जल राशि

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bharat mean lagabhag 14,500 kimi aantarik nauparivahan yogy jalamarg haian. desh mean kul 12 nadiyaan aisi haian jinhean b di nadiyoan ki shreni mean rakha ja sakata hai. in nadiyoan ka kul apavah kshetraphal 2,528,000 varg kimi hai.

pramukh nadiyaan

bharat ki sabhi pramukh nadiyaan nimnalikhit tin kshetroan se nikalati haian-

1. himalay ya karakoram shrriankhala.
2. madhy bharat ki viandhy aur satapura shrriankhala.
3. pashchimi bharat mean sahyadri athava pashchimi ghat.

himalay se nikalane vali nadiyoan ko yahaan ke gleshiyaroan se jal prapt hota hai. inaki khas bat yah hai ki poore varsh in nadiyoan mean jal rahata hai. any do nadi pranaliyaan poori tarah se manasoon par hi nirbhar hai aur garmi ke dauran chhoti nadiyaan matr ban kar rah jati haian. himalay se pakistan bah kar jane vali nadiyoan mean siandhu, vyas, chinab, ravi , sataluj aur jhelam shamil haian. ganga-brahmaputr pranali ka jal apavah kshetr sabase jyada 1,100,000 varg kimi hai. ganga ka udgam sthal uttaraanchal ke gangotri gleshiyar se hai. yah dakshin-poorv disha mean bahate hue bangal ki kha di mean jakar girati hai. brahmaputr nadi ka udgam sthal tibbat mean hai aur arunachal pradesh mean yah bharat mean pravesh karati hai. yah pashchim ki or badhate hue baangladesh mean ganga se mil jati hai. pashchimi ghat dakkan ki sabhi nadiyoan ka strot hai. isamean mahanadi, godavar, krishnaa aur kaveri nadiyaan shamil haian. ye sabhi nadiyaan bangal ki kha di mean girati hai. bharat ki kul 20 phisadi jal apavah in nadiyoan ke dvara hi hota hai.

mukhy kha diyaan

bharat ki mukhy kha diyoan mean kaanbe ki kha di, kachchh ki kha di aur mannar ki kha di shamil haian. jal sandhiyoan mean palk jalasandhi hai jo bharat aur shrilanka ko alag karati hai, ten digri chainal aandaman ko nikobar dvip samooh se alag karata hai aur et digri chainal lakshadvip aur aminadivi dvipasamooh ko minik aauy dvip se alag karata hai. mahattvapoorn aantaripoan mean bharat ki mukhy bhoomi ke dhur dakshin bhag mean sthit kanyakumari, iandira pvaiant (bharat ka dhur dakshin hissa), rama brij aur pvaiant kalimere shamil haian. arab sagar bharat ke pashchimi kinare par p data hai, bangal ki kha di aur hiand mahasagar bharat ke kramashah poorvi aur dakshini bhag mean sthit haian. chhote sagaroan mean lakshadvip sagar aur nikobar sagar shamil haian. bharat mean char praval bhitti kshetr haian. ye char kshetr aandaman aur nikobar dvipasamooh, mannar ki kha di, lakshadvip aur kachchh ki kha di mean sthit haian. mahattvapoorn jhiloan mean chilka jhil (u disa mean sthit bharat ki sabase b di saltavatar jhil), aandhr pradesh ki koleroo jhil, manipur ki lokatak jhil, kashmir ki dal jhil, rajasthan ki saanbhar jhil aur keral ki sasathamakotta jhil shamil haian.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh