sikhian aur poori film ki rik aaurdiang khud ki.[4]
parshv sangit
hindi-urdoo bhasha mean bani is film ke pradarshan ke sath hi shuroo hua bharatiy film jagat mean parshv gayiki aur parshv sangit ka ek aisa daur jo aj tak bharatiy film ki jan aur aantararashtriy star par usaki pahachan bana hua hai.
prasiddh git
isaka git "de de khuda ke nam pe pyare, taqat ho agar dene ki, kuchh chahe agar to maang le mujhase himmat ho agar lene ki", bharatiy film jagath ka pahala git tha aur aj bhi desh bhar mean gaanvoan, shaharoan se lekar mandiroan aur rel ga diyoan mean bhikh maangane vale bhikhariyoan ka yah pasandida git hai. is git ko haramoniyam aur tabale par taiyar kiya gaya tha.
patakatha aur sanvad
yah josaf devid dvara likhit ek parasi natak par adharit hai. josaf devid ne bad mean eerani ki film kampani mean lekhak ka kam kiya. film ki kahani ek kalpanik, aitihasik kumarapur nagar ke shahi parivar par adharit hai.
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"aj ki tulana mean us film ki avaz aur editiang bahut kharab thi lekin phir bhi us zamane mean ham log is film ko dekh kar dang rah ge the."
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kathinaeeyaan
film alam ara ke nirmata aur nirdeshak ardeshir eerani ne is film ke banane mean aee kathinaeeyoan ka ullekh karate hue ek bar kaha tha ki us zamane mean koee sauand-proof stej nahian tha. unhoanne kaha hamara stoodiyo ek relave laeen ke pas tha is lie adhikatar shootiang rat mean karani p di thi, jab rel ki ava-jahi kam hoti thi. tab unake pas ek hi rikardiang upakaran 'tanar rik aaurdiang sistam' (tanar siangal sistam) tha jisase is film ki rikardiang ki gee thi. unake pas koee boom maik bhi nahian tha, isalie maikrofon ko kaimare ke reanj se alag ajib-ajib jagah chhupa kar rakha gaya tha. in sari kathinaeeyoan ke bich bani alam ara ne ane vale zamane ke lie ek ne yug ka dvar khol diya aur phir bharatiy sinema ne kabhi pichhe mu d kar nahian dekha.[1]
thumb|alam ara sinema tikat
Alam Ara Talkies Ticket
qamayabi
'alam ara' ki kamayabi ko dekhate hue tisare hi saptah mean urdoo film 'shiri-farahad' aee. is film mean alam ara ke muqabale tin guna git the jo jahaanara kajjan aur mastar nisar ki avazoan mean gae ge the. isake bad aur bhi bhashaoan mean bolati filmean aeean. 1931 mean hi bangali film 'jamaee shashthi', tamil mean 'kalidas' aur telugu mean 'bhakt prahlad' pradarshit huee. poona sthit rashtriy film sangrahalay ke ek adhikari ke anusar alam ara ke bad se abhi tak 30 se 35 hazar bolati filmean ban chuki haian.[1]
alam ara ki dastaan
parasi thietar ke mashahoor lekhak josef devid ka natak alam ara rangamanch par kafi lokapriy ho chuka tha. isalie ameriki nirmata yoonivarsal ki film 'sho bot' dekhane ke bad jab ardeshir irani ke sir par poori tarah savak film banane ki dhun savar huee to barabas unaka dhyan is natak ki or gaya. unhean laga ki is rachana ko ek sanpoorn bolati film mean rupaantarit karane ki sanbhavana hai. halaanki us samay manch prastutiyoan ke aansh filmaankit karane ki shuruat ho chuki thi. isalie yah svabhavik hota ki ardeshir bhi alam ara ki naty prastuti ka filmaankan kar dete. lekin unhoanne aisa nahian kiya.[4]
kalatmakata aur takaniki gunavatta
'alam ara' mean kalatmakata aur takaniki gunavatta adhik nahian thi, lekin pahali savak film hone ke karan usake mahattv ko kisi tarah kam karake nahian aanka ja sakata. 'd baanbe kronikal' ke 2 aprail 1931 ke aank mean 'alam ara' ko lekar kuchh aise hi vichar vyakt kie ge the. kisi khas vyaktigat bharatiy film ke doshoan par bat karane ka matalab zyadatar mamaloan mean aise doshoan par bat karana hai jo sabhi film mean saman roop se pae jate haian. in doshoan se alam ara bhi poori tarah mukt nahian hai. lekin ek saangopaang kahani par film banane mean dhvani ka apekshit utar-chadhav aur vaividhy maujood hai. isane dikha diya ki yathochit sanyam aur ganbhir nirdeshan ho to vitthal, prithviraj aur zubeda sarikhe kalakar apani prabhavashali abhinay kshamata aur vani se aise natakiy prabhav paida kar sakate haian, jinaki mook chitrapat par kalpana bhi nahian ki ja sakati.
