माया कैलेंडर
thumb|250px|maya kaileandar
Mayan Calendar
maya kaileandar (mayan/mayan ya mayan/ meso) amerikan sabhyata ki den hai. qarib 250 se lekar 900 eesa poorv (AD) tak uttari aur madhy amerika (sauth eest meksiko, bailiz, pashchimi hoandooras aur al salvador) mean maya sanskriti namak ek prachin sabhyata vikasit huee thi. ise meso-amerikan sabhyata bhi kaha jata hai. maya sabhyata kolanbiyaee miso ameriki sabhyata se pahale ki mani jati hai. jahaan par aj maiksiko ka yookatan namak sthan hai vahaan kisi jamane mean maya sabhyata ke log raha karate the. maya sabhyata ke log kala, ganit, vastushastr, jhyotish aur lekhan adi ke kshetr mean kafi agrani the. speni akraantaoan ke ane ke bad unaki sabhyata aur sanskriti ka dhire dhire ksharan hone laga. gvatemala, maiksiko, hoanduras tatha yookatan prayadvip mean is sabhyata ke avashesh khojakartaoan ko mile haian.
aitihasik praman
yooan to is ilaqe mean eesa se das hazar sal pahale se basavat shuroo hone ke praman mile haian aur 1800 sal eesa poorv se prashaant mahasagar ke tatiy ilaqoan mean gaanv bhi basane shuroo ho chuke the. lekin kuchh puratatv vettaoan ka manana hai ki eesa se koee ek hazar sal pahale, maya sabhyata ke logoan ne anushthanik imaratean banana shuroo kar diya tha aur 600 sal eesapoorv tak bahut se parisar bana lie the. sanh 250 se 900 ke bich vishal star par bhavan nirman kary hua, shahar base. ise kalatmak vikas ka svarn yug kaha jata hai. krishi ka vikas hua aur nagar pradhan rajy bane. unaki sabase ullekhaniy imaratean piramid haian jo unhoanne dharmik keandroan mean banaeean lekin phir sanh 900 ke bad maya sabhyata ke in nagaroan ka hras hone laga aur nagar khali ho ge. aisa kyoan hua isapar bahut se mat haian. kuchh ka manana hai ki videshi akraman ya vidroh ke karan is sabhyata ka patan hua aur kuchh kahate haian ki kisi prakritik vipada ya mahamari ke karan aisa hua.
ganit aur khagol ke kshetr mean ullekhaniy vikas
prachin maya sabhyata ke kal mean ganit aur khagol ke kshetr mean ullekhaniy vikas hua. maya sanskriti ke log prakhar khagolashashtri aur jyotish the. is meso amerikan sabhyata ki sabase b di khasiyat isaka khagoliy jnan thi. is sabhyata ne shukr ko adhar banakar bhavishyavani kian. is sabhyata ne chandrama se dharati ki doori aur vibhinn grahoan ki sthiti ki itani satik janakari di ki vaijnanik bhi hairat mean haian. maya-sabhyata ke yug ke logoan ne vibhinn ghatanaoan, dharmik tyoharoan aur janm-maran sanbandhi batoan ka rikard rakhane ke lie kaileandar ka vikas kiya tha. apane jnan ke adhar par maya logoan ne ek kaileandar banaya tha. kaha jata hai ki unake dvara banaya gaya kaileandar itana satik nikala hai ki aj ke supar kampyootar bhi usaki gananaoan mean 0.06 tak ka hi farq nikal sake aur maya kaileandar ke anek akalan, jinaki ganana hajaroan saloan pahale ki gee thi, sahi sabit hue haian.
samany parichay
thumb|250px|maya kaileandar
Mayan Calendar
maya kaileandar ka ek sal 290 din ka hota hai. maya kaileandar mean tarikh tin prakar se nirdharit hote haian. tarikh ka nirdharan lanbi ginati, j aaulakin yani eeshvariy kaileandar aur hab yani lok kaileandar ke jarie hota hai. inhian ke adhar par maya sabhyata ke log bhavishyavaniyaan karate haian. maya sabhyata ki ganana aur panchaang ko hi maya kaileandar kaha jata hai. maya kaileandar mean 20 - 20 dinoan ke 18 mahine hote the aur 365 din poora karane ke lie 5 din atirikt jo d die jate the. in 5 dinoan ko ashubh mana jata tha.
