मुहम्मद रफ़ी
muhammad rafi
| |
| poora nam | muhammad rafi |
| janm | 24 disambar, 1924 |
| janm bhoomi | amritasar , panjab |
| mrityu | 31 julaee, 1980 |
| mrityu sthan | muanbee, maharashtr |
| abhibhavak | hazi ali muhammad |
| pati/patni | begam viqalis |
| santan | sat (char putr aur tin putriyaan) |
| karm bhoomi | muanbee |
| karm-kshetr | parshvagayak |
| puraskar-upadhi | 1965 mean 'padmashri', 6 bar 'filmafeyar puraskar', 1 bar 'rashtriy film puraskar' |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| mukhy git | 'chaudahavian ka chaand ho', 'chhoo lene do najuk hothoan ko', 'dil ke jharokhe mean', 'khilauna janakar', 'yad na jae' adi. |
| any janakari | qarib 40 sal ke filmi gayan mean 25 hazar se adhik gane rik aaurd karavae. |
muhammad rafi (aangrezi: Mohammed Rafi; janm- 24 disambar, 1924, amritasar; mrityu- 31 julaee, 1980, muanbee) hindi sinema ke shreshthatam parshvagayakoan mean se ek the, jinhoanne qarib 40 sal ke filmi gayan mean 25 hazar se adhik gane rik aaurd karavae. apani avaz ki madhurata aur paras ki adhikata ke lie inhoanne apane samakalin gayakoan ke bich alag pahachan banaee thi. inhean 'shahanshah-e-tarannum' bhi kaha jata tha.
janm aur parivar
muhammad rafi ka janm 24 disambar, 1924 ko amritasar zila, panjab mean hua tha. rafi ne kam umr se hi sangit mean ruchi dikhani shuroo kar di thi. bachapan mean hi unaka parivar gram se lahaur a gaya tha. rafi ke b de bhaee unake lie prerana ke pramukh srot the. rafi ke b de bhaee ki amritasar mean naee ki dukan thi aur rafi bachapan mean isi dukan par akar baithate the. unaki dukan par ek fakir roj akar soofi gane sunata tha. sat sal ke rafi sahab ko us fakir ki avaz itani bhane lagi ki ve din bhar us fakir ka pichha kar usake gae git suna karate the. jab fakir apana gana band kar khana khane ya aram karane chala jata to rafi usaki nakal kar gane ki koshish kiya karate the. ve us fakir ke gae git usi ki avaz mean gane mean itane mashagool ho jate the ki unako pata hi nahian chalata tha ki unake asapas logoan ki bhi d kh di ho gee hai. koee jab unaki dukan mean bal katane ata to sat sal ke muhammad rafi se ek gane ki pharamaeesh jarur karata.
vivah
muhammad rafi ne begam viqalis se vivah kiya tha, aur unaki sat santane hueean, jinamean char bete tatha tin betiyaan haian.
sarvajanik pradarshan
qarib 15 varsh ki umr mean unhean sanyogavash sarvajanik pradarshan ka mauqa mila, jo unake jivan mean mahattvapoorn mo d sabit hua. shrotaoan mean prasiddh sangitakar shyam sundar bhi the, jinhoanne rafi ki pratibha se prabhavit hokar unhean filmoan mean gane ke lie banbee (vartaman muanbee) bulaya.
pahala git
rafi ne apana pahala gana panjabi film 'gul baloch' ke lie gaya. banbee mean unhoanne hindi mean shuruati git 'gaanv ki gori' (1945), 'samaj ko badal dalo' (1947) aur 'juganoo' (1947) jaisi filmoan ke lie gae. sangitakar naushad ne honahar gayak ki kshamata ko pahachana aur film 'anamol gh di' (1946) mean rafi se pahali bar ekal gana 'tera khilauna toota balak' aur phir film 'dillagi' (1949) mean 'is duniya mean ae dilavaloan' gana gavaya, jo bahut saphal siddh hue.
any git
bad ke varshoan mean rafi ki maang behad badh gee. vah tatkalin shirsh sitaroan ki sunahari avaz the. unaka mahanatam gun parde par unake gane par hoanth hilane vale abhineta ke vyaktitv ke anuroop apani avaz ko dhalane ki kshamata thi. is prakar 'lidar' (1964) mean 'tere husn ki kya tarif karoo' gate samay vah roomani dilip kumar the, 'pyasa' (1957) mean 'ye duniya agar mil bhi jae, to kya hai' jaise ganoan mean gurudatt ki atma the, film 'jangali' (1961) mean 'ya hoo' gate hue adamy shammi kapoor the aur yahaan tak ki 'pyasa' mean tel malish ki peshakash karane vale shararati j aauni v aaukar bhi the. hindi film ke pramukh samakalin parshv gayakoan ke sath unake yugal git bhi utane hi yadagar aur lokapriy haian.
shanadar gayaki
rafi ki shanadar gayaki ne kee gitoan ko amar bana diya, jinamean vibhinn manobhavoan aur shailiyoan ki jhalak hai. unake gitoan ke khazane mean film 'kohinoor' (1907) ka 'madhuban mean radhika nache re' aur 'baijoo bavara' (1952) ka 'o duniya ke rakhavale' jaise shastriy git; film 'dulari' (1949) ki 'suhani rat dhal chuki' tatha 'chaudahavian ka chaand' (1960) jaisi gazalean; 1965 ki film 'sikandar-e-azam' se 'jahaan dal-dal par', 'haqiqat' (1964) se 'kar chale ham fida' tatha 'lidar' (1964) se 'apani azadi ko ham jaise atma ko jhakajhorane vale' deshabhakti git; aur 'tisari manzil' (1964) ka 'r aauk aiand rol' se prabhavit 'aja-aja maian hooan pyar tera' jaise halke-phulke gane shamil haian. unhoanne aantim gana 1980 ki film 'asapas' ke lie 'too kahian asapas hai ai dost' gaya tha.
moharram mean kam band
[[chitr:Lata-with-Mohdrafi-and-Jaikishan.jpg|250px|thumb|lata mangeshakar aur jayakishan ke sath mo. rafi ]] muhammad rafi moharram ki das tarikh tak gana nahian gate the. ramazan mean bhi gana to band nahian karate the, lekin rik aaurdiang dopahar se pahale kar liya karate the. muhammad rafi pakke mazahabi the. namaz ke sath doosare arakan ke lie vo vaqt nikal lete the.
avaz ki visheshata
mohammad rafi ki avaz mean adbhut vistar tha, jisaka sangitakaroan ne bakhoobi istemal kiya. poori tin pidhiyoan tak apani avaz dene vale mohammad rafi ka kahana tha ki- "avaz to khuda ki den hai." unaki bat bilkul sahi hai. qarib 25 kalakaroan ko apani avaz dene vale mohammad rafi ke git sunate hi log jan jate the ki yah git kis par filmaya gaya hoga. phir chahe ve gurudatt hoan, shammi kapoor hoan ya phir j aauni v aaukar hoan. in sabhi kalakaroan ke lie unaki avaz mean ek vishesh tarah ki loch hoti thi, jo unhean us kalakar se jo d deti thi. ise mimikri kadapi nahian kaha ja sakata. yah to unaki svabhavikata thi, jo har tarah ke kalakar ke lie apani avaz ko dhal lete the.[1]
udar hriday
muhammad rafi udar hriday ke vyakti the. koee kabhi unake pas se khali hath nahian jata tha. apane shuruati dinoan mean sangitakar jo di lakshmikaant-pyarelal ke lie unhoanne namamatr ka mehanatana liya taki yah jo di filmi duniya mean jam sake. ganoan ki r aauyalti ko lekar bhi unaka ek ajab aur udar ravaiya tha. isako lekar unaka lata mangeshakar se vivad bhi ho gaya tha. lata mangeshakar ka kahana tha ki gana gane ke bad bhi un ganoan se hone vali amadani ki rayalti gayakoan-gayikaoan ko milana chahie. magar usool ke pakke rafi sahab isake ekadam khilaf the ve manate the ki ek bar gane rik aaurd ho ge aur gayak-gayikaoan ko unaka paisa milate hi bat khatm ho jati hai. is bat ko lekar donoan mean vivad itana badha ki donoan ne ek sath git nahian gae. bad mean naragis ki pahal par donoan ka vivad sulajha aur donoan ne ek sath film 'jvail thiph' mean 'dil pukare' git gaya.
