श्राद्ध के वैज्ञानिक पहलू

30px yah lekh pauranik granthoan athava manyataoan par adharit hai at: isamean varnit samagri ke vaijnanik praman hone ka ashvasan nahian diya ja sakata. vistar mean dekhean asvikaran

shraddh vishay soochi

shraddh    parichay    pitri paksh    pitri ka arth    vishad varnan    pindadan    niyam    vidhi    sthan    mahatta    shraddh aur grahan    vaijnanik pahaloo    ahuti    visajarn

shraddh ke vaijnanik pahaloo
shraddh karm mean pooja karate brahman|200px|center
any nam	pitri paksh
anuyayi	sabhi hindoo dharmavalambi
uddeshy	shraddh poorvajoan ke prati sachchi shraddha ka pratik haian. pitaroan ke nimitt vidhipoorvak jo karm shraddha se kiya jata hai, usi ko 'shraddh' kahate haian.
prarambh	vaidik-pauranik
tithi	bhadrapad shukl paksh ki poornima se sarvapitri amavasya arthat ashvin krishna paksh amavasya tak
anushthan	shraddh-karm mean pake hue chaval, doodh aur til ko mishrit karake 'pind' banate haian, use 'sapindikaran' kahate haian. pind ka arth hai sharir. yah ek paranparik vishvas hai ki har pidhi ke bhitar matrikul tatha pitrikul donoan mean pahale ki pidhiyoan ke samanvit 'gunasootr' upasthit hote haian. yah pratikatmak anushthan jin jin logoan ke gunasootr (jins) shraddh karane vale ki apani deh mean haian, unaki tripti ke lie hota hai.
sanbandhit lekh	pitri paksh, shraddh ke niyam, anvashtaka krity, ashtaka krity, anvahary shraddh, shraddh visarjan, pitri visarjan amavasya, tarpan, madhyavarsh krity, matamah shraddh, pitar, shraddh aur grahan, shraddh karane ka sthan, shraddh ki ahuti, shraddh ki kotiyaan, shraddh ki mahatta, shraddh prapautr dvara, shraddh phalasoochi, shraddh varjana, shraddh vidhi, pindadan, gaya, nasik, adity devata aur rudr devata
any janakari	brahm puran ke anusar shraddh ki paribhasha- 'jo kuchh uchit kal, patr evan sthan ke anusar uchit (shastranumodit) vidhi dvara pitaroan ko lakshy karake shraddhapoorvak brahmanoan ko diya jata hai', shraddh kahalata hai.

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janm evan mrityu ka rahasy atyant goodh hai. vedoan mean, darshan shastroan mean, upanishadoan evan puranoan adi mean hamare rrishiyoan-manishiyoan ne is vishay par vistrit vichar kiya hai. shrimadabhagavat mean bhi spasht roop se bataya gaya hai ki janm lene vale ki mrityu aur mrityu ko prapt hone vale ka janm nishchit hai. yah prakriti ka niyam hai. sharir nasht hota hai magar atma kabhi bhi nasht nahian hoti hai. vah pun: janm leti hai aur bar-bar janm leti hai. is pun: janm ke adhar par hi karmakand mean shraddhadi karm ka vidhan nirmit kiya gaya hai. apane poorvajoan ke nimitt di gee vastuean sachamuch unhean prapt hoti haian ya nahian, is vishay mean adhikaansh logoan ko sandeh hai. hamare poorvaj apane karmanusar kis yoni mean utpann hue haian, jab hamean itana hi nahian maloom to phir unake lie die ge padarth un tak kaise pahuanch sakate haian? kya ek brahman ko bhojan karane se hamare poorvajoan ka pet bhar sakata hai? n jane is tarah ke kitane hi saval logoan ke man mean uthate hoange. vaise in prashnoan ka sidhe-sidhe uttar dena sambhav bhi nahian hai, kyoanki vaijnanik mapadandoan ko is srishti ki pratyek vishayavastu par lagoo nahian kiya ja sakata. duniya mean aisi kee batean haian, jinaka koee praman n milate hue bhi un par vishvas karana p data hai.thumb|left|shraddh karate shraddhalu ab shraddh sanskar ko hi lijie. shraddh sookshm shariroan ke lie vahi kam karate haian, jo janm ke poorv aur janm ke samay ke sanskar sthool sharir ke lie karate haian. yahaan se doosare lok mean jane aur doosara sharir prapt karane mean jivatma ki sahayata karake manushy apana kartavy poora kar deta hai. isalie is kriya ko shraddh kahate haian, jo shrriddha se bana hai. shraddh ki kriyaean do bhagoan mean banti huee haian. pahala pret kriya aur doosara pitri kriya. aisa mana jata hai ki mara hua vyakti ek varsh mean pitri lok pahuanchata hai. at: sapiandikaran ka samay ek varsh ke ant mean hona chahie. parantu itane dinoan tak ab log pratiksha nahian kar pate haian. is sthiti mean sapiandikaran ki avadhi chhah mahine se ab 12 din ki ho gee hai. isake lie garu d puran ka shlok adhar hai-

