मुहर्रम

[[chitr:Muharram-Tazia.jpg|thumb|250px|taziya, muharram, uttar pradesh
Tazia, Muharram, Uttar Pradesh]] muharram athava moharram hijari sanvat ka pratham mas hai. paigambar muhammad sahab ke navase imam husain evan unake sathiyoan ki shahadat ki yad mean muharram manaya jata hai. muharram ek mahina hai jisamean das din imam, husain ke shok mean manaye jate haian. isi mahine mean musalamanoan ke adaraniy paigambar hazarat muhammad sahab mustapha sallahoan alaih v alahi vasallam ne pavitr makka se pavitr nagar madina mean hizarat kiya tha. muharram koee tyohar nahian hai, yah sirph islami hijari sanh ka pahala mahina hai. poori islami duniya mean muharram ki nau aur das tarikh ko musalaman roze rakhate haian aur masjidoan-gharoan mean ibadat ki jati hai.

itihas

rasool mohammad sahab ki vafat ke lagabhag 50 varsh bad islami duniya mean aisa ghor atyachar ka samay aya jabaki sanh 60 hijari mean hamid maviy ke putr yazid raj sianhasan par baithe. unhoanne sianhasan par baithakar madina ke rajyapal valid putr atuva ko pharaman likha ki tum imam husain ko bulakar kaho ki vah meri ajnaoan ka palan karean aur islam dharm ke siddhaantoan ko dhyan mean n layean. yadi vah yah pharaman n mane to imam husain ka sir kat kar mere pas bheja jaye. valid putr atuva (rajyapal) ne 25 ya 26 rajab sanh 60 hijari ko ratri ke samay hazarat imam husain ko rajabhavan mean bulaya aur unakoan yajid ka pharaman sunaya. imam husain jo us samay quran sharif aur mohammad sahib ki viram ke varis the, vah is bat ko kaise sahan kar sakate the ki allah ke siddhaant aur rasool sahab ka pharaman duniya se mit jaye. unhoanne valid se kaha ki maian ek vyabhichari, bhrashtachari, dusht vicharadhara vale, atyachari khuda rasool ko n manane vale, yajid ki ajnaoan ka palan nahian kar sakata. tatpashchath imam husain sahab makka sharif pahuanche taki haj ki pavitr pratha ko poora kar sakean kiantu vahaan par bhi imam husain sahab ko kisi prakar chain nahian lene diya gaya. sham ke badashah yajid ne apane sainikoan ko yatriyoan ke bhesh mean bheja taki ve husain ko katl kar sakean.

umara

hazarat imam husain ko pata chal gaya ki yajid ne gupt roop se sainikoan ko mujhe katl karane ke lie bheja hai. makka ek aisa pavitr sthan hai ki jahaan par kisi bhi prakar ki hatya haram hai. yah islam ka ek siddhaant hai. isi bat ko madde-nazar rakhate hue ki makke mean kisi prakar ka khoon-kharaba n ho, imam husain ne haj ki ek up-pratha jisako islamik roop se umara kahate haian, ada kiya hazarat husain us b de haj ko chhota aur ada karake apane parivar sahit irak ki or chale gaye. yahaan par yah vyakhya karana bahut avashyak hai ki imam husain ne apane chachajad bhaee muslim ko irak ke hal janane ke lie apana doot banakar bheja tha. isi yatra ke dauran imam husain ko pata chala ki irak ke atyachari rajyapal ibanejyad ne us doot ko katl kar diya. imam husain ko yah sunakar bahut sadama hua. kiantu unhoanne apani yatra sthagit nahian ki kyoanki is yatra ka lakshy keval manav dharm arthat islam ki raksha karana tha.

imam husain ki karbala yatra

muharram mas ki 2 tarikh sanh 61 hijari ko imam husain apane parivar aur mitroan sahit karbala ki bhoomi par pahuanche aur 9 tarikh tak yajid ki sena ko islamik siddhaantoan ko samajhaya. unhoanne kaha, "ki logoan, maian hazarat mohammad sahab ka dhevata hooan. rasool ne mujhe apane kandhoan par bithaya hai. maian ali ka beta aur bibi fatima ka putr hooan. tum log mere katl par kyoan amada ho. is gunah se baj a jaoan, iansan ko iansan samajhoan, kisi par atyachar n karoan quran sharif ke siddhaantoan ka palan karoan, khuda se daro, yah sansar manavata ka sansar hai. har ek ke sath bhala karo. aur achchhe-bure har ek masale mean khuda nirnayak hai jo jaisa karm karega vah vaisa hi phal payega."