samman aur puraskar
[[chitr:Mohd-rafi-praithvi-raj-kapoor.jpg|thumb|250px|prithviraj kapoor ke sath apane janm din ke avasar par mo. rafi ]] bharat sarakar ne rafi ko 1965 mean padmashri se sammanit kiya tha. rafi sahab 23 bar filmafeyar puraskaroan ke lie namit hue, jinamean 6 bar unhean yah puraskar mila. rafi sahab ko mile namaankan filmafeyar puraskaroan ki soochi:-
| varsh | git (gana) aur film ka nam | namit / vijit |
|---|---|---|
| 1960 | chaudahavian ka chaand ho (film - chaudahavian ka chaand) | vijit |
| 1961 | husn vale tera javab nahian (film - gharana) | namit |
| 1961 | teri pyari pyari soorat ko (film - sasural) | vijit |
| 1962 | ai gulabadan (film - profesar) | namit |
| 1963 | mere mahaboob tujhe meri muhabbat ki qasam (film - mere mahaboob) | namit |
| 1964 | chahooanga mean tujhe (film - dosti) | vijit |
| 1965 | chhoo lene do najuk hothoan ko (film - kajal) | namit |
| 1966 | baharoan phool barasao (film - sooraj) | vijit |
| 1968 | maian gaooan tum so jao (film - brahmachari) | namit |
| 1968 | babul ki duaean leti ja (film - nilakamal) | namit |
| 1968 | dil ke jharokhe mean (film - brahmachari) | vijit |
| 1969 | b di mushkil hai (film - jine ki rah) | namit |
| 1970 | khilauna janakar tum to, mera dil to d jate ho (film -khilauna) | namit |
| 1973 | hamako to jan se pyari hai (film - naina) | namit |
| 1974 | achchha hi hua dil toot gaya (film - maan bahan aur bivi) | namit |
| 1977 | parada hai parada (film - amar akabar eanthani) | namit |
| 1977 | kya hua tera vada (film - ham kisi se kam nahian) | vijit |
| 1978 | adami musafir hai (film - apanapan) | namit |
| 1979 | chalo re doli uthao kahar (film - jani dushman) | namit |
| 1979 | mere dost qissa ye (film - dostana) | namit |
| 1980 | dard-e-dil, dard-e-zigar (film - karj) | namit |
| 1980 | maine poochha chaand se (film - abdulla) | namit |
[[chitr:Mohammed-Rafi-Google-Doodle.jpg|thumb|250px|muhammad rafi par jari googal doodal (24 disambar, 2017)]]
nidhan
rafi sahab ka nidhan 31 julaee, 1980 ko hua.
googal doodal
avaz ki duniya ke betaj badashah mohammad rafi ka 24 disambar, 2017 ko 93vaan janmadin hai. unake janmadin ke mauke par googal ne apana khas doodal banakar unhean samarpit kiya hai. hindi sinema ke behatarin gayak mohammad rafi ke liye ye doodal muanbee mean rahane vale ilestryootar sajid shekh ne banaya hai. is doodal mean rafi sahab ko stoodiyo mean kisi gane ki rik aaurdiang karate dikhaya gaya hai, jabaki doosari taraf parde par use abhinetri tatha abhineta dohara rahe haian.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ avaz ka jadoo chal gaya (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 16 disambar, 2012.
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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