दादा साहब फाल्के
dada sahab phalke
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| poora nam | dhundiraj goviand phalke |
| prasiddh nam | dada sahab phalke |
| janm | 30 aprail, 1870 |
| janm bhoomi | nasik, maharashtr |
| mrityu | 16 faravari, 1944 (umr- 73) |
| karm bhoomi | mumbee |
| karm-kshetr | film nirmata-nirdeshak, patakatha lekhak |
| mukhy filmean | 'raja harishchandr', 'lanka dahan', 'shri krishna janm', 'gangavataran', 'mohini bhasmasur' adi. |
| vidyalay | je.je. skool aauf art, mumbee |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| any janakari | dada sahab phalke ki sauanvian jayanti ke avasar par dada sahab phalke puraskar ki sthapana varsh 1969 mean ki gee thi. |
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dada sahab phalke (aangrezi: Dada Saheb Phalke, janm: 30 aprail, 1870; mrityu: 16 faravari, 1944) prasiddh film nirmata-nirdeshak evan patakatha lekhak the jo bharatiy sinema ke pitamah ki tarah mane jate haian. dada sahab phalke ki sauanvian jayanti ke avasar par dada sahab phalke puraskar ki sthapana varsh 1969 mean ki gee thi. dada sahab phalke puraskar bharatiy sinema ka sabase b da puraskar hai, jo ajivan yogadan ke lie bharat ki keandr sarakar ki or se diya jata hai.
jivan parichay
bharatiy film udyog ke pitamah dada sahab phalke ka poora nam 'dhundiraj goviand phalke' tha kiantu vah dada sahab phalke ke nam se prasiddh haian. dada sahab phalke ka janm 30 aprail, 1870 ko nasik ke nikat 'tryanbakeshvar' mean hua tha. unake pita sanskrit ke prakand pandit aur mumbee ke 'elaphianstan k aaulej' ke adhyapak the. at: inaki shiksha mumbee mean hi huee. vahaan unhoanne 'haee skool' ke bad 'je.je. skool aauf art' mean kala ki shiksha grahan ki. phir b dauda ke kalabhavan mean rahakar apani kala ka jnan badhaya.[[chitr:Dadasaheb-Phalke.jpg|thumb|left|dada sahab phalke ke samman mean jari dak tikat]]
karyakshetr
kuchh samay tak bharatiy puratatv sarvekshan vibhag mean kam karane ke bad unhoanne apana pritiang pres khola. pres ke lie nee mashinean kharidane ke lie ve jarmani bhi ge. unhoanne ek 'masik patrika' ka bhi prakashan kiya. parantu is sabase dada sahab phalke ko santosh nahian hua. sanh 1911 ki bat hai. dada sahab ko mumbee mean eesa masih ke jivan par bani ek film dekhane ka mauqa mila. vah mook filmoan ka zamana tha. dada sahab ne film ko dekhakar socha ki aisi filmean hamean apane desh ke mahapurushoan ke jivan par bhi banani chahie. yahian se unake jivan ki dhara badal gee. arambhik prayog karane ke bad ve landan ge aur vahaan par do mahine rahakar sinema ki takanik samajhi aur film nirman ka saman lekar bharat laute. tatpashchath 1912 mean ‘dadar’ (mumbee) mean ‘phalke film’ nam se apani film kampani arambh ki.
film nirman
phalke ke jivan mean film nirman se ju da rachanatmak mo d san 1910 ‘laeef af kraeest’ film ko dekhane ke bad aya, unhoanne yah film disanbar ke as-pas ‘vatasan’ hotal mean dekhi. vah film anubhav se bahut aandolit hue aur isake bad us samay ki aur bhi filmoan ko dekha. sinema ke bare mean adhik janakari hasil karane ke lie atyadhik shodh karane lage. is kram mean unhean aram ka kam samay mila, nirantar film dekhane, adhyayan aur khoj se phalke bimar pad ge. kaha jata hai ki bimari ke dauran bhi unhoanne apane prayog jari rakhate hue ‘matar ke paudhe’ ke vikas kalakram ka chhayaankan kar film bana di. kalaantar mean in anubhavoan ko film nirman mean lagaya. film banane ki mool prerana phalke ko ‘kraeest ka jivan’ dekhane mili, film ko dekhakar unake man mean vichar aya ki kya bharat mean bhi is tarz par film banaee ja sakati haian? film kala ko apana kar unhoanne prashn ka thos uttar diya. film us samay moolat: videshi upakram tha aur film banane ke anivary takanik us samay bharat mean upalabdh nahian thi, phalke sinema ke zaroori upakaran lane ke lie landan ge. landan mean unaki mulakat jane-mane nirmata aur ‘baeeskop’ patrika ke sampadak sesil hepavorth se huee, kaha jata hai ki phalke ko film samagri kharidane mean isi ne margadarshan kiya.[1]
bharatiy sinema ke pitamah
dhundiraj goviand phalke (dada sahab phalke) ne film nirman, nirdeshan, patakatha lekhan adi vividh kshetroan mean bharatiy sinema ko apana yogadan diya tha. unhean bharatiy sinema ka janak kaha jata hai. dada sahab phalke ne 3 mee 1913 ko banbee ke 'koroneshan thietar' mean 'raja harishchandr' namak apani pahali mook film darshakoan ko dikhaee thi. dada sahab phalke ne 1913 mean pahali mook film banaee thi. 20 varshoan mean unhoanne kul 95 filmean aur 26 laghu filmean banaee. dada sahab phalke ke film nirman ki khas bat yah hai ki unhoanne apani filmean banbee ke bajay nasik mean banaee. varsh 1913 mean unaki film 'bhasmasur mohini' mean pahali bar mahilaoan, durga gokhale aur kamala gokhale, ne mahila kiradar nibhaya. isase pahale purush hi mahila kiradar nibhate the. 1917 tak ve 23 filmean bana chuke the. unaki is saphalata se kuchh vyavasayi is udyog ki or akrisht hue aur dada sahab ki sajhedari mean ‘hindustan sinema kampani’ ki sthapana huee. dada sahab ne kul 125 filmoan ka nirman kiya. jisamean se tin-chauthaee unhian ki likhi aur nirdeshit thian. dada sahab ki aantim mook film 'setubandhan' 1932 thi, jise bad mean dab karake avaz di gee. us samay dab karana bhi ek shuruati prayog tha. dada sahab ne jo ekamatr bolati film banaee usaka nam 'gangavataran' hai.
'hindustan film kanpani' ki sthapana
raja harishchandr ki kamayabi ke bad phalke ne nasik jane ka nirnay liya. nasik mean akar falke ne agali film ‘mohani bhasmasur' aur ‘savitri-satyavan’ ka nirman kiya. 'mohani bhasmasur' mean pahali mahila kalakar durga khote aur kamala gokhale ne kam kiya. in filmoan ke hit hone se phalke lokapriy hue aur ab se harek film ke 20 print zari hone lage, us samay ki paristhitiyoan mean yah ek mahanh upalabdhi thi. in filmoan mean kushal takanik ke rup mean ‘speshal ifekt’ arthath vishesh prabhav ka rachanatmak prayog hua. ‘vishesh prabhav’ aur ‘trik fotografi’ ka prayog darshakoan ke akarshan ka karan bana, yah kraantikari pahal thi. falke tatkalin film upakaranoan ko lekar behad sajag rahe aur san 1914 mean phir se landan ge. landan se lautakar falke ne san 1917 mean nasik mean ‘hindustan film kanpani’ sthapit karate hue anek filmean banaee. apane yadagar safar ke 25 varshoan mean dada sahab ne raja harishchandr (1913), satyavan savitri (1914), lanka dahan (1917), shri krishna janm (1918), kaliya mardan (1919), kans vadh (1920), shakuantala (1920), sant tukaram (1921) aur bhakt gora (1923) samet 100 se jyada filmean banaee. falke par jarj melis ka spasht prabhav dekha gaya, unamean drishy nirman ki sulajhi huee sanvedana ke sath prashansaniy takaniki jnan bhi tha.[1]
pramukh filmean
[[chitr:Raja Harishchandra.jpg|thumb| film raja harishchandr ka ek drishy]]
- raja harishchandr (1913)
- mohini bhasmasur (1913)
- savitri satyavan (1914)
- lanka dahan (1917)
- shri krishna janm (1918)
- kaliya mardan (1919)
- kans vadh (1920)
- shakuantala (1920)
- sant tukaram (1921)
- bhakt gora (1923)
- setu bandhan (1932)
- gangavataran (1937)
film 'raja harishchandr'
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bharatiy sinema ke pitamah dada sahab phalke ne jab bharat ki pahali phichar film banane ke lie taiyari ki, to film ki nayika unake lie ganbhir samasya ban gee. sanh 1913 mean bani film 'raja harishchandr' mean 'taramati' ki vishesh bhoomika thi. phalke ki ichchha thi ki nayika ki bhoomika koee yuvati hi kare. isake lie pahale unhoanne natak mandali se ju di abhinetriyoan se bat ki, lekin ashchary ki bat to yah hai ki koee kaimare ke samane ane ko taiyar nahian huee. yahaan tak ki dada sahab ne hiroin ki khoj ke lie ishtahar bhi bantavae, lekin usaka bhi koee fayada nahian mila. jab taramati ki bhoomika ke lie aantat: koee kalakar nahian mila, to vivash ho phalke kothe valiyoan ke pas pahuanche. unase hiroin banane ka agrah kiya, lekin unhoanne bhi taka-sa javab de diya. harakar dada sahab ne phaisala kiya ki kisi purush se hi taramati ki bhoomika karaee jae aur usi pal se kalakar ki talash shuroo ho gee. tabhi ek din unhean ek eerani ke restaraan mean ek rasoiya najar aya. dada ne rasoiya se bat ki. kahane-sunane ke bad vah kam karane ke lie taiyar ho gaya, lekin dada phalke ki musibat abhi khatm nahian huee thi. darasal, riharsal ke bad jab shootiang ka samay aya, to nirmata nirdeshak phalke ne rasoiye se kaha - 'kal se shootiang kareange, tum apani mooanchhean saf karake ana.' dada ki yah bat sunakar rasoiya, jo hiroin ka rol karane vala tha, chauank gaya. unhoanne javab diya- 'maian mooanchhean kaise saf kara sakata hooan! mooanchhean to mard-maratha ki shan haian!' rasoiye ki batean sunakar dada phalke ne samajhaya, bhala mooanchh vali taramati kaise ho sakati hai? vah to nari hai aur nari ki koee mooanchh nahian hoti. phir mooanchh ka kya hai, shootiang poori hote hi rakh lena! kafi samajhane ke bad rasoiya mooanchh saf karane ke lie taiyar hua. vah rasoiya, jo bharat ki pahali 'phichar film' ki pahali hiroin ban raha tha, usaka nam 'saluanke' tha.[2]
samman aur puraskar
[[chitr:Dadasaheb Phalke Award.jpg|thumb|dada sahab phalke puraskar]] phalke shatabdi varsh 1969 mean bharatiy sinema ki or phalke ke abhootapoorv yogadan ke samman mean ‘dada sahab phalke samman’ shuru hua. rashtriy star ka yah sarvochch sine puraskar sinema mean ullekhaniy yogadan ke lie diya jata hai. unaki smriti mean yah puraskar prativarsh diya jata hai.
antim samay
san 1938 mean bharatiy sinema ne rajat jayanti poori ki. is avasar par chandulal shah aur satyamoorti ki adhyakshata mean samaroh ayojit hua, dada sahab phalke ko bulaya to avashy gaya kintu unhean kuchh vishesh nahian mila. samaroh mean upasthit ‘prabhat filmas’ ke shaantaram ne phalke ki arthik sahayata ki pahal ki pahal karate hue vahaan ae nirmataoan, nirdeshak, vitarakoan se dhanarashi jamakar phalke ko bhej diya. is rashi se nasik mean phalke ke lie ghar bana. unake jivan ke aantim din yahian bite.[1] 16 faravari, 1944 ko nasik mean 'dada sahab phalke' ka nidhan hua.
148vian jayanti par googal-doodal
thumb|dada sahab phalke ki 148vian jayanti par googal-doodal bharatiy sinema ke janak dhuandiraj goviand phalke ko googal ne unaki 148vian jayanti par (30 aprail, 2018 ko) doodal ke jarie yad kiya. dada sahab phalke ke nam se charchit bharatiy philm udyog ke is purodha ne desh mean pahali philm 'raja harishchandr' banaee thi. unaki yah philm 3 mee, 1913 ko rilij huee thi. yah ek mook philm thi jisamean lait, kaimara aur ekshan ka kamal aisa tha ki dekhane valoan ko avaz ki kami zyada khali nahian. dadasaheb phalke ki yad mean banae ge googal ke doodal mean yuva phalke ko shvet-shyam philm ki nigetiv ril hath mean lie hue dikhaya gaya hai. dijitalikaran ke maujooda daur mean nigetiv halaanki chalan se bahar ho gaya hai. googal ke anusar, aj ka doodal darshata hai ki yuva dada saheb bharatiy sinema ke itihas mean pahale daur ke kuchh ratnoan ko nirdesh de rahe haian. googal ke anusar, ek vidvan ke putr phalke ko kala, vividh vastuoan ke adhyayan, photographi, lithographi, arkitekchar, ianjiniyariang aur jadoogari mean gahari abhiruchi thi.[3]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 dada sahab phalke : sinema ke hastakshar (hiandi) samalochana (bl aaug). abhigaman tithi: 16 faravari, 2013.
- ↑ jab phalke ko hiroin nahian mili (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 2mee, 2011.
- ↑ dadasaheb phalke ki 148vian jayanti par googal ka doodal (hindi) d qyooant. abhigaman tithi: 1 mee, 2018.
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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