नाशपाती

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is lekh ka punarikshan evan sampadan hona avashyak hai. ap isamean sahayata kar sakate haian. "sujhav"

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thumb|250px|nashapati

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nashapati ek lokipray phal hai. nashapati seb se ju da ek up-amliy phal hai. bharatavarsh mean paida hone vale thandhe jalavayu ke phaloan mean nashapati ka mahatv seb se adhik hai. yah har sal phal deti hai. isaki kuchh kismean maidani jalavayu mean bhi paida ki jati hai aur uttam phalan deti haian. nashapati ke phal khane mean kurakure, rasadar aur svadisht hote haian. ye seb ki apeksha sasti bikati haian. bharat mean nashapati yoorop aur eeran se aee aur dhire-dhire isaki kasht badhati gee. anuman kiya jata hai ki ab hamare desh mean lagabhag 4,000 ek d mean isaki kheti hone lagi hai. panjab ko kuloo ghati tatha kashmir mean yooropiy kismean paida ki jati haian aur inake phaloan ki ganana sansar ke uttam phaloan mean hoti hai.

mitti tatha jalavayu

nashapati ke lie mitti ka chunav isake prakand par nirbhar karata hai. kvians tatha jangali nashapati, do prakar ke prakandaprasaran ke kam ate haian. pahale ke lie chikani domat tatha doosare ke lie baluee domat mitti sarvottam samajhi jati hai. yooropiy mismoan ke lie samashitoshn jalavayu achchhi hoti hai. sadharan sahishnu kismean maidani jalavayu mean bhi paida ki ja sakati hai. uttar pradesh ki merath kamishnari tatha taraee ke ziloan mean nashapati ki kheti saphalatapoorvak hone lagi hai.

visaran

isaka visaran samudbhavan dvara tatha kalam baandhakar, donoan prakar se hota hai. adhikaanshat: chhalla chashma chadhana aur dhal chashma chadhana hi visaran mean prayukt hote haian. aprail ka pratham saptah samudbhavan ke lie uttam samay samajha jat hai. jihva chashma chadhane ka prayog march ke aant mean saphalatapoorvak kiya jata hai. b de pe doan ke lie jangali nashapati (mahal) tatha chhote paudhoan ke lie kvians prakand kam mean lae jate haian.

paudhe lagana

sardi ke mausam mean jab nashapati ke paudhe sushuptavastha mean rahate hai, vriksharopan karana chahie. mahal par prasarit paudhe 20-25 phut tatha kvians par prasarit paudhe 12-15 phut ki doori par gaddhe khodakar lagana chahie.

khad, sianchaee tatha aantarasasy

poorn phalanaprapt pe doan ko disanbar ke mahine mean prati pe d lagabhag do man s de gobar ki khad, tin pauand aimoniyam salphet tatha ek pauand suparaph aausphet prati varsh dena chahie. khad ki yah matra pe doan ki badh tatha phalan mean vriddhi karati hai. march mean jab phal matar ke dane se kuchh b de ho jaean, tab pe doan ko haphtevar pani dena chahie aur joon ke madhy tak isi prakar sianchaee karate rahana chahie. har pani ke do ya tin din bad halki gu daee, niraee karake thaloan ko saf suthara rakhana chahie.

thaloan ko chho dakar udyan ki shesh bhoomi mean matar, chana, lobiya jaisi phalidar phasaloan ka aantarasasy karate rahana chahie. isase keval atirikt amadani hi nahian hogi, balki bhoomi ki urvarashakti bhi bani rahegi.

kismean

phaloan ke anusar nashapati ki samast kismean nimnalikhit bhagoan mean vibhajit ki ja sakati haian :

1. chaina ya sadharan nashapati
2. yooropiy nashapati
3. yooropiy aur chaina nashapati ke sankar.

chaina nashapati uttar pradesh ke pashchimi ziloan mean paida hoti hai. isake phal any ke mukabale mean kathor hote haian aur murabba banane athava dibbabandi ke kary mean lae jate haian.

yooropiy kismoan mean laiksatans suparv, viliyams tatha k aaunphrasean uttam kismean hai. inake phal komal, rasadar aur mithe hote haian. inaki krishi kumaooan tatha chakarata mean saphalatapoorvak ki ja sakati hai. sankar kismoan ko nakh bhi kahate haian. yooropiy kismoan ki apeksha ye adhik sahishnu hoti haian. inamean lekaant, smith tatha kiphar bahut hi prachalit kismean haian.

kaant chhaant

pe d lagane ke doosare varsh se hi halki kat chhaant karake paudhe ko katore ka dhaancha dena chahie. bahar ki taraph phailanevali shakhoan ko kat chhaantakar, pe d ka phailav oopar ki or karana chahie. dhaancha pratisthapit ho jan ke bad phalavali tahaniyoan ki halki kataee karate rahana chahie. sabhi prakar ki kat chhaant ka uchit samay disanbar ya janavari hai. kat chhaant ke bina pe d jha d jaise ban jate haian aur phalan ki kam ho jata hai.

phalan

vasant ke shuroo hote hi pe doan par hari kopalean tatha phool ane shuroo ho jate haian. inake phal joon ke aant mean pakane lagate haian. chaina nashapati ki upaj sabase adhik hoti haian. poorn vriddhiprapt pe d se lagabhag char man tak phal utare jate haian. nakh ki upaj dhaee se tin man tak hoti hai. anubhavi logoan ka kahana hai ki udyan mean do ya tin kismoan ko sath sath lagane se phasal badh jati hai.

vipanan

nashapati ke phal ko pe d par poora nahian pakane dena chahie, kyoanki yah ras se bhar jata hai aur utarane mean tho di si bhi khurach lagane se s dane lagata hai. jyoanhi phal ki satah pili hone lage tatha usapar ke hare hare, chhote chhote, gol nishan bhoore hone lagean, phaloan ka savadhani se utarane lagana chahie. inako baksoan mean char ya paanch din tak surakshit rakh dene s, oopari satah pili pili ho jati hai aur gooda rasadar aur mitha ho jata hai. 4.5roo sean. tap par isake phal 20-25 din tak rakhe ja sakate haian.

upayog

chaina nashapati ke phal adhikatar murabba banane tatha dibbabandi ke kary mean lae jate haian. yooropiy aur sankar kismoan ke phal taje hi khane ke kam mean ate haian.

ki de tatha rog

nashapati ke phaloan mean kabhi kabhi ek prakar ka ki da paya jata hai. jaise hi ye ki de phaloan mean chhed karana shuroo karean, ki devale phaloan ko to dakar nasht kar dena chahie taki inaka prakop aur n badhe. nashapati ke rogoan mean tana phaphola, tana kaiansar tatha dagdh vivarnata mukhy haian. inase bachane ke lie rogarodhi padarthoan ka upayog karana chahie.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh