उत्तर प्रदेश

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uttar pradesh
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rajadhani	lakhanoo
rajabhasha(ean)	hiandi aur urdoo
sthapana	12 janavari 1950
janasankhya	166,052,859
· ghanatv	689 /varg kimi
kshetraphal	240928 km²
jalavayu	ushnadeshiy manasoon
tapaman	31 °C
· grishm	46 °C
· sharad	5°C
mandal	18
zile	71
sabase b da nagar	kanapur
mahanagar	kanapur
b de nagar	lakhanoo, ilahabad, agara, merath, varanasi(banaras), gaziyabad, kanapur
mukhy aitihasik sthal	varanasi, agara, ilahabad, kannauj, kushinagar, kaushambi, chitrakoot, jhaansi, phaijabad, merath,
mukhy paryatan sthal	mathura, vrindavan, agara, varanasi, ayodhh‍ya, chitrakoot, phatehapur sikari, saranath, shravash‍ti, kushinagar
mukhy dharm-sampraday	hihndoo, muslim, eesaee, baudhd, jain evan any evan any
liang anupat	1000:898 ♂/♀
saksharata	57.36%%
· stri	42.97%%
· purush	70.22%%
uchch nyayalay	ilahabad
rajyapal	bi. el. joshi
mukhyamantri	mayavati
neta virodhi dal	shivapal sianh yadav
vidhanasabha sadasy	404
vidhan parishad sadasy	100
lokasabha kshetr	80
bahari k diyaan	http://bharat.gov.in
adyatan‎	2010/03/25
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uttar pradesh / Uttar Pradesh

uttar pradesh bharat ka janasankhya ke adhar par sabase b da rajy hai. lakhanoo pradesh ki prashasanik rajadhani aur ilahabad nyayik rajadhani hai. uttar pradesh ke doosare mahattvapoorn nagar- agara, aligadh, ayodhya, bareli, merath, varanasi( banaras), gorakhapur, gaziyabad, muradabad, saharanapur, faizabad, kanapur haian. is rajy ke p dosi rajy haian - uttaraanchal, himachal pradesh, hariyana, dilli, rajasthan, madhy pradesh, chhattisagadh, jharakhand, bihar. uttar pradesh ki poorvottar disha mean nepal desh hai. uttar pradesh saghan abadi vale ganga aur yamuna ke maidan mean basa hai. lagabhag 16 karo d ki janasankhya ke sath uttar pradesh keval bharat hi nahian balki vishv ki sarvadhik abadi vala uparashtriy pradesh hai. samooche vishv ke sirph paanch rashtroan chin, bharat, sanyukt amarika, iandonishiya aur brazil ki janasankhya hi uttar-pradesh ki janasankhya se adhik hai. uttar pradesh ka bharatiy evan hindoo dharm ke itihas mean bahut yogadan hai. uttar pradesh adhunik itihas aur rajaniti ka sadaiv se kendr bindu raha hai. yahaan ke nivasiyoan ne svatantrata sangram andolan mean pramukh bhoomika nibhayi thi. ilahabad shahar mean vikhyat netaoan- motilal neharoo, purushottamadas tandan aur lalabahadur shastri adi pramukh netaoan ka ghar tha. yah shahar desh ke ath pradhanamantriyoan- javaharalal neharoo, iandira gaandhi, lalabahadur shastri, chau॰ charan sianh, vishvanath pratap sianh, chandrashekhar, rajiv gaandhi aur atal bihari vajapeyi ka chunav kshetr bhi raha hai. iandira gaandhi ke putr svargiy sanjay gaandhi ka chunav-kshetr bhi yahian tha aur ajakal bhoo॰poo॰ pradhanamantri sv॰ rajiv gaandhi ki patni soniya gaandhi bhi rayabareli se chunav l datian haian aur unake putr rahul gaandhi bhi amethi se chunav l date haian.

itihas

uttar pradesh ka itihas bahut prachin hai. uttar vaidik kal mean ise 'braharshi desh' ya 'madhh‍y desh' ke nam se jana jata tha. uttar pradesh vaidik kal mean kee mahan rrishi-muniyoan, jaise - bharadvaj, gautam, yajnavalh‍kh‍y, vasishh‍th, vishh‍vamitr aur valh‍miki adi ki tapobhoomi raha hai. kee pavitr push‍takoan ki rachana bhi yahian huee. bharat ke do mukhy mahakavh‍y ramayan aur mahabharat ki katha bhi yahian ki hai.

eesa poorv chhathi shatabh‍di mean uttar pradesh do ne dharmoan - jain aur bauddh ka vikas hua. buddh ne apana pratham upadesh saranath mean diya aur baudhd dharm ki shurooat ki. uttar pradesh ke hi kushinagar mean unh‍hoanne nirvan praph‍t kiya. uttar pradesh ke kee nagar jaise- ayodhh‍ya, prayag, varanasi aur mathura vidya adhh‍yayan ke lie prasiddh keandr the. madhh‍y kal mean uttar pradesh muslim shasakoan ke adhin ho gaya tha jisase hiandoo aur ish‍lam dharmoan ke pas ane se ek nee mili-juli sansh‍kriti ka vikas hua. tulasidas, sooradas, ramanand aur unake muslim shishh‍y kabir ke atirikt anh‍y kee sant purooshoan ne hinh‍di aur anh‍y bhashaoan ke vikas mean apana bahumooly yogadan diya.

uttar pradesh ka itihas lagabhag 4000 varsh purana hai, jab ary yahaan aye aur vaidik sabhyata ka arambh hua, tabhi se yahaan ka itihas milata hai. ary sindhu nadi aur sataluj nadi ke maidani bhagoan se yamuna nadi aur ganga nadi ke maidani bhag ki or badhe. inhoanne yamuna aur ganga ke maidani bhag aur ghaghara nadi kshetr ko apana ghar banaya. inhian aryoan ke nam par bharat desh ka nam 'aryavart' athava 'bharatavarsh' (bharat aryoan ke ek chakravarti raja the, jinake nam aur khyati se yah desh bharatavarsh ke nam se jana gaya) p da.

ramayan mean hinduoan ke bhagavan ramachandr ka prachin rajy kaushal isi kshetr mean tha, ayodhya kaushal rajy ki rajadhani thi. hindoo dharm ke anusar bhagavan vishnu ke athavean avatar bhagavan krishna ka janm uttar pradesh ke mathura shahar mean hua tha. vishv ke prachinatam nagaroan mean se ek mana jane vala varanasi shahar bhi isi pradesh mean hai. varanasi ke samip saranath ka stoop bhagavan buddh ke lie prasidhd hai. samay ke sath sath yah vishal kshetr chhote-chhote rajyoan mean vibhajit ho gaya aur gupt, maury aur kushan samrajyoan ka bhag ban gaya. 7vian shatabdi mean kannauj gupt samrajy ka pramukh kendr ban gaya tha.

pratham svatantrata sangram

san 1857 mean aangrezi phauj ke bharatiy sipahiyoan ne bagavat kar di thi. yah bagavat lagabhag ek varsh tak chali aur dhire dhire yah bagavat poore uttar bharat mean fail gayi. isi bagavat ko bharat ka pratham svatantrata sangram nam diya gaya. yah bagavat merath shahar se shuroo huee. jisaka karan aangrezoan dvara gay aur suar ki charbi se bane karatoos the. is bagavat ki vazah lard dalahauji ki rajy h dapane ki niti bhi thi. yah sangram mukhyatah dilli, lakhanoo, kanapur, jhaansi aur bareli mean l da gaya. is sangram mean jhaansi ki rani lakshmibaee, avadh ki begam hazarat mahal, bakht khan, nana saheb adi anek deshabhaktoan ne bhag liya.