maya kaileandar ke mahine
- Pop (p aaup)
- Uo (uo)
- Zip (jip)
- Zotz (j aauhtj)
- Tzec (tijek)
- Xul (jul)
- Yaxkin (yaksakin)
- Mol (mol)
- Chen (chen)
- Yax (yaks)
- Zac (jaik)
- Ceh (seh)
- Mac (maik)
- Kankin (kan kin)
- Muan (muan)
- Pax (paiks)
- Kayab (kayab)
- Cumbu (kumboo)
21 disanbar, 2012
maya sabhyata ke logoan ki manyata thi ki jab unake kaileandar ki tarikhean khatm hoti haian, to dharati par pralay ata hai aur ne yug ki shuruat hoti hai. unake dvara vikasit loang kauant kaileandar ee. poo. 3114 (BC) se shuroo ho raha hai, jo baktoonoan mean banta hai. is kaileandar ke hisab se 394 sal ka ek baktoon hota hai aur poora kaileandar 13 baktoonoan mean banta hai. maya sanskriti ke log 13 ke aank de ko bahut mahatv dete the aur 13vaan bakatoon 21 disambar 2012 ke asapas samapt hota hai. isiliye mana gaya ki 21 disanbar, 2012 ko prithvi ka vinash ho jayega. kaileandar ke anusar yah bataya gaya ki plainet-eks nibiroo nam ka ek grah disanbar-2012 ko prithvi se takaraega aur yah takkar sunami, bhookanp aur jvalamukhi visphot paida karegi aur is prithvi ka namonishan mit jaega. isake alava, is kaileandar ne yah bhavishyavani bhi ki thi ki 26 hazar sal mean pahali bar soory akashaganga ke madhyavarti samatal ko par karega. yah dharati ke lie kafi vinashakari sabit hoga, lekin aisa kuchh nahian hua, kyoanki nasa estrobayol aauji ianstityoot ke siniyar saiantist devid morisan ne kaha ki soory ke akashaganga ke madhyavarti samatal ko par karane ki bat hi sahi nahian hai. neshanal jyographik nyooj ne apani ek riport mean bhi in ashankaoan ko vaijnanik sakshyoan ke adhar par silasilevar dhang se poori tarah kharij kar dikhaya. kornal vishvavidyalay mean khagolavid ain martin ke anusar mayan kaileandar ka dijayan avarti hai. aise mean yah kahana ki dirgh ganana disanbar 2012 ko samapt ho rahi hai, sahi nahian hai. ain ka kahana hai ki yah mahaj mayan samaj mean mahanh kaileandar chakr ki samapti hai. yah bilkul vaisa hi hai jaise hamari sabhyata ne nee sahastrabdi ka svagat kiya tha. is prakar yah mana ja sakata hai ki maya kailenhdar ke varsh ka samapht hona bilhkul samanhy ghatana hai. maya kailendar mean ek sath do do sal, pahala 260 dinoan ka aur doosara 365 dinoan ke chalate the. 365 din ka sal to nishchit taur par saur gati par adharit hota hoga, jabaki 260 dinoan ka sal sanbhavat: 9 chandramas ka hota ho. is tarah isake 4 chandravarsh poore hone par 3 sauravarsh hi poore hote hoange, jisaka satik talamel karate hue varsh ke akalan ke sath hi sath grah nakshatroan aur sooryagrahan, chandragrahan tak ke akalan ka unhhean vishishht jnan tha. isase unake ganit jhyotish ke visheshajn hone ka pata to chalata hai, par phalit jhyotish ki visheshajnata ki pushti nahian hoti hai.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
bahari k diyaan
- duniya ke aant par maya kaileandar ki bhavishyavani ka sach
- maya kaileandar ke anusar 2012 mean duniya hogi khatm?
- ‘maya’ nahian rahi, chalati rahegi kalaganana
sanbandhit lekh