हकीम अजमल ख़ाँ
hakim ajamal khaan
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| poora nam | masih-ul-mulk hakim ajamal khaan |
| janm | san 1863 |
| janm bhoomi | dilli |
| mrityu | 29 disanbar, 1927 |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| parti | bharatiy rashtriy kaangres |
| pad | adhyaksh (bharatiy rashtriy kaangres) |
| vishesh yogadan | hakim ajamal khaan ne 1920 mean ‘jamiya miliya’ ki sthapana mean vishesh yogadan diya. |
| any janakari | ajamal khaan ke poorvaj, jo prasiddh chikitsak the, bharat mean mugal samrajy ke sansthapak babar ke shasanakal mean bharat ae the. hakim ajamal khaan ke parivar ke sabhi sadasy yoonani hakim the. unaka parivar mugal shasakoan ke samay se chikitsa ki is prachin shaili ka abhyas karata a raha tha. |
hakim ajamal khaan (aangrezi: Hakim Ajmal Khan, janm- 1863 dilli, mrityu- 29 disambar, 1927) rashtriy vicharadhara ke samarthak aur yoonani chikitsa paddhati ke prasiddh chikitsak the. hakim ajamal khaan apane samay ke sabase kushagr aur bahumukhi vyaktitv ke roop mean prasiddh hue. bharat ki azadi, rashtriy ekata aur saanpradayik sadbhav ke kshetroan mean unaka yogadan atulaniy hai. ve ek sashakt rajanitijn aur uchchatam kshamata ke shikshavid the.
jivan parichay
hakim ajamal khaan ka janm 1863 ee. mean dilli ke us parivar mean hua, jisake purakhe mugal samratoan ke parivarik chikitsak rahate ae the. ajamal khaan hakimi apani shiksha prapt karane ke bad 10 varshoan tak ramapur riyasat ke hakim rahe. 1902 ee. mean ve eerak chale ge aur vapas ane par dilli mean ‘madarase tibbiya’ ki nianv dali, jo ab ‘tibbiya k aaulej’ ke nam se prasiddh hai. ajamal khaan ke poorvaj, jo prasiddh chikitsak the, bharat mean mugal samrajy ke sansthapak babar ke shasanakal mean bharat ae the. hakim ajamal khaan ke parivar ke sabhi sadasy yoonani hakim the. unaka parivar mugal shasakoan ke samay se chikitsa ki is prachin shaili ka abhyas karata a raha tha. ve us zamane mean dilli ke rees ke roop mean jane jate the. unake dada hakim shariph khan mugal shasak shah alam ke chikitsak the aur unhoanne shariph manzil ka nirman karavaya tha, jo ek aspatal aur mahavidyalay tha jahaan yoonani chikitsa ki padhaee ki jati thi.[1]
bachapan aur shiksha
unhoanne apane parivar ke bujurgoan, jinamean se sabhi prasiddh chikitsak the, ki dekharekh mean chikitsa ki padhaee shuru karane se pahale, apane bachapan mean quran ko apane hriday mean utara aur paranparik islamik jnan ki shiksha bhi prapt ki jisamean arabi aur farasi shamil thi. unake dada hakim shariph khan tibb-i-yoonani ya yoonani chikitsa ke abhyas ke prachar par jor dete the aur is uddeshy ke lie unhoanne shariph manzil namak aspatal roopi k aaulej ki sthapana ki, jo poore upamahadvip mean sabase lokopakari yoonani aspatal ke roop mean prasiddh tha jahaan garib marijoan se koee bhi shulk nahian liya jata tha.[1]
masiha-e-hiand
yogy hone par hakim ajamal khaan ko 1892 mean ramapur ke navab ka pramukh chikitsak niyukt kiya gaya. koee bhi prashasti hakim saheb ki lie bahut b di nahian hai, unhean "masiha-e-hiand" aur "betaj badashah" kaha jata tha. unake pita ki tarah unake ilaj mean bhi chamatkarik asar tha, aur aisa mana jata tha ki unake pas koee jaduee chikitsakiy khazana tha, jisaka raz keval ve hi janate the. chikitsa mean unaki buddhi itani tez thi ki yah kaha jata tha ki ve keval iansan ka chehara dekhakar usaki kisi bhi bimari ka pata laga lete the. hakim ajamal khaan marij ko ek bar dekhane ke 1000 rupaye lete the. shahar se bahar jane par yah unaka dainik shulk tha, lekin yadi marij unake pas dilli aye to usaka ilaj muft kiya jata tha, phir chahe vah maharaja hi kyoan n hoan.
yoonani chikitsa
hakim ajamal ne yoonani chikitsa ki deshi pranali ke vikas aur vistar mean kafi dilachaspi li. hakim ajamal khaan ne shodh aur abhyas ka vistar karane ke lie tin mahattvapoorn sansthaoan ka nirman karavaya, dilli mean seantral k aaulej, hindustani davakhana tatha ayurvedik aur yoonani tibbiya k aaulej; aur is prakar bharat mean chikitsa ki yoonani pranali ko vilupt hone se bachane mean madad ki. yoonani chikitsa ke kshetr mean unake athak prayas ne british shasan mean samapti ki kagar par pahuanch chuki bharatiy yoonani chikitsa pranali mean nee oorja aur jivan ka sanchar kiya. ajamal khaan ki hakim ke roop mean deshavyapi khyati thi.
rajaniti mean pravesh
1918 mean hakim ajamal khaan kaangres mean sammilit ho ge. hakim sahab ke rajaniti mean pravesh karate hi unaka ghar (unaka pushtaini ghar aj bhi ballimaran mean shariph manzil ke nam se prasiddh hai) rajanitijnoan ka keandr ban gaya. un dinoan shariph manzil mean netaoan ke ane jane se bahut chahal pahal bani rahati thi. hakim sahab ek b de takht par baith kar netaoan se vichar vimarsh karate rahate the. gupt bat ke lie aangan mean lage hue chhote kamare mean baithate the. us chhote se kamare mean na jane kitani samasyaoan ka samadhan kiya gaya tha, jisamean ajakal sannata chhaya rahata hai. hakim sahab ki yojana ke anusar 30 march, 1919 ee. ko dilli mean sabase b di h datal huee thi. is h datal ko saphal banane ke lie unhoanne bahut dau d-dhoop ki thi. unake is kary ki b de-b de netaoan ne dil kholakar prashansa ki thi. 1919 ee. ke antar mean unake prayatnoan se hi shahidoan ka shanadar smarak bana, jisaki desh ke b de-b de netaoan ne prashansa ki. 1921 mean apane kaangres ke ahamadabad adhiveshan ki aur khilafat kaangres ki adhyakshata ki. ‘aaul indiya go raksha kaanfreans’, jisake adhyaksh lala lajapat ray the, svagat samiti ki adhyakshata ka dayitv bhi hakim sahab ne hi uthaya tha. us sammelan mean musalamanoan se apil ki gee thi ki, ve is mamale mean hinduoan ki bhavanaoan ka samman karean. hakim sahab ne 1918 ee. se lekar 1927 tak svatantrata andolan ki rajaniti mean khul kar bhag liya tha. 1927 ee. mean yah mahapurush paralok sidhar gaya tha. 9 varshoan ke tho de se samay mean unhoanne aise mahattvapoorn kary kie, jisake karan unhean yugoan-yugoan tak yad kiya jata rahega. [2]
gaandhiji se mulakat
hakim sahab ka gaandhiji se pahala sampark 1919 ee. mean hua tha. is samay (1919) rolet bil ke viruddh satyagrah chal raha tha. satyagrah ke sambandh mean hi gaandhiji dilli ae hue the. hakim sahab satyagrah ke sambandh mean batachit karane ke lie gaandhiji ke pas pahuanche aur ve gaandhiji se prabhavit hue bina nahian rah sake. usake bad hakim sahab ka sampark gaandhiji se nirantar pragadh hota chala gaya. gaandhiji jab bhi kisi sampradayik samasya ko sulajhana chahate the, tab ve is sambandh mean hakim sahab se paramarsh karate the. 1920 ee. mean l aaurd hardi ne hakim sahab ko tibbiya k aaulej ki sahayata ke lie chh: lakh rupaye dene ka vachan diya tha, parantu 1921 ee. mean jab hakim sahab ne gaandhiji ke asahayog andolan mean sakriy roop se bhag liya, to l aaurd hardi ne sahayata dene se mana kar diya. hakim sahab ne isaki koee paravah nahian ki. ve jivan ke aantim samay tak desh ki azadi ke lie aangrezoan se sangharsh karate rahe. unaka tibbiya k aaulej aj bhi unhian ki bhaanti sar ooancha kie hue kh da hai, apani sevaoan se us mahanh deshabhakt ki smriti ko taja kar deta hai.[2]
deshabhakti bhavana