punarnirman
ardeshir eerani ke sajhidar abdul ali yoosuf ali ne film ke primiyar ki charcha karate hue likha tha- 'zara aandaja lagaie, hamean kitani hairat huee hogi yah dekhakar ki film pradarshit hone ke din subah savere se hi maijestik sinema ke pas beshumar bhi d jutana shuroo ho gee thi aur halat yahaan tak pahuanche ki hamean khud ko bhi thietar mean dakhil hone ke lie kafi mashakkat karani p di. us zamane ke darshak qatar mean lagana nahian janate the aur dhakkam-dhakka karati belagam bhi d ne tikat khi daki par sahi mayanoan mean dhava bol diya tha. har koee chah raha tha ki jis zaban ko ve samajhate haian usamean bolane vali film dekhane ka tikat kisi tarah hathiya liya jae. charoan taraph yatayat thap ho gaya tha aur bhi d ko kaboo karane ke lie pulis ki madad leni p di thi. bad mean nanoo bhaee vakil ne 1956 aur 1973 mean, do bar is film ka punarnirman kiya.
alam ara itihas mean dafan
bharat mean bani pahali bolati film 'alam ara' ki avaz ab kahian sunaee nahian degi. chennee mean kshetriy sinema par ayojit ek seminar mean soochana v prasaran mantralay ke sanyukt sachiv vi. bi. pyarelal ne kaha ki 1931 mean bani alam ara ke sabhi priant nasht ho chuke haian. ianpiriyal moovi kanpani dvara banaee gee yah film desh bhar ke sinema gharoan mean 14 march 1931 ko pradarshit ki gee thi. isaki lanbaee 2 ghante 4 minat ki thi. desh mean kahian bhi ab is film ka koee priant nahian bacha hai. alam ara ke priant rashtriy abhilekhagar sahit kahian bhi maujood nahian haian. rashtriy abhilekhagar mean ab keval is film se ju de photograph aur kuchh midiya chitr hi maujood haian.[5]magar afasos hiandustan ki pahali bolati film ab hamesha ke lie khamosh ho chuki hai. alam ara ka akela priant 2003 mean pune ke neshanal film arkaiv mean lagi ag mean bhasm ho gaya.[2]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 bharatiy filmoan ki avaz ke 75 baras (hindi) (ech.ti.em.el) bi bi si hindi d aaut k aaum. abhigaman tithi: 27 agast, 2010.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 bharat ki pahali bolati film alamara (hindi) aee bi en khabar. abhigaman tithi: 27 agast, 2010.
- ↑ prastut haian pustak ke kuchh aansh (hindi) bharatiy sahity sangrah. abhigaman tithi: 27 agast, 2010.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 dastan-e-alam ara (hindi) (ech.ti.em.el) nee dilli film sosayati. abhigaman tithi: 27 agast, 2010.
- ↑ alam ara itihas mean dafan (hindi) hindi midiya d aaut in. abhigaman tithi: 27 agast, 2010.
bahari k diyaan
- alam ara ke bare mean dekhean (yoo-tyoob vidiyo)
- bharat ki pahali 'bolati philm' ko googal ka salam
- bharatiy sinema ki nianv bani pahali bolati philm alamara
sanbandhit lekh