आलवार
alavar tamil bhasha ke is shabd ka vyutpattilabhy arth hai- adhyatm jnan ke samudr mean gota lagane vala vyakti. alavar vaishnav sampraday ke sant the, jinhoanne eesa ki satavian-athavi shatabdi mean dakshin bharat mean 'bhaktimarg' ka prachar kiya. inaka hriday narayan ki bhakti se aplavit tha aur ye lakshminarayan ke sachche upasak the. inake jivan ka ek hi uddeshy tha-vishnu ki pragadh bhakti mean svat: lin hona aur apane upadeshoan se doosare sadhakoan ko lin karana. inaki matribhasha tamil thi jisamean inhoanne sahasroan saras aur bhaktisnigdh padoan ki rachana kar samany janata ke hriday mean bhakti ki mandakini baha di. in santoan ka avirbhavakal saptam shatak aur dasham shatak ke aantargat mana jata hai. in alavaroan mean goda stri thi, kulashekhar keral ke raja the, jinhoanne rajapat chho dakar apana aantim samay shrirangam ke aradhyadev shriranganath ji ki upasana mean bitaya. inaka mukuandamala namak sanskrit stotr nitaant prakhyat hai. aandal alavar vishnuchitt ki poshy putri thi aur jivan bhar kaumary dharan kar vah ranganath ko hi apana priyatam manati rahi. use ham tamil desh ki mira kah sakate haian. donoan ke jivan mean ek prakar ki madhuryamayi nishtha tatha snehamay jivan is samata ka mukhy adhar hai. aur shesh bhaktoan mean kee achhoot tatha chori dakaiti kar jivanayapan karanevale vyakti bhi the.
any nam
alavaroan ke do prakar ke nam milate haian-ek tamil, doosare sanskrit nam. inaki stutiyoan ka sangrah nalayiraprabandhamh (4,000 pady) ke nam se vikhyat hai jo bhakti, jnan, prem sauandary tatha anand se otaprot adhyatmikata ki drishti se yah sangrah '"tamilaved"' ki sanjna se abhihit kiya jata hai.
shrivaishnav achary parashar bhatt ne in bhaktoan ke sanskrit namoan ka ekatr nirdesh is prakhyat pady mean kiya hai:
bhootan sarashch mahadahvay-bhattanath-
shribhaktisar-kulashekhar-yogivahanh.
bhaktaanghraren-parakal-yatiandramishranh
shrimatparaankushamunian pranatoasmi nityamh..
alavaroan ke donoan prakar ke nam haian-(1) saroyogi (poyagaialavar), (2) bhootayogi (bhootattalavar), (3) mahatyogi (pey alavar), (4) bhaktasagar (tirumadisai alavar), (5) shathakop ya paraankush muni (namm alavar), (6) madhur kavi, (7) kulashekhar, (8) vishnuchitt (pari alavar), (9) goda ya ranganayaki (aandal), (10) vipranarayan ya bhaktapadarenu (toandar dippoli), (11) yogavah ya munivahan (tiruppan), (12) parakal ya nilanh (tirumangaiyalavar).[1]
dharm rakshak
jab kabhi bhi bharat mean videshiyoan ke prabhav se dharm ke lie khatara utpann hua, tab-tab anek santoan ne lok manas mean dharm ki pavitr dhara bahakar usaki raksha karane ka prayatn kiya. dakshin bharat ke alavar santoan ki bhi yahi bhoomika rahi hai. 'alavar' ka arth hota hai ki "jisane adhyatm-jnan roopi samudr mean gota lagaya ho." alavar sant 'gita' ki sajiv moorti the. ve upanishadoan ke upadesh ke jite jagate udaharan the.[2]
sankhya
alavar vishnu bhaktoan ki sankhya paryapt roop se adhik thi, parantu unamean se 12 bhakt hi pradhan aur mahatvapoorn mane jate haian. in santoan mean nathamuni, yamunachary aur ramanujachary adi pramukh the. ramanuj ne 'vishishtadvait siddhant' ka pratipadan kiya tha, jo shankarachary ke 'advaitavad' ka sanshodhit roop tha.
rachanaean
alavar santoan mean pratham tinoan vyakti atyant prachin aur samakalin mane jate haian. inake banae 300 bhajan milate haian jinhean shrivaishnav log rrigved ka sar manate haian. achary shatakop apani vipul rachana, pavitr charitr tatha kathin tapasya ke karan alavaroan mean vishesh prakhyat haian. inaki ye charoan kritiyaan shrutiyoan ke samakaksh adhyatmamayi tatha pavan mani jati haian : (k) tiruviruttamh, (kh) tiruvashiriyamh, (g) periy tiruvantati tatha (gh) tiruvayamoli. vedaantadeshik (1269 ee.-1369 ee.) jaise prakhyat achary ne aantim granth ka upanishadoan ke saman goodh tatha rahasyamay hone se 'dravidopanishath', nam diya hai aur usaka sanskrit mean anuvad bhi kiya hai. tamil ke sarvashreshth kavi kanban ki ramayan ranganath ji ko bhi tabhi svikrit huee, jab unhoanne shathakop ki stuti granth ke aranbh mean ki. is lokaprasiddh ghatana se inaka mahatmy tatha gaurav aanka ja sakata hai. alavar santoan ne bhagavan narayan, shriram aur shrikrishna adi ke gunoan ka varnan karane vale hazaroan padoan ki rachana ki thi. in padoan ko sunakar v gakar aj bhi log bhakti ras mean doob jate haian. alavar sant prachar aur lokapriyata se door hi rahate the. ye itane saral aur sidhe svabhav ke sant hote the ki n to kisi ko du:kh pahuanchate the aur n hi kisi se kuchh apeksha karate the.[2] alavaroan ke pad bhasha ki drishti se bhi lalit aur bhavapoorn mane jate haian. bhakti se snigdh hriday ke ye udh gar tamil bhasha ki divy sanpatti haian tatha bhakti ke nana bhavoan mean madhur ras ki bhi chhata in padoan mean, visheshat: namm alavar ke padoan mean, kam nahian hai.[3]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ hindi vishvakosh, khand 1 |prakashak: nagari pracharini sabha, varanasi |sankalan: bharat diskavari pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 445 |
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 devasare, d aauktar harikrishna. alavar sant (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 19 mee, 2012.
- ↑ san.gran.-doopar : hims aauv di alavaras, kalakatta, 1929; baladev upadhyay : bhagavat sanpraday, kashi, san. 2010.
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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