श्राद्ध और ग्रहण
30px yah lekh pauranik granthoan athava manyataoan par adharit hai at: isamean varnit samagri ke vaijnanik praman hone ka ashvasan nahian diya ja sakata. vistar mean dekhean asvikaran |
shraddh aur grahan
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anuyayi | sabhi hindoo dharmavalambi |
uddeshy | shraddh poorvajoan ke prati sachchi shraddha ka pratik haian. pitaroan ke nimitt vidhipoorvak jo karm shraddha se kiya jata hai, usi ko 'shraddh' kahate haian.. |
prarambh | vaidik-pauranik |
tithi | bhadrapad shukl paksh ki poornima se sarvapitri amavasya arthat ashvin krishna paksh amavasya tak |
anushthan | shraddh-karm mean pake hue chaval, doodh aur til ko mishrit karake jo 'pind' banate haian. pind ka arth hai sharir. yah ek paranparik vishvas hai, ki har pidhi ke bhitar matrikul tatha pitrikul donoan mean pahale ki pidhiyoan ke samanvit 'gunasootr' upasthit hote haian. yah pratikatmak anushthan jin jin logoan ke gunasootr (jins) shraddh karane vale ki apani deh mean haian, unaki tripti ke lie hota hai. |
sanbandhit lekh | pitri paksh, shraddh ke niyam, anvashtaka krity, ashtaka krity, anvahary shraddh, shraddh visarjan, pitri visarjan amavasya, tarpan, madhyavarsh krity, matamah shraddh, pitar, shraddh karane ka sthan, shraddh ki ahuti, shraddh ki kotiyaan, shraddh ki mahatta, shraddh prapautr dvara, shraddh phalasoochi, shraddh varjana, shraddh vidhi, pindadan, gaya, nasik, adity devata aur rudr devata |
any janakari | brahm puran ke anusar shraddh ki paribhasha- 'jo kuchh uchit kal, patr evan sthan ke anusar uchit (shastranumodit) vidhi dvara pitaroan ko lakshy karake shraddhapoorvak brahmanoan ko diya jata hai', shraddh kahalata hai. |
apastamb dharmasootr[1], manu[2], vishnu dharmasootr[3], koorm puran[4], brahmand puran[5], bhavishy puran[6] ne ratri, sandhya (godhooli kal) ya jab soory ka turat uday hua ho tab–aise kaloan mean shraddh sampadan mana kiya hai. kintu chandragrahan ke samay chhoot di hai. apastamb dharmasootr ne itana jo d diya hai ki yadi shraddh sampadan aparanhn mean arambh hua ho aur kisi karan se der ho jae tatha soory doob jae to karta ko shraddh sampadan ke shesh krity doosare din hi karane chahie aur use darbhoan par pind rakhane tak upavas karana chahie. vishnu dharmasootr ka kathan hai ki grahan ke samay kiya gaya shraddh pitaroan ko tab tak santusht karata hai jab tak ki chandr v taroan ka astitv hai aur karta ki sabhi suvidhaoan evan sabhi ichchhaoan ki poorti hoti hai. yahi koorm puran ka kathan hai ki jo vyakti grahan ke samay shraddh nahian karata hai vah pank mean padi huee gay ke saman doob jata hai (arthath use pap lagata hai ya usaka nash ho jata hai). mitakshara[7] ne savadhani ke sath nirdeshit kiya hai ki yadyapi shraddhoan ke samay bhojan karana nishiddh hai, tathapi yah nishiddhata keval bhojan karane vale (un brahmanoan ko jo grahan kal mean shraddh bhojan karate haian) ko prabhavit karati hai, kintu karta ko nahian, jo usase achchhe phaloan ki prapti karata hai.[8]
aparanhn ka arth
shraddhakal ke lie manu[9] dvara vyavasthit aparanhn ke arth ke vishay mean aparark[10], hemadri[11] evan any lekhakoan tatha nibandhoan mean vidvattapoorn vivechan upasthit kiya gaya hai. kee mat prakashit kiye gaye haian. kuchh logoan ke mat se madhyanhn ke uparant din ka sheshant aparanhn hai. poorvahn shabd rrigved[12] mean aya hai. is kathan ke adhar par kaha hai ki din ko tin bhagoan mean baant dene par antim bhag aparanhn kaha jata hai. tisara mat yah hai ki paanch bhagoan mean vibhakt din ka chautha bhag aparanhn hai. is mat ko manane vale shatapath brahman[13] par nirbhar haian. din ke paanch bhag ye haian–prat:, sangav, madhyandin (madhyanhn), aparanhn evan sayahn (saany ya astagaman). inamean pratham tin spasht roop se rrigved[14] mean ullikhit haian. prajapatismriti[15] mean aya hai ki inamean pratyek bhag tin muhoortoan tak rahata hai.[16] isane age kaha hai ki kutap sooryoday ke uparant athavaan muhoort hai aur shraddh ko kutap mean arambh karana chahie tatha use rauhin muhoort ke age nahian le jana chahie. shraddh ke lie paanch muhoort (athavean se barahavean tak) adhikatam yogy kal haian.