asur ki rat

[[chitr:Muharram.jpg|thumb|250px|left|muharram, khanbhat
Muharram, Khambhat]] hazarat imam husain ki in batoan ka yajid ki fauj par koee asar nahian hua kyoanki vah sab atyachar aur kapat se andhe ho chuke the. jab vah kisi prakar bhi nahian mane to hazarat imam husain ne kaha ki tum mujhe ek rat ki mohalat de do taki maian us sarv shaktiman eeshvar ki ibadat kar sakooan. yajid ki faujoan ne kisi prakar imam husain sahab ko ek rat ki mohalat de di. us rat ko asur ki rat kaha jata hai. hazarat imam husain sahab ne us poori rat apane parivar valoan tatha sathiyoan ke sath allah ki ibadat ki. muharram ki 10 tarikh ko subah hi yajid ke senapati umar bil sad ne yah kahakar ek tir chho da ki gavah rahe sabase pahale tir maianne chalaya hai. tatpashchath l daee arambh ho gee. subah namaz se asar tak (lagabhag char-sadhe char baje tak) imam husain ke sab sathi jang mean mare gaye. imam husain maidan mean akele rah gaye. unhoanne tin din tak bhookhe-pyase rahakar avaz lagaee ki maian rasool ka navasa karbala mean avaz de raha hooan ki koee hai jo islam ki madad kare. hazarat imam husain yah kah rahe the. ki unamean kheme mean shor hua. imam sahab kheme mean gaye to kya dekha ki unaka 6 mahine ka bachcha ali asagar pyas se behal hai. hazarat imam husain ne ne apane bachche ko apane hathoan mean utha liya aur maidane karbala mean le aye.

hazarat imam husain sahib ne yajid ki faujoan se kaha ki bachche ko tho da-sa pani pila do kiantu yajid ki faujoan ki taraph se ek tir aya aur bachche ke gale par laga aur bachche ne bap ke hathoan mean t dap kar dam to d diya. tatpashchath hazarat imam husain par jo zulm hua usaka kisi prakar bhi shabdoan mean varnan nahian ho sakata. unhoanne tin din se bhookhe-pyase hazarat imam husain sahab ko katl kar diya. unako katl karane ke bad unake kheme mean ag laga di aur hazarat imam husain ke parivar valoan tatha bachchoan ko kaidi bana liya. phir unakoan irak ke rajyapal ibnejad ke pas le jaya gaya. dusht, bhasht aur nastik ibnejad ne is qaphile ko sham ke badashah yajid ke pas bhej diya.

badashah yajid

badashah yajid jo islam ka dushman tha aur hazarat mohammad sahab ka majak u data tha vah is qaphile ko is halat mean dekhakar bahut khush hua, kiantu kuchh dinoan ke bad hi atyachari yajid ki badashahat khatm ho gee aur vah buri maut mara. hazarat inam husain ne islam par tatha manavata par apani jan kurban ki jo amar hai. husain sahab par julm karane vale koee gair nahian the balki vahi the jo apane apako musalaman samajhate the. islam aj bhi zianda hai, quran sharif aj bhi baki hai, roja, nupash ab bhi aisi hi hai aur age bhi raheange. yah sab kuchh husain sahab ki kamaee hai.

mahattv

muharram matam manane aur dharm ki raksha karane vale hajarat imam husain ki shahadat ko yad karane ka din hai. is mahine mean musalaman shok manate haian aur apani khushi ka tyad karate haian. manyataoan ke amusar badashah yajid ne apani satta kayam karane ke lie husain aur unake parivar valoan par julm kiya aur 10 muharram ko unhean bedardi se maut ke ghat utar diya. darasal husain ka makasad tha khud ko mitakar bhi islam aur iansaniyat ko hamesha jianda rakhana. yah dharm yuddh itihas ke panh‍noan par hamesha-hamesha ke lie darj ho gaya.

kaise manaya jata hai muharram

muharram khushiyoan ka th‍yohar nahian balh‍ki matam aur aansoo bahane ka mahina hai. shiya samuday ke log 10 muharram ke din kale kap de pahanakar husain aur unake parivar ki shahadat ko yad karate haian. husain ki shahadat ko yad karate hue s dakoan par juloos nikala jata hai aur matam manaya jata hai. muharram ki nau aur 10 tarikh ko musalaman roje rakhate haian aur masjidoan-gharoan mean ibadat ki jati hai. vahian sunh‍ni samuday ke log muharram ke mahine mean 10 din tak roje rakhate haian. kaha jata hai ki muharram ke ek roje ka sabab 30 rojoan ke barabar milata hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

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shodh

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bahari k diyaan

• lakhanoo ka 'shahi muharram'
• muharram par tajiyoan ki jiyarat

sanbandhit lekh

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