सुखदेव हिन्दी देवनागरी में पढ़ें।
sukhadev
| |
poora nam | sukhadev thapar |
janm | 15 mee, 1907 |
janm bhoomi | ludhiyana, pnjab |
mrityu | 23 march, 1931 |
mrityu sthan | sentral jel, lahaur |
mrityu karan | phansi |
abhibhavak | ramalal thapar, ralla devi |
nagarikata | bharatiy |
prasiddhi | krantikari |
jel yatra | 15 aprail, 1929 |
vidyalay | sanatan dharm haeeskool, layalapur; neshanal kalej, lahaur |
snbndhit lekh | bhagat sinh, rajaguru |
any janakari | varsh 1926 men lahaur men 'naujavan bharat sabha' ka gathan hua. isake mukhy yojak sukhadev, bhagat sinh, yashapal, bhagavati charan v jayachandr vidyalnkar the. |
sukhadev (angrezi:Sukhdev, janm- 15 mee, 1907, pnjab; balidan- 23 march, 1931, sentral jel, lahaur) ko bharat ke un prasiddh krantikariyon aur balidaniyon men gina jata hai, jinhonne alpayu men hi desh ke lie balidan diya. sukhadev ka poora nam 'sukhadev thapar' tha. desh ke aur do any krantikariyon- bhagat sinh aur rajaguru ke sath unaka nam joda jata hai. ye tinon hi deshabhakt krantikari apas men achchhe mitr aur desh ki ajadi ke lie apana sarvatr nyauchhavar kar dene valon men se the. 23 march, 1931 ko bharat ke in tinon vir naujavanon ko ek sath fansi di gee.
janm tatha parivar
sukhadev ka janm 15 mee, 1907 ko gopara, ludhiyana, pnjab men hua tha. unake pita ka nam ramalal thapar tha, jo apane vyavasay ke karan layalapur (vartaman phaisalabad, pakistan) men rahate the. inaki mata ralla devi dharmik vicharon ki mahila thin. durbhagy se jab sukhadev tin varsh ke the, tabhi inake pitaji ka dehant ho gaya. inaka lalan-palan inake taoo lala achint ram ne kiya. ve ary samaj se prabhavit the tatha samaj seva v deshabhaktipoorn karyon men agrasar rahate the. isaka prabhav balak sukhadev par bhi pada. jab bachche gali-mohalle men sham ko khelate to sukhadev asprishy kahe jane vale bachchon ko shiksha pradan karate the.
bhagat sinh se mitrata
san 1919 men hue jaliyanvala bag ke bhishan narasnhar ke karan desh men bhay tatha uttejana ka vatavaran ban gaya tha. is samay sukhadev 12 varsh ke the. pnjab ke pramukh nagaron men marshal laau laga diya gaya tha. skoolon tatha kalejon men tainat british adhikariyon ko bharatiy chhatron ko 'sailyoot' karana padata tha. lekin sukhadev ne dridhatapoorvak aisa karane se mana kar diya, jis karan unhen mar bhi khani padi. layalapur ke sanatan dharm haeeskool se maitrik pas kar sukhadev ne lahaur ke neshanal kalej men pravesh liya. yahan par sukhadev ki bhagat sinh se bhent huee. donon ek hi rah ke pathik the, at: shighr hi donon ka parichay gahari dosti men badal gaya. donon hi atyadhik kushagr aur desh ki tatkalin samasyaon par vichar karane vale the. in donon ke itihas ke pradhyapak 'jayachandr vidyalnkar' the, jo ki itihas ko badi deshabhaktipoorn bhavana se padhate the. vidyalay ke prabndhak bhaee paramanand bhi jane-mane krantikari the. ve bhi samay-samay par vidyalayon men rashtriy chetana jagrit karate the. yah vidyalay desh ke pramukh vidvanon ke ekatrit hone ka kendr tha tatha unake bhi yahan bhashan hote rahate the.
krantikari jivan
varsh 1926 men lahaur men 'naujavan bharat sabha' ka gathan hua. isake mukhy yojak sukhadev, bhagat sinh, yashapal, bhagavati charan v jayachandr vidyalnkar the. 'asahayog andolan' ki viphalata ke pashchath 'naujavan bharat sabha' ne desh ke navayuvakon ka dhyan akrisht kiya. prarambh men inake karyakram nautik, sahityik tatha samajik vicharon par vichar goshthiyan karana, svadeshi vastuon, desh ki ekata, sada jivan, sharirik vyayam tatha bharatiy snskriti tatha sabhyata par vichar adi karana tha. isake pratyek sadasy ko shapath leni hoti thi ki vah desh ke hiton ko sarvopari sthan dega.[1] parantu kuchh matabhedon ke karan isaki adhik gatividhi n ho saki. aprail, 1928 men isaka punargathan hua tatha isaka nam 'naujavan bharat sabha' hi rakha gaya tatha isaka kendr amritasar banaya gaya.