kutap
kutap shabd ke ath arth haian, jaisa ki smritich.[17] evan hemadri[18] ne kaha hai. yah shabd 'ku' (nindit arthath pap) evan 'tap' (jalana) se bana hai. 'kutap' ke ath arth ye haian–madhyahn, khadgapatr (geande ke siang ka bana patr), nepal ka kambal, roopa (chaandi), darbh, til, gay evan dauhitr (kanya ka putr). samany niyam yah hai ki shraddh aparanhn mean kiya jata hai (kintu yah niyam amavasya, mahalay, ashtaka evan anvashtaka ke shraddhoan ke lie prayukt hota hai), kintu vriddhishraddh aur amashraddh (jinamean keval ann ka hi arpan hota hai) prat: kal mean kiye jate haian. is vishay mean medha tithi[19] ne ek smritivachan uddhrit kiya hai.[20] trikandamandan[21] mean aya hai ki yadi mukhy kal mean shraddh karana sambhav: n ho to usake pashchath vale gaun kal mean use karana chahie, kintu krity ke mukhy kal evan samagri sangrahan ke kam mean pratham ko hi variyata deni chahie aur sabhi mukhy dravyoan ko ekatr karane ke lie gaun kal ke atirikt any karyoan mean usaki pratiksha nahian karani chahie.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ apastamb dharmasootr (7|17|23-25
- ↑ manu (3|280
- ↑ vishnu dharmasootr (77|8-9
- ↑ koorm puran (2|16|3-4
- ↑ brahmand puran (3|14|3
- ↑ bhavishy puran (1|185|1
- ↑ yajnavalky 1|217
- ↑
n ch naktan shraddhan kurvit.
arabdhe chabhojanama samapanath.
anyatr rahudarshanath.
apastamb dharmasootr (2|7|17|23-25); naktan tu varjayechchharaddhan rahoranyatr darshanath.
sarvasvenapi kartavyan kshipran vai rahudarshane.
uparage n kuryady: padriangauriv sidati..
koorm puran (2|16-3|4).
yadyapi 'chandrasooryagrahe nadyath' iti grahane bhojananishedhastathapi bhokturdoshi daturabhyuday:. mita. (yajn. 1|217-218). - ↑ manu (3|278
- ↑ prishth 465
- ↑ hemadri (prishth 313
- ↑ rrigved (10|34|11
- ↑ shatapath brahman (2|2|3|9
- ↑ rrigved (5|76|3
- ↑ prajapatismriti (156-157
- ↑ din 15 muhoortoan mean baanta jata hai
- ↑ smritich. (shraddh prishth 433
- ↑ hemadri (shraddh, prishth 320
- ↑ manu 3|254
- ↑ poorvahne daivikan karyamaparahne tu paitrikamh. ekoddishtan tu madhyahne pratarvriddhinimittakamh.. medhatithi (manu 3|243). dipakalika (yajn. 1|226) ne is shlok ko vayupuran ke ek shlok ke roop mean uddhrit kiya hai.
- ↑ trikandamandan (2|150 evan 162