बिदेसिया

bidesiya uttar pradesh ke poorvi ziloan mean, visheshakar baliya, devariya tatha bihar ke pashchimi ziloan (ara aur chhapara) mean prachalit atyant lokapriy git haian. ye sadharan janata ki jihva par sada nachate rahate haian. bhojapuri pradesh mean bidesiya natak ka itana adhik prachar v lokapriyata hai ki sahastroan ki sankhya mean gramin janata isake abhinay ko dekhane ke lie upasthit hoti hai.

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rachayita

in suprasiddh 'bidesiya' gitoan ke rachayita bhikhari thakur the, jo bihar ke chhapara zile ke nivasi the. bhikhari thakur ne apana parichay dete hue svayan likha hai ki- "jati ke hajam mor kutubapur h mokam, chhapara se tin mil diyara mean babooji. purub ke kona par ganga ke kinare par, jati pesa bate vidya nahian bate babooji." isase pata chalata hai ki bhikhari thakur ek anapadh lokakavi the, parantu unaki pratibha b di vilakshan thi. bidesiya bichhoh aur milan ki abhilasha ke git haian, jinamean lokanayak nayika ke man ki aturata ka sahaj chitran hota hai, jisamean alanbh bhi hota hai. utarati gahari sunasan rat mean bidesiya gitoan ki tanean sunane valoan ko baichen kar deti haian.

natak

bhikhari thakur ne 'bidesiya' namak natak ki rachana ki hai, jisaki katha sankshep mean is prakar hai-

"koee vyakti jivikoparjan ke lie videsh (kalakatta, rangoon) jata hai. vahaan jakar vah apane ghar ki sabhi sudh-budh bhool jata hai. usaki stri usake viyog ke karan anek kasht sahan karati hai. aant mean kisi batohi ke dvara vah apana du:khad sandesh pati ke pas bhejati hai, jise sunakar vah apani naukari chho dakar ghar laut ata hai."

git

uparokt katha ko bhikhari thakur ne b da hi sundar natakiy roop diya hai. isi natak mean vah suprasiddh git upalabdh hota hai, jo 'bidesiya' git ke nam se prakhyat hai. chooanki is git ki pratyek pankti mean 'bidesiya' ka nam ata hai, at: is lokagit ko 'bidesiya' ke nam se abhihit kiya jata hai. is git ki kuchh panktiyaan is prakar haian-

"gavana karai siyaan ghar bithavale se apane chalele parades re bidesiya.
chadhati javaniyaan bairin bhili hamari se ke mor harihaian kales re bidesiya॥
dinavaan bite la siyaan batiya johat tor ratiya biteli jagi-jagi re bidesiya.
ghari-rati gile pahar rat gile se dhadhake karejaba mean agi re bidesiya.."

is git mean birah ki tivr vyanjana payi jati hai. lok kavi ne virah-vedana ki jo anubhooti dikhayi hai, usaki upalabdhi anyatr kathin hai. samast git karun ras se otaprot hai, jisaka prabhav shrotaoan ke hriday par amit roop se p data hai.

lokapriyata

bhojapuri pradesh mean bidesiya natak ka itana adhik prachar v lokapriyata hai ki sahastroan ki sankhya mean gramin janata isake abhinay ko dekhane ke lie upasthit hoti hai. apani yuvavastha mean bhikhari thakur in abhinayoan mean svayan bhag lete the. ab unake shishyoan ne anek natak mandaliyoan ki sthapana ki hai, jo is natak ka abhinay karati haian. bhikhari thakur ke 'bidesiya' natak ki nakal par anek 'bidesiya' namak natakoan ki rachana bhi ho gayi hai, jinamean se nathasharan pandey ki kriti adhik prasiddh hai. bhikhari thakur ne is natak ko likhakar us natak-sampraday ki pratishtha ki hai, jo 'bidesiya' ke nam se vikhyat hai.

is natak mean samajik buraiyoan, visheshakar 'bal vivah' tatha 'vriddh vivah' ki aur janata ka dhyan unhian ki boli bhojapuri mean akarshit kiya gaya hai. isaki bhasha b di praanjal, saras evan madhur hai. yahi karan hai ki yah natak janata ko itana priy hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh