महाराष्ट्र का इतिहास

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is lekh ka punarikshan evan sampadan hona avashyak hai. ap isamean sahayata kar sakate haian. "sujhav"

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[[chitr:Temple-Ambernath.jpg|thumb|250px|mandir, aanbaranath]] prachin 16 mahajanapadoan mean ashmak ya assak ka sthan adhunik ahamadanagar ke asapas ka mana jata hai . samrat ashok ke shilalekh bhi muanbee ke nikat pae ge haian . maharashtr ke pahale prasiddh shasak satavahan (ee.poo. 230 se 225 ee.) the jo maharashtr rajy ke sansh‍thapak the. unh‍hoanne apane pichhe bahut se sahityik, kalath‍mak tatha puratatvik praman chho de haian. unake shasanakal mean manav jivan ke har kshetr mean bharapoor pragati huee.

isake bad vakatak ae, jinh‍hoanne bharatiy samrajh‍y ki sh‍thapana ki. unake shasanakal mean maharashh‍tr mean shiksha, kala tatha dharm sabhi dishaoan mean atyadhik vikas hua. unake shasan ke dauran hi 'ajanta ki guphaoan' mean uchh‍ch koti ke bhittichitr banae ge. vakatako ke bad kuchh samay ke lie 'kalachuri vansh' ne shasan kiya aur phir 'chalukh‍y' sath‍ta mean ae. isake bad tatavarti ilakoan mean 'shilaharoan' ke alava maharashh‍tr par 'rashh‍trakoot' tatha 'yadav' shasakoan ka niyantran raha. yadavoan ne marathi ko shasan ki bhasha banaya aur dakshin ke ek bade bhag par apana adhipath‍y sthapit kiya. alauddin khilaji pahala muslim shasak tha jisane apana rajy dakshin mean madurai tak phaila liya tha. usake bad muhammad bin tugalaq (1325) ne apani rajadhani dilli se hatakar daulatabad kar li . yah sthan pahale devagiri nam se prasiddh tha aur ahamadanagar ke pas hai . bahamani shasakoan ne maharashh‍tr tatha isaki sansh‍kriti ko samanvit kiya, par shivaji ke kushal netrith‍v mean maharashtr ka sarvaangin vikas hua aur yah ek alag pahachan ke sath ubharakar samane aya. shivaji ne sh‍varaj tatha rashh‍triyata ki ek nee bhavana paida ki. unaki prachand shakti ne mugaloan ko bharat ke is bhag mean age nahian badhane diya. peshavaoan ne dakshin ke pathar se lekar panjab par hamala bol kar marathaoan ka adhipath‍y sh‍thapit kiya.

bahamani saltanat ke tootane par yah pradesh golakunda ke shasan mean aya aur usake bad aurangajeb ka sankshipt shasan raha. isake bad marathoan ki shakti mean uttarottar vriddhi huee aur atharahavian sadi ke ant tak maratha poore maharashtr mean phail gaye the aur unaka samrajy dakshin mean karnatak ke dakshini sire tak ho gaya tha . 1820 tak ate ate aangrezoan ne peshavaoan ko hara diya tha aur yah pradesh bhi aangrezi samrajy ka aang ban gaya. sh‍vatantrata sangram mean maharashh‍tr sabase age tha. bharatiy rashtriy kaangres ka janh‍m bhi yahian hua. muanbee tatha maharashh‍tr ke anh‍y shaharoan ke anaginat netaoan ne pahale tilak aur bad mean mahath‍ma gaandhi ke margadarshan mean kaangres ke aandolan ko age badhaya. gaandhi ji ne bhi apane aandolan ka keandr maharashh‍tr ko banaya tha aur gaandhi yug mean rashh‍travadi desh ki rajadhani sevagram thi. [[chitr:Ajanta-Caves-1.jpg|thumb|ajanta ki gufaoan ka vishv prasiddh bhitti chitr]] maharashtr ki sthapana ke pachas sal poore ho gaye haian. maharashtr aur gujarat ka sthapana divas 1 mee ko manaya jata hai kabhi ye donoan rajy muanbee ka hissa the. jab muanbee rajy se maharashtr aur gujarat ke gathan ka prastav aya to tatkalin pradhanamantri javaharalal neharoo ne muanbee ko alag kendrashasit pradesh banane ki vakalat ki. unaka tark tha ki agar muanbee ko desh ki arthik rajadhani bane rahana hai to yah karana avashyak hai.

kiantu pandit neharoo ki nahian chali. desh ke pahale vittamantri aur vitt visheshajn chiantamani deshamukh ne isaka prakhar virodh kiya aur isi mudde par kendriy mantrimandal se istipha de diya. muanbee ko maharashtr mean rakhane ke lie aandolan chala jisamean kul 105 logoan ki ahuti huee lekin akhirakar muanbee maharashtr ka hua.

desh ko azadi ke b madhy bad bharat ke sabhi marathi bhashi sthanoan ka samikaran karake ek rajy banane ko lekar b da aandolan chala aur 1 mee, 1960 ko koankan, marathavada, pashchimi maharashtr, dakshin maharashtr, uttar maharashtr (khanadesh) tatha vidarbh, sabhi sanbhagoan ko jo d kar maharashtr rajy ki sthapana ki gee.

mumbee ka itihas

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machhuaroan ki mool janajati, koli yahaan ke arambhik jnat nivasi the, halaanki vrihad mumbee ke kandivali mean pae ge purapashan kal ke patthar ke auzar yahaan pashan kal ke dauran manav basti ki or sanket karate haian. prachin yoonani khagolashastri v bhoogolavijnani talemi ke samay mean yah kshetr heptenishiya ke roop mean jana jata tha aur yah 1000 varsh ee. poo. mean faras v misr ke sath samudri vyapar ka pramukh kendr tha. tisari shatabdi ee. poo. mean yah ashok ke samrajy ka hissa tha aur chhathi se athavian shatabdi mean yahaan chalukyoan ka shasan raha, jinhoanne apani chhap gharapuri (elifenta dvip) par chho di. malabar paint par bana vakeshvar mandir sambhavatah koankan tat ke shilahar pramukhoan ke shasan (9vian se 13vian shatabdi) ke dauran nirmit kiya gaya tha. dogiri ke yadavoan (1187-1318) ke samay mean is dvip (jo bambe dvip bana) par mahikavati (mahim) basti ki sthapana huee, jo 1924 mean hindustan ke khilaji vansh ke akramanoan ke javab mean banaee gee. inhian ke vanshaj vartaman mumbee mean pae jate haian aur bahut se sthanoan ke nam aj bhi usi yug se haian. 1348 mean akramanakari muslim senaoan ne is dvip ko jit liya aur yah gujarat rajy ka hissa ban gaya. mahim ko jitane ki purtagali koshish 1507 mean asaphal rahi, lekin 1534 mean gujarat ke shasak sultan bahadurashah ne yah dvip purtagaliyoan ko sauanp diya. 1661 mean kiang charls dvitiy v purtagal ke raja ki bahan kaitharin af braigeanza ke vivah ke bad yah british niyantran mean a gaya. raja ne ise 1668 mean eest iandiya kampani ko sattaantarit kar diya. shuruat mean kalakatta (vartaman kolakata) v madras (vartaman chennee) ki tulana mean banbee kampani ki bahut b di sampatti ne hokar keval pashchimi tat par kampani ki pair jamae rakhane mean sahayata karata tha.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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sanbandhit lekh

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