उत्प्रेरण
utpreran (aangrezi: Catalysis) se tatpary hai ki "jab kisi rasayanik abhikriya ki gati kisi padarth ki upasthiti matr se badh jati hai to ise 'utpreran' kahate haian." jabaki abhikriya ki gati badhane vale padarth ko 'utprerak' (catalyst) kahate haian. audyogik roop se mahattvapoorn rasayanoan ke nirman mean utprerakoan ki bahut b di bhoomika hai, kyoanki inake prayog se abhikriya ki gati badh jati hai, jisase anek prakar se arthik labh hota hai aur utpadan bhi adhik tezi se ho pata hai.
utpreran ke prakar
sabhi utprerit kriyaoan ko do bhagoan mean vibhajit kiya ja sakata hai-
- samavayavi utprerit kriyaean (samavayavi utpreran)
- vishamavayavi utprerit kriyaean (vishamavayavi utpreran)
samavayavi utpreran
is prakar ki kriyaoan mean utprerak, pratikarmak tatha pratiphal sabhi ek hi avastha mean upasthit hote haian. jaise- salfyoorik aml banane ki veshm vidhi mean salphar daiaauksaid, bhap tatha aauksijan ke sanyog se salfyoorik aml banata hai tatha naitrik aauksaid dvara yah kriya utprerit hoti hai. is kriya mean pratikarmak, utprerak tatha pratiphal isi gaisiy avastha mean rahate haian.
vishamavayavi utpreran
is prakar ki kriyaoan mean utprerak, pratikarmak tatha pratiphal vibhinn avasthaoan mean upasthit rahate haian. jaise- amoniya banane ki habar-vidhi mean naitrojan tatha haidrojan ki sanyog kriya ko ferik aauksaid utprerit karata hai. sookshm nikil ki upasthiti mean vanaspatik teloan ka haidrojanikaran is prakar ki kriyaoan ka ek any udaharan hai.
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