मौर्ययुगीन पुरातात्विक संस्कृति

mauryayugin puratatvik sanskriti mean uttari kali p aaulish ke mridabhaandoan ki jis sanskriti ka pradurbhav mahatma buddh ke kal mean hua tha, vah maury yug mean apani charam sima par drishtigochar hoti hai. is sanskriti ka prasar uttar, uttar-pashchim, poorv evan dakkan ke vihangam kshetr mean ho chuka tha. uttar-pashchim mean kandhar, takshashila, udegram adi sthaloan se lekar poorv mean chandraketugadh tak, uttar mean rop d, hastinapur, tilaurakot evan shravasti se lekar dakshin mean brahmapuri, chhabroli adi tak is sanskriti ke avashesh milate haian.

shaharikaran ka yug

pali evan sanskrit granthoan mean kaushaanbi, shravasti, ayodhya, kapilavastu, varanasi, vaishali, rajagir, pataliputr adi jin nagaroan ka ullekh milata hai, ve sabhi maury yug mean paryapt pallavit avastha mean the. anek shahar to prashasan ke kendr the. kintu is bat ko nakara nahian ja sakata ki aise anek nagar the, jo prasiddh vyapar margoan par sthit the. bharatiy itihas mean shaharikaran ka jo doosara charan buddh yug se arambh hua, usake pallavikaran mean mauryayugin vyapariyoan evan shilpiyoan ne vishesh yogadan diya. yadyapi uttari kali p aaulish ke mridabhaandoan ki sanskriti se sambandhit bahut se gramin sthaloan ka utkhanan nahian ho paya hai, kintu madhy ganga ki ghati mean vibhinn shilp vidhaoan, vyapar evan shaharikaran ek sudridh gramin adhar ke bina akalpaniy hai.

lohe ka prayog

puratatvik sanskriti ka ek any abhinn aang lohe ka nirantar badhata hua prayog hai. is sanskriti ke sabhi mahattvapoorn sthaloan se isake praman mile haian. isi kal ki satahoan se chhedadar kulha diyaan, daratiyaan aur sambhavatah hal ki falean bhari sankhya mean prapt huee haian. yadyapi astr shastr ke kshetr mean maury rajy ka ekadhikar tha, kintu lohe ke any auzaroan ka prayog kisi varg vishesh tak simit nahian tha. kautily ne mudra pranali ke vistrit prachalan ka jo vihangam drishy prastut kiya hai, usaki pushti ahat mudraoan ke akhil bharatiy vitaran se hoti hai. aitihasik kal mean pakki eetoan aur mandal koopoan ka prayog bhi sabase pahale isi saanskritik charan mean drishtigochar hota hai. in do visheshataoan ke karan makan adi ka nirman ne keval adhik sthayi roop se sambhav hua, apitu nadi tat par hi bastiyoan ki sthapana ki prachin mean bhi parivartan sambhav ho saka. mandal koopoan ke phalasvaroop jalapraday ki samasya ko sulajhane mean kafi sahayata mili. tang bastiyoan mean ve sokhtoan ya shoshagartoan ka kam karate the.

sanskriti ke tattv

madhy ganga ghati ki bhautik sanskriti ke uparyukt tattv uttari bangal, kaliang, aandhr evan karnatak tak pahuanch ge. bangala desh ke bogara zile ke mahasthan sthal se mauryayugin brahmi lipi ka ek abhilekh mila tha, aur isi pradesh mean 'dinajapur zile' mean 'banagadh' se uttari kali p aaulish ke mridabhaand bhi prapt hue haian. u disa mean shishupalagadh ke utkhanan bhi isi drishtikon se ullekhaniy haian. yah sthal bharat ke poorvi tat ke sahare-sahare prachin rajamarg par sthit 'dhauli' evan 'jaug d' namak ashok ke abhilekh sthaloan ke pas hi hai.

in kshetroan mean uparyukt bhautik sanskriti ke tatvoan ka prasphutikakaran mauryayugin magadh ke sampark ke karan hi hua hoga. yadyapi aandhr evan karnatak kshetroan mean maury yug mean lohe ke hathiyar evan upakaran milate haian, kintu vahaan par lohe ke agaman ka shrey mahapashan sanskriti ke nirmataoan ko hai. phir bhi in kshetroan mean kuchh sthaloan se n keval ashok ke abhilekh mile haian, apitu ee. poo. tritiy shatabdi mean uttari kshetr mean kali p aaulish vale mridabhaand bhi prapt hue haian. atah aisa pratit hota hai ki poorvi tat ke bad uparyukt saanskritik tattv maury sampark ke karan dakkani pathar tak pahuanch ge.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

sambandhit lekh

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