अन्वष्टका कृत्य (श्राद्ध)

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30px yah lekh pauranik granthoan athava manyataoan par adharit hai at: isamean varnit samagri ke vaijnanik praman hone ka ashvasan nahian diya ja sakata. vistar mean dekhean asvikaran

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anvashtaka krity (shraddh)
anuyayi sabhi hindoo dharmavalambi
uddeshy shraddh poorvajoan ke prati sachchi shraddha ka pratik haian. pitaroan ke nimitt vidhipoorvak jo karm shraddha se kiya jata hai, usi ko 'shraddh' kahate haian..
prarambh vaidik-pauranik
tithi bhadrapad shukl paksh ki poornima se sarvapitri amavasya arthath ashvin krishna paksh amavasya tak
anushthan shraddh-karm mean pake hue chaval, doodh aur til ko mishrit karake jo 'pind' banate haian. pind ka arth hai sharir. yah ek paranparik vishvas hai, ki har pidhi ke bhitar matrikul tatha pitrikul donoan mean pahale ki pidhiyoan ke samanvit 'gunasootr' upasthit hote haian. yah pratikatmak anushthan jin jin logoan ke gunasootr (jins) shraddh karane vale ki apani deh mean haian, unaki tripti ke lie hota hai.
sanbandhit lekh pitri paksh, shraddh ke niyam, ashtaka krity, anvahary shraddh, shraddh visarjan, pitri visarjan amavasya, tarpan, madhyavarsh krity, matamah shraddh, pitar, shraddh aur grahan, shraddh karane ka sthan, shraddh ki ahuti, shraddh ki kotiyaan, shraddh ki mahatta, shraddh prapautr dvara, shraddh phalasoochi, shraddh varjana, shraddh vidhi, pindadan, gaya, nasik, adity devata aur rudr devata
any janakari brahm puran ke anusar shraddh ki paribhasha- 'jo kuchh uchit kal, patr evan sthan ke anusar uchit (shastranumodit) vidhi dvara pitaroan ko lakshy karake shraddhapoorvak brahmanoan ko diya jata hai', shraddh kahalata hai.

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yadyapi apastambagrihyasootr[1] evan shaankhayan grihyasootr[2] ka kathan hai ki anvashtaka krity mean pindapitriyajn ki vidhi mani jati hai, kintu kuchh grihyasootr[3] is krity ka vishad varnan karate haian. ashvalayan grihyasootr evan vishnu dharmasootr[4] ne madhyam marg apanaya hai. ashvalayan grihyasootr ka varnan apekshakrit sankshipt hai. yah jnatavy hai ki kuchh grihyasootroan ka kathan hai ki anvashtaka krity krishna paksh ki navami ya dashami ko kiya jata hai.[5] ise paraskar grihyasootr[6], manu[7] evan vishnu dharmasootr[8] ne anvashtaka ki sanjna di hai. atyant vishisht bat yah hai ki is krity mean stri pitaroan ka ahavan kiya jata hai aur isamean jo ahutiyaan di jati haian, unamean sura, maan d, aanjan, lep evan malaean bhi sammilit rahati haian. yadyapi ashvalayan grihyasootr[9] adi ne ghoshit kiya hai ki ashtaka evan anvashtaky masik shraddh ya pindapitriyajn par adharit haian tathapi baudhayan grihyasootr[10], gobhilagrihyasootr[11] evan khadir grihyasootr[12] ne kaha hai ki ashtaka ya anvashtaky ke adhar par hi pindapitriyajn evan any shraddh kiye jate haian. kathak grihyasootr[13] ka kathan hai ki pratham shraddh, sapindikaran jaise any shraddh, pashushraddh (jisamean pashu ka maans arpit kiya jata hai) evan masik shraddh ashtaka ki vidhi ka hi anusaran karate haian. pindapitriyajn ka sampadan amavasya ke din keval ahitagni karata hai. yah bat sambhavat: ulati thi, arthath keval tho de hi ahitagni the, shesh logoan ke pas keval grihy agniyaan thian aur unase bhi adhik bina grihyagni ke the. yah sambhav hai ki sabhi ko pindapitriyajn ke anukaran par amavasya ko shraddh karana hota tha. jyoan-jyoan pindapitriyajn ka sampadan kam hota gaya, amavasya ke din shraddh karana shesh rah gaya aur sootroan evan smritiyoan mean jo kuchh kaha gaya hai, vah masi-shraddh ke roop mean rah gaya aur any shraddhoan ke vishay mean sootroan evan smritiyoan ne keval yahi nirdesh kiya ki kya-kya chho d dena chahie. isi se masi-shraddh ne prakriti ki sanjna payi aur any shraddh vikriti (masi-shraddh ke vibhinn roop) kahalaye. masi-shraddh mean pindapitriyajn ki adhikaansh batean avashyak thian aur kuchh batean, yatha–ardhy dena, gandh, dip, adi dena, jo d di gayian tatha kuchh adhik vishad niyam nirmit kar diye gaye. [[chitr:Pind dan shradh.jpg|thumb|left|shraddh ke samay pindadan karate shraddhalu]]

anvashtaka vidhi

anvashtaky ka varnan ashvalayan grihyasootr[14] mean is prakar hai–usi maans ka ek bhag taiyar karake[15], dakshin ki or dhalu bhoomi par agni pratishthapit karake, use gherakar aur ghiri shala ke uttar mean dvar banakar agni ke charoan or yajniy ghas (kush) tin bar rakhakar, kintu usake mooloan ko usase door rakhakar, apane vamaang ko agni ki or rakhakar use (karta ko) havi, yatha–bhat, tilamishrit bhat, doodh mean pakaya hua bhat, dahi ke sath mitha bhojan evan madhu ke sath maans rakh dena chahie. isake age pindapitriyajn ke krityoan ke saman karm karane chahie.[16] isake uparant mithe khady padarth ko chho dakar sabhi haviyoan ke kuchh bhag ko madhu ke sath agni mean dalakar us havi ka kuchh bhag pitaroan ko tatha usaki patniyoan ko sura evan maan d milakar dena chahie. kuchh log havi ko gaddhoan mean rakhane ki bat kahate haian. jinaki sankhya sankhya do se chh: tak ho sakati hai. poorv vale gaddhoan mean pitaroan ko havi di jati hai aur pashchim valoan mean unaki patniyoan ko. is prakar varsha rritu ke praushthapad (bhadrapad) ki poornima ke pashchath krishna paksh mean magha ke din yah krity karana chahie aur aisa karate hue visham sankhya par dhyan dena chahie (arthath visham sankhya mean brahman evan tithiyaan honi chahie). use kam se kam nau brahmanoan ya kisi bhi visham sankhya vale brahmanoan ko bhojan dena chahie. maangalik avasaroan par evan kalyanaprad krityoan ke sampadan par sam sankhya mean brahmanoan ko khilana chahie tatha any any avasaroan par visham sankhya mean. yah krity bayean se dayean kiya jata hai, isamean til ke sthan par yav (yav) jau ka prayog hota hai.[17] anvashtaky krity pratyek tin ya char ashtakaoan ke uparant sampadit hota tha, kintu yadi magh mean keval ek hi ashtaka ki jae tab vah krishna paksh ki ashtami ke uparant kiya jata tha.


panne ki pragati avastha
adhar
prarambhik
madhyamik
poornata
shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

  1. ↑ apastambagrihyasootr 2|5|3
  2. ↑ shaankhayan grihyasootr 3|13|7
  3. ↑ yatha khadiragrihyasootr 3|5 evan gobhilagrihyasootr 4|2-3
  4. ↑ ashvalayan grihyasootr evan vishnu dharmasootr 74
  5. ↑ khadiragrihyasootr 3|5|1
  6. ↑ paraskar grihyasootr 3|3|30
  7. ↑ manu 4|150
  8. ↑ vishnu dharmasootr 74|1 evan 76|10
  9. ↑ ashvalayan grihyasootr 2|5
  10. ↑ baudhayan grihyasootr 3|12|1
  11. ↑ gobhilagrihyasootr 4|4
  12. ↑ khadir grihyasootr (3|5|35
  13. ↑ kathak grihyasootr 66|1|68, 68|1 evan 69|1
  14. ↑ ashvalayan grihyasootr 2|5|2-15
  15. ↑ us pashu ka maans jo ashtaka ke din kata jata hai ashvalayan grihyasootr 2|4|13
  16. ↑ ashvalayan grihyasootr 2|6
  17. ↑ 'vriddhi' ya 'abhyudayik' (samriddhi ya achchhe bhagy ki or sanket karane vale) shraddh putr ki utpatti, putr ya kanya ke vivah ke avasar par kiye jate haian. vriddhi shraddh ko nandimukh bhi kaha jata hai. poort ka arth hai koop, talab, mandir, vatika ka nirman kary jo datavyasvaroop hota hai. dekhie is granth ka khand 2, adhyay 25 evan yajn. (1|250) tatha shaan. gri. (4|4|1).

bahari k diyaan

sanbandhit lekh

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shraddh


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