वैदिक धर्म

40px	panna banane ki prakriya mean hai. ap isako taiyar karane mean sahayata kar sakate haian.

vaidik dharm karm par adharit tha.vaidik dharm poornatah pratimargi haian. vaidik devataoan mean purush bhav ki pradhanata hai. adhikaansh devataoan ki aradhana manav ke roop mean ki jati thi kintu kuchh devataoan ki aradhana pashu ke rup mean ki jati thi. 'aj ekapad' aur 'ahitarbudhny' donoan devataoan parikalpana pashu ke roop mean ki gee hai. marutoan ki mata ki parikalpana 'chitakabari gay' ke roop mean ki gee hai. indr ki gay khojane vala 'sarama' (kutiya) shvan ke roop mean hai. isake atirikt indr ki kalpana 'vrishabh' (bail) ke roop mean evan soory ki 'ashv' ke roop mean ki gee hai. rrigved mean pashuoan ke pooja prachalan nahian tha. rrigvaidik devataoan mean kisi prakar ka uanch-nich ka bhedabhav nahian tha. vaidik rrishiyoan ne sabhi devataoan ki mahima gaee hai. rrigvaidik logoan ne prakritik shaktiyoan ka 'manavikaran' kiya hai. is samay 'bahudevavad' ka prachalan tha. rrigvaidik aryo ki devamandali tin bhagoan kean vibhajit thi.

1. akash ke devata - soory, dyaus, varun, mitr, pooshan, vishnu, usha, apaannapat, savita, trip, vianvasvat, adiantyagag, ashvinadvay adi.
2. antariksh ke devata - indr, marut, rudr, vayu, parjany, matarishvanh, triprapty, aj ekapad, ap, ahirbughny.
3. prithvi ke devata- agni, som, prithvi, brihaspati, tatha nadiyaan.

is dev samooh mean sarvapradhan devata kaun tha, yah nirdharit karana kathin hai. rrigvaidik rrishiyoan ne jis samay jis devata ki stuti ki use hi sarvochch manakar usamean sampoorn gunoan ka aropan kar diya. maiksamoolar ne is pravriti ki 'hinathijm' kaha hai. sooktoan ki sankhya ki drishti yah manana nyayasangat hoga ki inaka sarvapradhan devata indr tha.

indr

1. REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

• rrigved mean antariksh sthaniy 'indr' ka varnan sarvadhik pratapi devata ke roop mean kiya gaya hai.
• rrigved ke karib 250 sooktoan mean inaka varnan hai.
• indr ko varsha ka devata mana jata tha. unhone vriksh rakshas ko mara tha isilie unhe 'vritrahan' kaha jata hai.
• anek kiloan ko nasht kar diya tha, is roop mean ve 'purandar' kahe jate haian.
• indr ne vritr ki hatya karake jal ka mukt karate haian isalie unhe 'purmid' kaha gaya.
• indr ke lie ek visheshan 'ansujit' (pani ko jitane vala) bhi ata hai.
• indr ke pita 'dyoans' haian, 'agni' usaka yamaj bhaee hai aur 'marut' usaka sahayogi hai.
• vishnu ne vritr ke vadh mean indr ki sahayata ki thi.
• rrigved mean indr ko samast sansar ka svami bataya gaya hai. usaka priy ayuddh 'bajr' hai isalie unhe 'bajrabahoo' bhi kaha gaya hai.

agni

1. REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

• rrigved mean doosara mahatvapoorn devata 'agni' tha, jisaka kam tha manushy aur devata ke madhy madhyasth ki bhoomika nibhana.
• agni ke dvara hi devataoan ko ahutiyaan di jati thian.
• rrigved mean karib 200 sooktoan mean agni ka jikr kiya gaya hai.
• ve purohitoan ke bhi devata the.
• unaka mool nivas svarg hai, kintu matarishvan (devata) n use prithvi par laya.
• prithvi par yajn vedi mean agni ki sthapana bhriguoan evan aangirasoan ne ki. is kary ke karan unhe 'atharvan' kaha gaya hai.
• vah pratyek ghar mean prajvalit hoti thi is karan use pratyek ghar ka atithi mana gaya hai. isaki any upadhiyaan 'jatadevas' (char-achar ka jnat hone ke karan), 'bhuvanachakshu' (sarvadrashta hone ke karan), 'hiranyadant' (surahare daanv vala) atharvaved mean ise pratah kal uchit hone vala mitr aur saanyakal ko varun kaha gaya hai.

