हेमू

hemoo
hemachandr vikramadity|200px|center
poora nam	hemachandr vikramadity
any nam	hemoo
janm	1501 ee.
janm bhoomi	alavar, rajasthan
pita/mata	ray pooranamal
upadhi	vikramadity
shasan	dilli
rajyabhishek	7 aktoobar, 1556 ee.
yuddh	panipat ka dvitiy yuddh
sanbandhit lekh	sherashah soori, humayooan, akabar, bairam khaan
vishesh	lagabhag tin shatabdiyoan tak dilli par muslim shasan ke bad hemoo hi vah hindoo tha, jisane dilli par adhikar kiya.
any janakari	hemoo sherashah soori ka yogy divan, koshadhyaksh aur senanayak tha. sherashah ki saphalata mean usaki prabandh kushalata aur virata ka sabase b da hath raha tha. arthik soojh−boojh mean usake saman koee doosara vyakti nahian tha.

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hemachandr vikramadity (sankshipt nam- 'hemoo') bharat ka aantim hindoo raja tha. 'bharatiy itihas ke vir purushoan mean vah gina jata hai. "madhyakalin bharat ka nepoliyan" kaha jane vala hemoo apani asadharan pratibha ke bal par ek sadharan vyapari se pradhanamantri evan senadhyaksh ki padavi tak pahuancha tha. yah aitihasik saphar usane ek ajey mahanayak ke roop mean poora kiya tha. usake apar parakram tatha virata ke karan hi use 'vikramadity' ki upadhi mili thi. hemoo sherashah soori ka yogy divan, koshadhyaksh aur senanayak tha. sherashah ki saphalata mean usaki prabandh kushalata aur virata ka sabase b da hath raha tha. arthik soojh−boojh mean usake saman koee doosara vyakti nahian tha. hemoo ne apana aantim yuddh prasiddh panipat ke maidan mean l da. yah yuddh vah mugal senapati bairam khaan ki kootanitik chal se har gaya. aankh mean ek tir lag jane se hemoo ki sena bikhar gee aur use har ka samana karana p da.

janm tatha parichay

hemoo ka janm ek brahman parivar mean 1501 ee. mean alavar, rajasthan mean hua tha. usake pita ka nam ray pooranamal tha, jo us vaqt purohit the. bad ke samay mean mugaloan dvara purohitoan ko pareshan karane ki vajah se ray pooranamal reva di, hariyana mean akar namak ka vyavasay karane lage. apani chhoti ayu se hi hemoo sherashah soori ke lashkar ko anaj evan poteshiyam naitret upalabdh karane ke vyavasay mean pita ka hath bantane lage the.sanh1540 ee. mean sherashah soori ne badashah humayooan ko hara kar qabul laut jane ko vivash kar diya tha. hemoo ne usi vaqt reva di mean dhatu se vibhinn tarah ke hathiyar banane ke kam ki niv rakh di thi, jo aj bhi reva di mean pital, taanba, ispat ke bartan ke adi banane ke kam ke roop mean jari hai.

uchch pad v lokapriyata

sherashah soori ki varsh 1545 mean mrityu ho jane ke bad islamashah soor ne usaki gaddi sanbhali. islamashah ne hemoo ki prashasanik kshamata ko pahachan liya aur use vyapar evan vitt sanbadhi karyoan ke lie apana niji salahakar niyukt kar liya. hemoo ne bhi apani yogyata ko siddh kiya aur islamashah soor ka vishvasapatr ban gaya. islamashah hemoo se har masale par ray leta tha. hemoo ke kam se prasann hokar usane hemoo ko "daroga-e-chauki" bana diya aur uchch pad pradan kiya. bad mean islamashah ki mrityu ke bad usake barah varsh ke alp vayask putr firojashah ko usi ke chacha ke putr adilashah soori ne mar diya aur rajagaddi par qabza kar liya. adilashah ne hemoo ko apana vajir niyukt kiya. adilashah ayyash aur sharabi vyakti tha. use shasan ki bilkul bhi paravah nahian thi. is samay sampoorn afagan shasan prabandh hemoo ke hi hath mean a gaya tha. sena ke bhitar se bhi hemoo ka virodh hua, kiantu usane apane sare virodhiyoan ko parajit kar shaant kar diya. us samay tak hemoo ki sena ke afagan sainik, jiname se adhikatar ka janm bharat mean hi hua tha, apane ap ko bharat ka rahavasi manane lag ge the aur ve mugal shasakoan ko videshi manate the. isi vajah se hemoo hindoo evan afagan donoan mean kafi lokapriy ho gaya tha.

dilli par adhikar

humayooan, jo ki pahale 1540 ee. mean sherashah soori dvara hara kar khade d diya gaya tha, usane dubara hamala karake sherashah soori ke bhaee ko yuddh mean parast kiya aur dilli par adhikar kar liya. is samay afagan saradar apas mean hi sangharsh kar rahe the, aur hemoo bangal mean avyavastha ko door karane mean vyast tha. lekin isi samay sat mahine ke bad humayooan ki mrityu ho gee. ab hemoo ne dilli ki taraf rukh kiya aur raste mean bangal, bihar, uttar pradesh evan madhy pradesh ki kee riyasatoan ko fateh kiya. agara mean mugal senanayak iskandar khan uzbeg ko jab pata chala ki hemoo unaki taraf a raha hai to vah bina yuddh kiye hi maidan chho d kar bhag gaya. 7 aktoobar, 1556 ee. mean hemoo ne taradi beg khan (mugal) ko hara kar dilli par vijay hasil ki. yahian hemoo ka rajyabhishek hua aur use vikramadity ki upadhi se navaja gaya. lagabhag tin shatabdiyoan ke muslim shasan ke bad pahali bar koee hindoo dilli ka raja bana. bhale hi hemoo ka janm brahman samaj mean hua aur usaka palan-poshan bhi poore dharmik tarike se hua tha, kiantu vah sabhi dharmoan ko saman manata tha. isilie usaki sena ke afagan adhikari usaki poori ijzat karate the aur isalie bhi kyoki vah ek kushal senanayak sabit ho chooka tha.

mugaloan se yuddh

panipat ke yuddh se pahale akabar ke kee senapati use hemoo se yuddh karane ke lie mana kar chuke the, halaanki bairam khaan, jo akabar ka sanrakshak bhi tha, usane akabar ko dilli par niyantran ke lie hemoo se yuddh karane ke lie prerit kiya. jab hemoo ka mugaloan se yuddh hua to pashchim se bairam khaan ke netritv mean akabar ne use roka. 5 navambar, 1556 ee. mean panipat ke maidan mean hemoo aur mugal sena mean yuddh hua. panipat ke prasiddh maidan mean hemoo ki vishal sena ke samane mugal sena tuchchh thi. svayan hemoo 'havaee' namak ek vishal hathi par savar hokar sainy sanchalan kar raha tha. mugal sena mean dahashat thi. bairam khaan ne akabar ko surakshit sthan par chho da aur vah svayan sena lekar age badha.

parajay

yuddh ke maidan mean hemoo ne apane 1500 hathiyoan ko madhy bhag mean badhaya. isase mugal sena mean g dab di phail gee aur aisa jan p da ki hemoo ki sena mugaloan ko rauand degi. ek samay aise lagane laga ki hemoo ki vijay nishchit hai, kiantu isi samay bairam khaan ki kootaniti chal gee aur usane yuddh ka pasa palat diya. bairam khaan ne apane kuchh chune hue sainikoan ko hemoo ki aankh ko nishana banane ka adesh diya. sainikoan ne yahi kiya aur hemoo ki ek aankh mean tir laga aur vah hathi se niche gir gaya. sena mean bhagad d mach gee. hemoo ka mahavat usake hathi 'havaee' ko bhagakar le ja raha tha, kiantu mugal sainikoan ne use pak d liya. hemoo ko giraphtar karake akabar ke samane laya gaya, tab bairam khaan ne akabar se kaha ki- "hajarat ise marakar 'gazi' ki upadhi dharan karean". lekin akabar is kary ke lie raji nahian hua, tab bad mean bairam khaan ne hi hemoo ka sir dh d se alag kar diya.

hemoo ki haveli

bharat ke aantim hindoo samrat aur panipat ki doosari l daee ke nayak hemachandr vikramadity ki 600 varsh purani haveli vartaman mean jarjar hal mean hai. reva di ke kutubapur muhalle mean sthit is haveli ki halat dayaniy hai. itihas ki yah dharohar samapt hone ke kagar par hai. hemoo ko "madhy kal ka naipoliyan" kaha jata hai. usake gauravapoorn pahaloo ki tamam smritiyaan is haveli se ju di haian. dhaee manjili haveli prachin kalatmak karigiri ki jiti-jagati misal hai. kalatmak mukhyadvar, naqqashi se saji divarean tatha durlabh pattharoan par akarshak karigiri anayas hi prabhavit karati hai. andar pravesh karate hi vargakar chauk svagat karata hai. charoan or kalatmak naqqashi man moh leti hai. baramade v kaksh ki vishalata se kabhi rahi isaki bhavyata ka aandaja sahaj ki lagaya ja sakata hai. pratham tal par kul milakar chhote-b de ek darjan kaksh evan char dalan haian. ek kakshanuma rasoee pratit hoti hai. isamean do-tin tahakhane bhi haian, jinhean ab saphaee ke bad daravaze lagakar band kar diya gaya hai. dilachasp pahaloo yah hai ki pratham tal par kahian koee khi daki najar nahian ati, jabaki pahale isake age v pichhe aangan bhi hote the. aisa sanbhavat: suraksha paksh ko lekar kiya gaya hoga. is tis phuti haveli ka pratham tal lagabhag nau sau se ek hazar varsh purana bataya jata hai.

is aitihasik haveli ka dvitiy tal khas prakar ki eeantoan se bana hai, jinhean 'lakhauri' eeantean kaha jata hai. paanch ianch lanbi, sadhe tin ianch chau di tatha dedh ianch moti eeantoan ki kalatmak chinaee mean purtagali shaili ke praman maujood haian. yah jirnoddhar kary 1540 ee. ka hai. is tal par bane do vargakar sabhagar dhyan khianchate haian, jinamean se ek ki chhat gir chuki hai tatha doosara h aaul aj bhi thik sthiti mean hai. sabase oopar ka tal khula hua hai, kiantu isaki char divari sat-ath phut suraksha kavach pratit hoti hai. solahavian shatabdi ke mahanatam hindoo yoddha kahe jane vale hemoo ke pita ray pooranamalasanh1516 ee. mean rajasthan ke alavar se reva di akar kutubapur mohalle mean rahane lage the.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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sanbandhit lekh

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