kenndriy samiti ka nirman
sitambar, 1928 men hi dilli ke firojashah kotala ke khandahar men uttar bharat ke pramukh krantikariyon ki ek gupt baithak huee. isamen ek kenndriy samiti ka nirman hua. sngathan ka nam 'hindustan soshalist ripablikan armi' rakha gaya. sukhadev ko pnjab ke sngathan ka uttaradayitv diya gaya. sukhadev ke param mitr shiv varma, jo pyar men unhen 'vilejar' kahate the, ke anusar bhagat sinh dal ke rajanitik neta the aur sukhadev sngathanakarta, ve ek-ek eent rakhakar imarat khadi karane vale the. ve pratyek sahayogi ki chhoti se chhoti avashyakata ka bhi poora dhyan rakhate the. is dal men any pramukh vyakt the-
kushal rananitikar
'saiman kamishan' ke bharat ane par har or usaka tivr virodh hua. pnjab men isaka netritv lala lajapat ray kar rahe the. 30 aktoobar ko lahaur men ek vishal juloos ka netritv karate samay vahan ke dipti suparitendent skart ke kahane par sandars ne lathicharj kiya, jisamen lalaji ghayal ho ge. pnjab men is par tikhi pratikriya huee. 17 navambar, 1928 ko lala ji ka dehant ho gaya. unake shok men sthan-sthan par sabhaon ka ayojan kiya gaya. sukhadev aur bhagat sinh ne ek shok sabha men badala lene ka nishchay kiya. ek mahine bad hi skart ko marane ki yojana thi, parantu galati se usaki jagah sandars mara gaya. is sari yojana ke sootradhar sukhadev hi the. vastut: sandars ki hatya chitarnjan das ki vidhava basanti devi ke kathan ka sidha uttar tha, jisamen unhonne kaha tha, "kya desh men koee yuvak nahin raha?" sandars ki hatya ke agale hi din angrezi men ek patrak banta gaya, jisaka bhav tha "lala lajapat ray ki hatya ka badala le kiya gaya."
giraphtari
8 aprail, 1929 ko bhagat sinh v batukeshvar datt ne british sarakar ke bahare kanon men avaz pahunchane ke lie dilli men kendriy asembali men bam phenkakar dhamaka kiya. svabhavik roop se charon or giraphtari ka daur shuroo hua. lahaur men ek bam banane ki phaiktri pakadi gee, jisake phalasvaroop 15 aprail, 1929 ko sukhadev, kishori lal tatha any krantikari bhi pakade ge. sukhadev chehare-mohare se jitane saral lagate the, utane hi vicharon se dridh v anushasit the. unaka gandhi ji ki ahinsak niti par jara bhi bharosa nahin tha. unhonne apane taooji ko kee patr jel se likhe. isake sath hi mahatma gandhi ko jel se likha unaka patr aitihasik dastavej hai, jo n keval desh ki tatkalin sthiti ka vivechan karata hai, balki kangres ki manasikata ko bhi darshata hai. us samay gandhi ji ahinsa ki duhaee dekar krantikari gatividhiyon ki ninda karate the. is par kataksh karate hue sukhadev ne likha, "matr bhavukata ke adhar par ki gee apilon ka krantikari sngharshon men koee adhik mahatv nahin hota aur n hi ho sakata hai."
sachche rashtravadi
sukhadev ne tatkalin paristhitiyon par gandhi ji ek patr men likha, 'apane apane samajhaute ke bad apana andolan (savinay avgya andolan) vapas le liya hai aur phalasvaroop apake sabhi bndiyon ko riha kar diya gaya hai, par krantikari bndiyon ka kya hua? 1915 se jelon men bnd gadar parti ke darjanon krantikari ab tak vahin sad rahe hain. bavajood is bat ke ki ve apani saja poori kar chuke hain. marshal laau ke tahat bandi banae ge anek log ab tak jivit daphanae ge se pade hain. babbar akaliyon ka bhi yahi hal hai. devagadh, kakori, mahua bazar aur lahaur shadyntr kes ke bndi bhi any bndiyon ke sath jelon men bnd hai...... ek darjan se adhik bandi sachamuch phansi ke phndon ke intajar men hain. in sabake bare men kya hua?" sukhadev ne yah bhi likha, bhavukata ke adhar par aisi apilen karana, jinase unamen past-himmati phaile, nitant avivekapoorn aur kranti virodhi kam hai. yah to krantikariyon ko kuchalane men sidhe sarakar ki sahayata karana hoga.' sukhadev ne yah patr apane karavas ke kal men likha. gandhi ji ne is patr ko unake balidan ke ek mas bad 23 aprail, 1931 ko 'yng indiya' men chhapa.
balidan
british sarakar ne sukhadev, bhagat sinh aur rajaguru par mukadame ka natak racha. 23 march, 1931 ko unhen 'lahaur sentral jel' men phansi de di gee. deshavyapi rosh ke bhay se jel ke niyamon ko todakar sham ko sadhe sat baje in tinon krantikariyon ko phansi par latakaya gaya. bhagat sinh aur sukhadev donon ek hi san men paida hue aur ek sath hi apana balidan de gaye.
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tika tippani aur sndarbh
- ↑ dekhen bharat sarakar ke gupt dastavej 1930, phaeel 130