uttar pradesh rajy ki bauddhik shreshh‍thata british shasan kal mean bhi bani rahi. san 1902 mean 'narth vest provins' ka nam badal kar 'yoonaitid provins aauph agara end avadh' kar diya gaya. sadharan bolachal ki bhasha mean ise 'yoo pi' kaha gaya. san 1920 mean pradesh ki rajadhani ko ilahabad ke sthan par lakhanoo bana diya gaya. pradesh ka uchch nyayalay ilahabad mean hi bana raha aur lakhanoo mean uchch nyayalay ki ek nyayapith shakha (haeekort baianch) sthapit ki gayi. bad mean 1935 mean isaka sankshipt nam 'sanyukh‍t praant' prachalit ho gaya. sh‍vatantrata prapti ke bad 12 janavari 1950 mean 'sanyukh‍t praant' ka nam badal kar ‘uttar pradesh’ rakha gaya. goviand vallabh pant is pradesh ke pratham mukhy mantri bane. aktoobar 1963 mean sucheta kripalani uttar pradesh aur bharat ki 'pratham mahila mukhyamantri' banian. san 2000 mean bharatiy sansad ne uttar-pradesh ke uttar pashchimi, poorvottar uttar pradesh ke mukhyatah paha di bhag gadhaval aur kumaooan mandal ko mila kar uttar pradesh ko vibhajit kar uttaraanchal rajy ka nirman kiya jisaka nam bad mean badal kar uttarakhand kar diya gaya hai.

krishi

uttar pradesh mean lagabhag 66 pratishat janasankhh‍ya ka mukhh‍y vh‍yavasay krishi hai. rajh‍y mean kul 167.50 lakh hekh‍teyar kshetr mean krishi kary kiya jata hai. san 2003 - 04 mean rajh‍y mean 255.67 lakh mitrik tan gehooan, 130.22 lakh mitrik tan chaval, 23.80 lakh mitrik tan dalean, 6.44 lakh mitrik tan tilahan aur 1127.54 lakh mitrik tan ganh‍ne ka uth‍padan kiya gaya tha. san 2003 - 04 mean kul 442.58 lakh mitrik tan khadyanh‍n ka uth‍padan hua.

udyog aur khanij

• varsh 2004 - 05 mean uttar pradesh mean kul 5,21,835 laghu udyog ikaiyaan thian jinamean lagabhag 5,131 karo d roopaye ki pooanji ka nivesh tha aur lagabhag 20,01,000 log kam kar rahe the. varsh 2004 - 05 mean rajh‍y mean lagabhag 45.51 lakh tan chini ka uth‍padan hua. uttar pradesh rajh‍y mean 68 kap da milean aur 32 atomobail ke karakhane haian, jinamean 5,740 karo d roopaye ki pooanji ka nivesh hai.
• san 2011 tak 'noeda pradhikaran' ke aantargat 102 sekh‍tar vikasit karane ki yojana chal rahi hai. is pradhikaran mean audyogik kshetr, avasiy kshetr, grup hausiang kshetr, avasiy bhavan, vh‍yavasayik parisanpattiyaan aur sansh‍thagat shiksha kshetr shamil haian. noeda aur gretar noeda ki bhaanti hi rajh‍y mean anh‍y sthanoan par audyogik kshetroan ko vikasit karane ke lie kary kiye ja rahe haian.
• saphtaveyar niryat ko protsahan dene ke lie kanapur mean s aauphtaveyar tekh‍nol aauji park banaya gaya hai. aise hi paanch anh‍y saphtaveyar park aur kholane ki yojana hai.
• sarvajanik kshetr mean choona path‍thar, maiganesait, koyala, r aauk phash‍phet, dolomait aur silikan ret ka khanan kiya jata hai. choona path‍thar, silika, maiganesait, phairophailait aur dayosh‍par ke uth‍padan ka adhikatar kary niji kshetr ke hathoan mean hai. sonabhadr meanek bada simeant sanyantr bhi haian.

sianchaee aur bijali

• 14 janavari, 2000 ko 'uttar pradesh rajh‍y bijali bord' ka punargathan karake 'uttar pradesh vidyut nigam', 'uttar pradesh rajh‍y vidyut uth‍padan' tatha 'uttar pradesh panabijali nigam' ko sh‍thapit kiya gaya hai.
• 2004 - 05 mean rajh‍y ki sianchaee kshamata badhakar 319.17 lakh hekh‍teyaratak karane ke lie 98,715 karo d roopaye ka nivesh kiya gaya hai.
• 'uttar pradesh rajh‍y bijali bord' ki sh‍thapana ke samay pan bijaligharoan aur tap bijaligharoan ki kul vidyut uth‍padan kshamata 2,635 megavat thi jo aj badhakar 4,621 megavat tak ho gee hai.

parivahan

uttar pradesh mean vikas ki dar badhane ke lie parivahan ki anek yojanaoan ko kriyanvit kiya ja raha hai-

s dakean

uth‍tar pradesh ke lok nirman vibhag dvara nirmit s dakoan ki kul lanbaee 1,18,946 kilomitar hai. isamean 3,869 kilamitar rashh‍triy rajamarg, 9,097 kilomitar praantiy rajamarg, 1,05,980 kilomitar anh‍y jila s dakean aur 72,931 kilomitar gramin s dakean haian.

relave marg

relave ka uttari netavark ka mukhh‍y jankh‍shan rajadhani lakhanoo hai. anh‍y mahath‍vapoorn rel jankh‍shan- agara, kanapur, ilahabad, mugalasaray, jhaansi, muradabad, varanasi, tooandala, gorakhapur, goanda, phaijabad, bareli aur sitapur haian.

uddayan vibhag

pradesh mean lakhanoo, kanapur, varanasi, ilahabad, agara, jhaansi, bareli, gajiyabad, gorakhapur, saharanapur aur rayabareli mean havaee adde haian.

th‍yohar

samay samay par sabhi dharmoan ke tyohar manaye jate haian-

• ilahabad mean prath‍yek barahavean varsh mean kuanbh ka mela ayojit kiya jata hai jo ki sanbhavat: duniya ka sabase b da mela hai.
• isake atirikt ilahabad mean prath‍yek 6 sal bad arddh kuanbh mele ka ayojan kiya jata hai.
• ilahabad mean hi prath‍yek varsh janavari mah mean magh mela bhi ayojit kiya jata hai, jahaan badi sankhh‍ya mean log sangam mean nahate haian.
• anh‍y meloan mean mathura, vrindavan v ayodhh‍ya mean anek parvoan ke mele aur jhoola mele lagate haian, jinamean prabhu ki pratimaoan ko sone evan chaandi ke jhooloan mean rakhakar jhulaya jata hai. ye jhoola mele lagabhag ek pakhavade tak chalate haian.
• kartik poornima ke avasar par ganga nadi mean dubaki lagana ath‍yant astha se paripoorn hai aur bahut hi pavitr mana jata hai aur isake lie gadhamukh‍teshh‍var, soroan, rajaghat, kakora, bithoor, kanapur, ilahabad, varanasi, aur ayodhh‍ya mean badi sankhh‍ya mean log ekatrit hote haian.
• agara jile ke bateshh‍var kash‍be mean pashuoan ka prasiddh mela lagata hai.
• barabanki jile ka deva mela muslim sant varis ali shah ke karan kafi prasiddh hai.
• isake atirikh‍t yahaan hiandoo tatha muslimoan ke sabhi pramukh th‍yoharoan ko poore rajh‍y mean harshollas ke sath manaya jata hai.

paryatan sh‍thal

uttar pradesh mean sabhi ke lie akarshan ki kee chijean haian.

• tajamahal, agara,
• prachin tirth sh‍thanoan mean varanasi, viandhh‍yachal, ayodhh‍ya, chitrakoot, prayag, naimisharanh‍y, mathura, vriandavan, deva shariph,
• phatehapur sikari mean shekh salim chishh‍ti ki daragah,
• saranath, shravasti, kushinagar, sankisa / basantapur (zila eta, uttar pradesh), kaanpil/ vartaman pharrookhabad , piparava aur kaushaanbi pramukh haian.
• agara, ayodhh‍ya, saranath, varanasi, lakhanoo, jhaansi, gorakhapur, jaunapur, kanh‍nauj, mahoba, devagadh, bithoor aur viandhh‍yachal hiandoo evan muslim vash‍tushilh‍p aur sansh‍kriti ke mahath‍vapoorn khajane se bhara haian.