hakim sahab mean deshabhakti ke bhav koot-koot kar bhare hue the. ve majahab se bhi desh ko b da manate the. unhoanne desh seva ke lie aram, sukh-chain tatha sampatti adi ki koee paravah nahian ki. ve desh ke lie dhan ko thukarate rahe. ve ek sahasi aur vir senani the. unhean jo kuchh kahana hota, kah dalate evan kar dalate the. hakim sahab ke jivan ke yadagar ka sabase b da smarak unaka davakhana aur tibbiya mahavidyalay hai. ek bar raja ne apane mahal mean apani bimar rani ko dikhaane ke lie hakim sahab ko bulaya. hakim sahab jab rani ke kamare mean pahuanche, to unhoanne dekha ki rani videshi vastr pahane hue thi evan unaka poora kamara videshi vastuoan aur saj saman se bhara hua tha. hakim sahab ne rani ki nabz ko dekhate hue kaha, 'samay badal raha hai. ab to ap logoan ko videshi kap de nahian pahanane chahie. keval khadi ko hi kam mean lana chahie.' rani ne isaka uttar dete hue hakim sahab se kaha ki, 'hakim sahab khadi pahanane se koee harj nahian hai, kintu vah itani moti aur khuradari hoti hai ki sharir mean g dati hai.' yah sunate hi hakim sahab ne rani ki nabz ko chho d diya aur kh de hokar kahane lage, 'phir to maian apaki nabz nahian dekh paooanga. jab khadi apake sharir mean g dati hai, to meri uangali bhi apake hath mean chubhati hoangi, kyoanki maian bhi hindustani hooan.' hakim sahab ki bat sunakar maharaja b de sharmianda hue. unhoanne hakim sahab se maphi maangate hue kaha ki ab ve apane ghar mean ek bhi videshi chiz nahian rakheange.[2]
jamiya miliya islamiya ki sthapana
jamiya miliya islamiya vishvavidyalay ke sansthapakoan mean se ek, ajamal khaan ko 22 navambar 1920 mean isaka pratham kuladhipati chuna gaya. jamiya miliya islamiya ki sthapana aur sanrakshan mean hakim ajamal khaan ka bahut b da hath tha. sansthan ki amadani ka srot hakim sahab ki ay thi. ve khaandani rees the aur ek tarah se ve jamiya ka sampoorn kharch chala rahe the. mahatma gaandhi ka bhi hakim ajamal khaan se gahara sanbandh tha. donoan hiandoo-muslim ekata ke prabal samarthak the. durbhagyavash jab 29 disambar, 1927 ko inaki mrityu ho gee to jamiya miliya ki ay ka srot sookh gaya. kiantu d aau. zakir husain isase bahut nirash nahian hue kyoanki hakim ajamal khaan ne unake atmabal ko paryapt dridh kar diya th. inaka spasht manana tha ki allah ki rahamat mean sada yakin karana chahiye aurusase mayoos rahana adharm hai.[3]
vyaktittv
[[chitr:Ajamal-khan-haveli.jpg|thumb|hakim ajamal khaan ki haveli, dilli]] hakim sahab mridul svabhav ke the. ve kabhi bhi kisi ko k davi bat nahian kahate the. yahaan tak ki jo galati karata tha, use bhi b di bat mean nahian daantate the. jab ve kisi par naraj hote the to muskarate hue sirf itana hi kahate the, 'tum b de bevakooph ho.' hakim sahab apane naukaroan ko bhi ap kah kar bulate the. ek din jab unake kisi mitr ne is bare mean unake poochha, 'hakim sahab ap naukaroan ko ap kyoan kaha karate haian.' hakim sahab ne isaka uttar dete hue kaha, 'naukar bhi hamare tarah hi insan haian. insan ko insan ki ijjat karani chahie.' hakim sahab pratidin prat:kal hote hi apane pushtaini makan ke divanakhane mean takht par baith kar rogiyoan ko dekhate the. unaka halachal poochhate the. ve rogi se bahut dhime svar mean bat karate the. ve lagabhag do ghante mean do sau rogiyoan ko dekh lete the. yooan to hakim sahab pratidin prat:kal niyamit roop se rogiyoan ko dekhate the, par unake ghar ka davakhana rogiyoan ke lie hamesha khula rahata tha. koee bhi rogi kisi bhi samay jakar unhean apani bimari dikha sakata tha. kabhi kabhi to hakim sahab khaan chho d kar rogi ko dekhate the. unake lie rogi ki seva se badh kar duniya mean aur koee doosara kam nahian tha. hakim sahab apane vishisht gunoan ke karan sare bharat mean prasiddh the. ve chhote b de, amir garib adi mean ek saman lokapriy the. ve ilaj karate samay kisi prakar ka bhedabhav nahian karate the. unaki drishti mean raja ya navab, garib aur mazadoor mean koee antar nahian tha. ve jis prem se raja ka ilaj karate the, usi prem se garib aur mazadoor ka ilaj karate the.[2]
gariboan ke prati gahari sahanubhooti
hakim sahab gariboan ke prati bahut sahanubhooti rakhate the. nimnalikhit ghatana se is bat ki pushti hoti hai ki gariboan ke prati gahari sahanubhooti rakhate the. ek bar hakim sahab ek garib l dake ka ilaj karane ja rahe the, tabhi gvaliyar ke raja ke adami ne das hazar rupaye nakad hakim sahab ko bheant karate hue kaha, 'gvaliyar ki maharani ki tabiyat kharab hai. raja sahab ne apako yad kiya hai.' hakim sahab ne rupaye lautate hue us vyakti se kaha, 'raja sahab se mera salam kahana. maian chalata zaroor, par vivash hooan. ek garib l dake ka ilaj mere hathoan mean hai. yadi maian chala gaya, to usaka ilaj kaise hoga. raja sahab ke pas rupaye haian. unhean to b de b de d aauktar mil sakate haian, kiantu us garib ka kya hoga, jo mere hi oopar ashrit hai. hakim sahab ne gvaliyar ke raja ke adami ko das hazar rupaye lauta die, parantu ve garib l dake ka ilaj chho d kar gvaliyar nahian ge. is ghatana se pata chalata hai ki hakim sahab ke dil mean gariboan ke lie kitana pyar tha. unhoanne apane sampoorn jivan mean paisoan ke sthan par insaniyat tatha manavata ko kitana mahattv diya. unhoanne kaha tha, 'khuda insan ke hi sharir ke bhitar rahata hai. isalie insan ki khidamat ko mahattv dena chahie.' [2]
samman aur puraskar
hakim ajamal khaan ne apani sarakari upadhi chho d di aur unake bharatiy prashansakoan ne unhean masih-ul-mulk (rashtr ko arogy pradan karane vala) ki upadhi di. unake bad d aau. mukhtyar ahamad aansari jeemaee ke kuladhipati bane. ek atalata-rodhi ejeant ajmalin, aur ek karak sankar ajmalan ka namakaran unake nam par hi kiya gaya.
nidhan
hakim ajamal khaan ka poora jivan paropakar aur balidan ka pratiroop hai. hakim ajamal khaan ki mrityu 29 disanbar 1927 ko dil ki samasya ke karan ho gayi thi. hakim ajamal khaan ke tyag, deshabhakti aur balidan ke karan unaka nam bharatiy svatantrata sangram ke itihas mean sada svarn aksharoan mean likha jaega. unhoanne keval nau varsh tak rajaniti mean itani sakriy bhoomika ada ki ki ve dilli ke betaj badashah ban ge. ve dilli ki janata ke dil mean rahate the aur yahaan ki janata unake ek ishare par b de se b da balidan karane ke lie taiyar rahati thi. yadyapi ve aj hamare bich nahian haian, tathapi janata aj bhi unhean shraddha ke sath yad karati hai. hindi ke kavi ne unaki pavitr smriti mean yahaan tak likha hai-[2]
pran desh ke lie dena sikha ge,
bhanvar mean p di nav ko khena sikha ge.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
bharatiy charit kosh |lekhak: liladhar sharma 'parvatiy' |prakashak: shiksha bharati, madarasa rod, kashmiri get, dilli |prishth sankhya: 967 |
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hakim Ajmal Khan [1863-1927) Medicine, Freedom Fighter] (aangrezi) Indian Muslims. abhigaman tithi: 28 disambar, 2012.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 svatantrata senani kosh (gaandhiyugin) |lekhak: d aau. es.el. nagori aur shrimati kanta nagori |prakashak: gitanjali prakashan, jayapur |prishth sankhya: 463 |ISBN: 978-81-88418-38-1
- ↑ bharat ke rashtrapati (hiandi) googal buks. abhigaman tithi: 28 disambar, 2012.
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh