पानीपत युद्ध द्वितीय

panipat ka dvitiy yuddh 5 navambar, 1556 ee. mean l da gaya tha. yah yuddh dilli ke afagan shasak adilashah soor ke vir hindoo senanayak hemachandr vikramadity (hemoo) aur akabar ki mugal sena ke madhy hua. hemoo yah yuddh mugal senapati bairam khaan ki kootanitik chal se har gaya. aankh mean ek tir lag jane se hemoo ki sena bikhar gee aur use har ka samana karana p da.

yuddh ki prishthabhoomi

hemoo ne apane svami ke lie 24 l daiyaan l di thian, jisamean use 22 mean saphalata mili thi. hemoo agara aur gvaliyar par adhikar karata hua, 7 aktoobar, 1556 ee. ko tugalakabad pahuancha. yahaan usane mugal tardi beg ko parast kar dilli par qabza kar liya. hemoo ne raja 'vikramadity' ki upadhi ke sath ek svatantr shasak banane ka saubhagy prapt kiya. hemoo ki is saphalata se chiantit akabar aur usake kuchh sahayogiyoan ke man mean qabul vapas jane ki bat kauandhane lagi. parantu bairam khaan ne akabar ko is visham paristhati ka samana karane ke lie taiyar kar liya, jisaka parinam tha- "panipat ki dvitiy l daee".

hemoo ki parajay

yah sangharsh panipat ke maidan mean 5 navambar, 1556 ee. ko hemoo ke netritv mean afagan sena evan bairam khaan ke netritv mean mugal sena ke madhy l da gaya. dilli aur agara ke hath se chale jane par darabariyoan ne bairam khaan ko salah di ki hemoo idhar bhi badh sakata hai. isilie behatar hai ki yahaan se qabul chala jae. lekin bairam khaan ne ise pasand nahian kiya. bad mean bairam khaan aur akabar apani sena lekar panipat pahuanche aur vahian jua khela, jise tin sal pahale akabar ke dada yani babar ne khela tha. hemoo ki sena sankhya aur shakti, donoan mean badh-chadhakar thi. portugijoan se mili topoan ka use b da abhiman tha. 1500 mahagajoan ki kali ghata maidan mean chhaee huee thi. 5 navambar ko hemoo ne mugal dal mean bhagad d macha di. yuddh ka prarambhik kshan hemoo ke paksh mean ja raha tha, lekin isi samay usaki aankh mean ek tir laga, jo bheje ke bhitar ghus gaya, vah sanjna kho baitha. neta ke bina sena mean bhagad d mach gee. hemoo ko giraphtar karake bairam khaan ne marava diya.

dilli par mugal qabza

kaha jata hai ki bairam khaan ne akabar se apane dushman ka sir katakar 'gazi' banane ki prarthana ki thi, lekin akabar ne aisa karane se inkar kar diya. akabar is samay abhi mushkil se 14 varsh ka ho paya tha. usamean itana vivek tha ki ise manane ke lie kuchh itihasakar taiyar nahian haian. hindoo chook ge, par hemoo ki jagah unhoanne akabar jaise shasak ko paya, jisane adhi shatabdi tak bhed-bhav ki khaee ko patane ki koshish ki. panipat ki doosari l daee ke phalasvaroop dilli aur agara akabar ke adhikar mean a gaye the. is l daee ke phalasvaroop dilli ke takht ke lie mugaloan aur afaganoan ke bich chalane vala sangharsh antim roop se mugaloan ke paksh mean nirnit ho gaya aur agale tin sau varshoan tak dilli ka takht mugaloan ke pas hi raha.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh