राजपूत चित्रकला

rajapoot chitrakala mean meva d, booandi, malava adi ullekhaniy haian. in rajyoan mean vishisht prakar ki chitrakala shaili ka vikas hua.

• mugal kal ke aantim dinoan mean bharat ke vibhinn kshetroan mean anek rajapoot rajyoan ki utpatti ho gee.
• in vibhinn shailiyoan mean kuchh visheshataean, ubhayanisht dikhaee dian, jisake adhar par unhean 'rajapoot' shaili nam pradan kiya gaya.
• chitrakala ki yah shaili kafi prachin pratit hoti hai kiantu isaka vastavik svaroop 15vian shatabdi ke bad hi prapt hota hai.
• yah vastav mean rajadarabaroan se prabhavit shaili hai jisake vikas mean kannauj, bundelakhand tatha chandel rajaoan ka sarahaniy yogadan raha hai.
• rajapoot chitrakala shaili vishuddh hindoo paramparaoan par adharit hai.
• rajapoot chitrakala shaili ka vikas kee shakhaoan ke roop mean hua hai jinaka vivaran nimn hai.

meva d shaili

• meva d shaili rajasthani janajivan v dharm ka jita jagata svaroop prastut karati hai. itihasavetta tarakanath ne 7vian shatabdi mean marava d ke prasiddh chitrakar shrirangadhar ko isaka sansthapak mana hai lekin unake tatkalin chitr upalabdh nahian hai. 'ragamala' ke chitr 16vian shatabdi mean maharana pratap ki rajadhani chavand mean banaye gaye, jisamean lokakala ka prabhav tatha meva d shaili ke svaroop chitrit haian. ragamala chitravali dilli ke sangrahalay mean surakshit hai. kumbhalagadh ke durg tatha chittau dagadh ke bhavanoan mean kuchh bhitti chitr bhi aspasht v dhuandhale roop mean dekhane ko milate haian.
• vallabh sanpraday ke rajasthan mean prabhavi ho jane ke karan radha-krishna ki lilaean meva d shaili ki mukhy vishayavastu haian. meva d shaili ke rangoan mean pila, lal tatha kesariya pramukh haian. prishthabhoomi ya to ek rang mean sapat hai athava akritiyoan ke virodhi rangoan ka prayog kiya gaya hai. prarambhik meva d shaili mean jain v gujarat ki chitrakalaoan ka mishran drishtigochar hota hai tatha lok kala ki rukshata, motapan, rekhaoan ka bharipan is ki visheshataean rahi hai.
• 17vian shatabdi ke madhy mean is shaili ka ek svatantr svaroop raha. manavakritiyoan mean andakar chehare, lambi nukili nasika, min nayan tatha akritiyaan chhote qad ki haian. purushoan ke vastroan mean jama, pataka tatha pag di aur striyoan ne choli, paradarshi odhani, bootedar athava sada lahanga pahana hai. bahoan tatha kamar mean kale phuandane aankit haian. prakritik ddashy chitran alankrit haian. 'ragamala' ke chitroan mean krishna tatha gopiyoan ki lilaoan mean shrriangar ras ka chitran atyant sajiv hua hai.
• meva d shaili 18 vian se lekar 19 vian sadi tak astitv mean rahi, jisamean anek kalakritiyaan chitrit ki gee. in kalakritiyoan mean shasak ke jivan aur vyaktitv ka adhik chitran kiya jane laga, lekin dharmik vishay lokapriy bane rahe.

jayapur shaili

• jayapur shaili ka yug 1600 se 1900 tak mana jata hai. jayapur shaili ke anek chitr shekhavati mean 18 vian shatabdi ke madhy v uttarardh mean bhitti chitroan ke roop mean bane haian. isake atirikt sikar, navalagadh, ramagadh, mukundagadh, jhuanjhunoo ityadi sthanoan par bhi is shaili ke bhitti chitr prapt hote haian.
• jayapur shaili ke chitroan mean bhakti tatha shrriangar ka sundar samanvay milata hai. krishna lila, rag-ragini, rasalila ke atirikt shikar tatha hathiyoan ki l daee ke adbhut chitr banaye gaye haian. vistrit maidan, vriksh, mandir ke shikhar, ashvarohi adi prathanuroop hi minaroan v vistrit shailamalaoan ka khulakar chitran hua hai. jayapur ke kalakar udyan chitran mean bhi atyant daksh the. udyogoan mean bhaanti-bhaanti ke vrikshoan, pakshiyoan tatha bandaroan ka sundar chitran kiya gaya hai.
• manavakritiyoan mean striyoan ke chehare gol banaye gaye haian. akritiyaan madhyam haian. min nayan, bhari, hoanth, maansal chibuk, bhara gatha hua sharir chitrit kiya gaya hai. nari patroan ko choli, kurti, dupatta, gahare rang ka gheradar lahanga tatha kahian-kahian jooti pahane chitrit kiya gaya hai. patali kamar, nitamb tak jhoolati veni, paanvoan mean payajeb, mathe par tika, kanoan mean baliyaan, moti ke jhumake, har, hansali, bajuoan mean bajooband, hathoan mean choo di adi abhooshan mugal prabhav se yukt haian.
• striyoan ki bhaanti purushoan ko bhi vastrabhooshanoan se sujajjit kiya gaya hai. purushoan ko kalangi lagi pag di, kurta, jama, aangarakha, dholi mori ka payajama, kamaraband, pataka tatha nokadar joota pahane chitrit kiya gaya hai.
• jayapur shaili ke chitroan mean hara rang pramukh hai. hasiye lal rang se bhare gaye haian jinako belabootoan se sajaya gaya hai. lal, pila, nila, tatha sunahare rangoan ka bahuly hai.

bikaner shaili

marava d shaili se sambandhit bikaner shaili ka sarvadhik vikas anoop sianh ke shasan kal mean hua. ramalal, ali raja, hasan raja, rookanuddin adi is shaili ke ullekhaniy kalakar the. is shaili par panjabi shaili ka bhi prabhav drishtigochar hota hai kyoanki bikaner kshetr uttar mean panjab ke samip hi sthit hai. yahaan ke shasako ki niyukti dakshin mean hone ke karan is shaili par dakkhini shaili ka bhi prabhav p da hai. is shaili ki sabase pramukh visheshata hai muslim kalakaroan dvara hindoo dharm se sambandhit evan pauranik vishayoan par chitraankan karana.

malava shaili

• malava shaili ki chitrakala mean vastushilpiy drishyoan ki or jhukav, savadhanipoorvak taiyar ki gayi sapat kiantu suvyavasthit sanrachana, shreshth praroopan, shobha hetu prakritik drishyoan ka srijan tatha roopoan ko ubharane ke lie ek rang ke dhabboan ka suniyojit upayog darshaniy hai.
• stri-purush donoan ka chitran tanvagi roop mean laghumukh evan ayatalochanamay roop mean kiya gaya hai. madhodas rachit 'rangamala' ke drishy is shaili ke anupam udaharan haian.

kishanagadh shaili

• rajasthan ki kishanagadh chitrakala shaili apane shrriangarik chitroan ke lie sampoorn bharat mean jani jati hai. kishanagadh ke raja samantasianh, shrriangarapriy v achchhe sahityakar the, jo nagaridas ke nam se prasiddh hue. inaki premika 'bani-thani' radha ka saundary inake kavy par adharit hai. kishanagadh shaili par mugalakala ka bhi prabhav p da tha.
• kishanagadh kala ka bharatiy laghukala mean advitiy sthan hai. nari chitran vishesh roop se sundar bane haian. striyoan ke chehare komal haian. kahian bhi bharipan nahian hai. sharir lataoan ke saman patala, lachakadar v chharahara chitrit kiya gaya hai. stri-purush anekanek abhooshanoan se sajjit haian.
• prakriti-chitran mean lata-vriksh adi ko premi-premika ki manodasha ke pratikatmak roop mean chitri kiya gaya hai. govarddhan-dharan chitr mean anek akritiyaan banayi gayi haian. chitroan mean kale, safed, nile tatha hare rangoan ki pradhanata hai. pila tatha lal rang santulit roop mean prayog kie ge hai.
• kishanagadh shaili ke chitroan mean bhavabhivyakti ki gaharaee adbhut hai is shaili ke pramukh kalakar amirachand, chhotoo, bhavanidas, nihalachand, sitaram adi haian. yah shaili darabar tak simit rahi phir bhi anek vishayoan ka chitran hua jaise- radha-krishna ki pranayalila, nayika-bhed, git govind, bhagavatapuran, bihari chandrika adi.

booandi shaili

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• 17vian shatabdi ke prarambh mean meva d shaili ki hi ek svatantr shakha ke roop mean vikasit booandi shaili ke pramukh keandr kota, booandi aur jhalava d the. booandi rajy ki sthapana 1341 mean rav deva ne ki thi lekin chitrakala ka vikas rav surajan (1554-85) se prarambh hua. rav ratan (1607-31) sianh ne dipak aur bhairavi rag par sundar chitr banavaye. shatrushal sianh (1631-58) ne chhatramahal ka alind 1644 mean banavaya jisamean 18vian shatabdi mean sundar bhitti chitran kiya gaya. inake putr rav bhav sianh (1658-81) ke samay mean 'lalit lalam' v rasaraj ki rachana matiram kavi ne ki tatha rag-raginiyoan ke chitr bane. chehare par chhaya lagane ka prachalan is samay ke chitroan mean paya jata hai.

alavar shaili

• alavar shaili ki sthapana 1775 mean alavar ke raja pratapasianh ne ki thi. is shaili ke chitroan mean mugalakalin chitroan jaisa barik kam, paradoan par dhuean ke saman chhaya tatha rekhaoan ki sudridhata darshaniy hai.
• alavar ke laghuchitroan mean hare v nile rangoan ka adhikata se prayog kiya gaya hai. prachin chitroan mean stri v purush akritiyaan machhali jaisi gol dikhayi gayi haian.

panne ki pragati avastha

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poornata

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