varun

1. REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

• tisara sthan 'varun' ka mana jata hai, jise samudr ka devata, vishv ke niyamak aur shasak saty ka pratik, rritu parivartan evan din-rat ka karta-dharta, akash, prithvi evan soory ka nirmata ke roop mean jana jata hai.
• eeran mean inhe 'ahuramajd' tatha yoonan mean 'yoorenas' ke nam se jana jata hai.
• varun devata rritu ke sanrakshak the isalie inhe 'rritasyagop' bhi kaha jata tha.
• varun ke sath mitr ka bhi ullekh hai in donoan ko milakar mitr varoon kahate haian. rrigved ke mitr aur varun ke sath ap ka bhi ullekh kiya gaya hai.
• 'ap' ka arth jal hota hai. rrigved ke mitr aur varun ka sahasr stambhoan vale bhavan mean nivas karane ka ullekh milata hai. mitr ke atirikt varun ke sath ap ka bhi ullekh milata hai.

• rrigved me varun ko vayu ka saans kaha gaya hai.
• varun dev lok mean sabhi sitaroan ka marg nirdharit karate haian.
• inhe asur bhi kaha jata haian. inaki stuti lagabhag 30 sooktiyoan mean ki gayi hai.
• devataoan ke tin vargo (prithvi sthan, vayu sthan aur akash sthan) mean varun ka sarvochch sthan hai.
• varun devata devataoan ke devata hai.
• rrigved ka 7 vaan mandal varun devata ko samarpit hai.
• dand ke roop mean logoan ko 'jalodar rog' se pi dit karate the.

dyau

'dyau' (akash) ko rrigvaidikakalin devoan mean sabase prachin mana jata hai. tatpashchat prithvi bhi donoan dyava-prithvi ke nam se jane jate the. akash ko sarvashreshth devata ke roop mean tatha som ko vanaspati devata ke roop mean mana jata tha.

som devata

rrigved ke navean mandal ke sabhi 144 sookt som devata ka samarpit hai. ye chandrama se sambandhit devata the. inaki tulana eeran mean hom devata tatha yoonan mean dianasis se ki gayi hai. 'oosha' ko pragati evan utthan ke devata ke roop mean, 'ashvin' vipattiyoan ko harane vale devata ke roop me ullekh kiya gaya hai.

ashvin

yah ek kalyanakari devata the. isaka svaroop yugal roop mean tha. yah pooshan ke pita aur oosha ke bhaee the. inhe nasaanty bhi kaha jata hai. ye chikitsa ke devata the. apang vyakti ko kritrim pair pradan karate the. durghatanagrastr nav ke yatriyoan ki raksha karate the. yuvatiyoan ke lie var ki talash karate the. 'pooshan' ko pashuoan ke devata ke roop me sanbodhit kiya gaya hai.

pooshan

yah bhi soory ke sambaddh devata the. pooshan ke rath ko bakare khichatean the.

vishnu

ye tin kadam ke devata the. inhe vishv ke sanrakshak aur palanakarta ke roop mean mana jata tha.

roodr

yah ugr devata tha. ugr roop mean roodr tatha mangalakari roop mean shiv tha. atharvaved mean ise 'bhoopati' nilodar, lohit prishth tatha nilakanth kaha gaya hai. use kritavas (khal dharan karane vala) bhi kaha gaya hai. aitarey brahman mean kaha gaya hai ki rudr ki utpatti sabhi devataoan ke ugr aansho se huee hai. yajurved ke shatarudriy prakaran mean ise pashupati, shambhoo, shankar, shiv kaha gaya hai. ye anaitik acharanoan se sambaddh mane jate the. ye chikitsa se sanrakshan the.