"anityatkalidharmanaanpuansaanchaivayush: kshayath.
asthiratvachchharirasy dvadashahe prashasyate.."

arthath kaliyug mean dharm ke anity hone ke karan purushoan ki ayu kshinata tatha sharir ke kshan bhangur hone se barahavean din sapiandi ki ja sakati hai. varnanusar yah din age bhi badh jata hai. barahavaan din unake lie hai, jinaki shuddhi das din mean ho jati hai.

chitr:Blockquote-open.gif shraddh sookshm shariroan ke lie vahi kam karate haian, jo ki janm ke poorv aur janm ke samay ke sanskar sthool sharir ke lie karate haian. isalie shastr poorvajanm ke adhar par hi karmakand mean shraddhadi karm ka vidhan nirmit karate haian. chitr:Blockquote-close.gif

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vedant ke anusar

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[[chitr:Shraddh-4.jpg|thumb| snan karate brahman|250px]] shraddhakalpalata ne markandeyapuran ke adhar par jo tark upasthit kiye haian, ve santoshajanak nahian haian aur unamean bahut khianchatani hai. markandey evan matsy, aisa lagata hai, vedant ke is kathan ke sath haian ki atma is sharir ko chho dakar dev ya manushy ya pashu ya sarp adi ke roop mean avasthit ho jati hai. jo anuman upasthit kiya gaya hai vah yah hai ki shraddh mean jo ann-pan diya jata hai, vah pitaroan ke upayog ke lie vibhinn dravyoan mean parivartit ho jata hai. is vyavastha ko svikar karane mean ek b di kathinaee yah hai ki pitrigan vibhinn sthanoan mean mar sakate haian aur shraddh bahudha un sthanoan se door hi sthan par kiya jata hai. aisa manana klisht kalpana hai ki jahaan dushkarmoan ke karan koee pitar pashu roop mean parivartit ho gaye haian, aise sthan vishesh mean ugi huee ghas vahi hai, jo saik doan kos door shraddh mean kiye gaye dravyoan ke karan utpann huee hai. itana hi nahian, yadi ek ya sabhi pitar pashu adi yoni mean parivartit ho gaye haian, to kis prakar apani santanoan ko ayu, dhan adi de sakate haian? yadi yah kary vasu, rudr evan adity karate haian to sidhe taur par yah kahana chahie ki pitar log apani santati ko kuchh bhi nahian de sakate.

shraddh mean khir-poori ka mahattv

shraddh ke dauran panditoan ko khir-poori khilane ka mahattv hota hai. mana jata hai ki isase svargiy poorvajoan ki atma tript hoti hai. purush ke shraddh mean brahman ko tatha stri ke shraddh mean brahman mahila ko bhojan karaya jata hai. log apani shraddha anusar khir-poori tatha sabjiyaan banakar unhean bhojan karate haian tatha bad mean vastr v dakshina dekar v pan khilakar vida karate haian. subah snan adi se nivritt hokar apane poorvaj ka chitr rakhakar pandit niyamapoorvak pooja v sankalp karate haian. is din bina pyaj v lahasun ka bhojan taiyar kiya jata hai. bad mean pandit v panditain ke shraddhapoorvak pair chhookar unhean bhojan karate haian. bhojan mean khir-poori v panir, sitaphal, adarak v mooli ka lachchha taiyar kiya jata hai. u dad ki dal ke b de banakar dahi mean dale jate haian. pandit sarvapratham gay ka naivedy nikalavate haian. isake alava kauoan v chi diya, kutte ke lie bhi gras nikalate haian. pitri amavasya ko akhiri shraddh karake pitri visarjan kiya jata hai tatha pitaroan ko vida kiya jata hai. kee jagahoan par amavasya ke din pandit bahut kam milate haian kyoanki ek dharana yah hai ki shraddh ka bhojan ya to kul pandit ya kisi khas brahman ko karaya jata hai. kee jagah vyast hone ke chalate bhi panditoan ki kami rahati hai. manyata hai ki brahmanoan ko khir-poori khilane se pitri tript hote haian. yahi vajah hai ki is din khir-poori hi banaee jati hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

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bahari k diyaan

• shraddh mahima

sanbandhit lekh

shrutiyaan

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