mitr

ye varun devata se sambandhit hai. yah shapath evan pratijna ke devata haian.

tvashdra

dhatuoan ke devata, ary-sandhi aur vivah ke devata,

vivastan

rrigved mean ise devataoan ke janak kaha jata gaya. rrigved mean oosha, aditi, soorya jaise deviyoan ka ullekh hai.

prithvi

yah devi thi. ise tin vargoane mean rakha gaya tha.

ap

apsaraoan ke rup mean devi thi. aditi prithvi ke vishal svaroop ka daivikaran thi.

aranyani

yah van devi thi. isaka pratham ullekh rrikh sanhitaoan mean milata hai.

isake atirikt any rrigvaidik deviyoan mean vakh, ila, sarasvati, mahi, purandhi, dhishana, nisha, indrani, kuhoo, prashni adi thi. rrigved mean kuchh any devata bhi the. jaise - vishvadev, aryaman, tatha 'rrit' ki sankalpana mean vishvas hai. rrith ek prakar ki naitik vyavastha thi jisase vishv mean suvyavastha tatha pratishtha sthapit hoti hai. 'varun' ko 'rrith' ka sanrakshak bataya gaya hai. rrith ka palan puny tha, usake palan n n karane par varun devata dvara dandit kiye jane ka ullekh milata hai.

is samay devoan ka pooja ki pradhan vidhi thi- stuti path karana evan yajn mean bali chadhana. bali ya yajnahuti mean jau evan shak ka prayog kiya jata tha. rrigved mean bahudevavad, ekatmavad ev ekeshvaravad ka ullekh milata hai. devataoan ki bahulata evan karmakaandoan ki jatilata se thakakar kuchh samay bad rrigvaidik logoan ne devataoan ki sankhya kam karane ke lie unaka sanyuktikaran karane lage. jaise dyava-prithvi, oosha-ratri, mitra-varun adi. yahi bhavana ekeshvaravad ki or agrasar huee. is samay mandir ya moorti pooja ka koee praman nahian mila hai. rrigved ke naradiy sookt mean nirmanu brahm ka varnan prapt hota hai.

vaidik dharm ki visheshatayean

• char ashramoan ka samaj tha,
• char ashramoan ka vyaktigat jivan tha,
• yam aur niyamoan ka palan kiya jata tha,
• yajn ki pradhanata thi, indr, varun, agni, som, soory, chandr, ashvin, usha, rudr, maroot, prithvi, samudr, sarasvati aur vagdevi ki upasana-ye vaidik dharm ke pramukh stanbh haian.
• dharm ko abhyuday aur ni:shreyas ka sadhan mana jata tha.
• vaidik dharm saanpradayik sankirnata se grast n hokar sarvabhaum dharm raha hai.
• kalaantar mean upanishad-kal mean yajn aur karmakaand mean kami a gee aur tap aur jnan ka mahatv badh gaya. phir bhi dharm, arth, kam aur moksh ko vaidik dharm mean sada jivan ka lakshy mana gaya.
• rrigvaidik ary punarjanm ko manate the, is kal mean dev pooja ke sath pitripooja ka bhi ullekh milata hai.
• rrigved mean kahi bhi yajn kary sampann karane ke lie ke manushy ki bali ka jikr nahian hai.
• rrigved ke naradiy sookt mean nirgun brahm ka varnan prapt hota hai svarg ki manoram kalpana milati hai. narak ki kalpana dushkirmiyoan ke lie dandasthan ke roop mean ki gayi hai.
• rrigvaidik rrishiyoan ka jivan ke prati drishtikon poornataya ashavadi tha.
• devataoan ki stuti ka uddeshy bhautik sukhoan ki prapti tha n ki moksh ki prapti.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh