लिंग
sanjna ke us roop ko liang kahate haian, jisake dvara vachak shabdoan ki jati ka bodh hota hai.
bhed
hindi mean keval do liang hote haian-
pulliang - jo sanjnapad purush varg ke vachak hote haian, unhean pulliang kahate haian. jaise, l daka, adami, gho da, sher, bakara, raja adi.
striliang - jo sanjnapad stri varg ke vachak hote haian, unhean striliang kahate haian. jaise, l daki, aurat, gho di, sherani, bakari, rani adi.
pulliang se striliang banane ke niyam
- 1. sambandhavachak tatha pranivachak akarant pulliang sanjnaoan ke ant mean 'ee' lagakar athava a ya a ke sthan par 'ee' kar dene se striliang pad ban jate haian.
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- 2. kuchh akarant pulliang sanjnaoan ke ant mean 'iya' laga dene se striliang pad ban jate haian.
jaise- boodha – budhiya,
beta – bitiya, kutta – kutiya,
chooha – chuhiya
- 3. kuchh pranivachak sanjnaoan ke ant mean 'in' laga dene se striliang pad ban jate haian.
jaise- saanp – saanpin,
bagh – baghin, nag – nagin,
nati – natin
- 4. kisi vyavasay athava peshe ka bodh karane vali pulliang sanjnaoan ke ant mean bhi 'in' laga dene se striliang pad ban jate haian. jaise-
jaise- mali – malin,
naee – nain, chamar – chamarin,
luhar – luharin
- 5. kuchh pranivachak pulliang sanjnaoan ke ant mean 'ni' jo d dene se bhi striliang pad ban jate haian.
jaise- sianh – sianhani,
sher – sherani, ooant – ooantani,
mor – morani
- 6. kuchh pulliang sanjnaoan ke ant mean 'ani' jo d dene se striliang pad ban jate haian.
jaise- seth – sethani,
chaudhari – chaudharani, devar – devarani,
naukar – naukarani
- 7. kuchh pulliang sanjnaoan ke ant mean 'ain' jo d dene se striliang pad ban jate haian.
jaise- pandit – panditain,
thakur – thakurain,
chaudhari – chaudharain
- 8. kuchh pulliang sanjnaoan ke striliang pad poornataya bhinn hote haian.
jaise- purush – stri,
mard – aurat, pita – mata,
bap – maan
- 9. kuchh pulliang sanjnaoan ke pahale 'mada' lagakar striliang pad banaye jate haian.
jaise- bhaloo – mada bhaloo,
bhe diya – mada bhe diya,
kharagosh – mada khadagosh
- 10. kuchh striliang sanjnaoan ke pahale 'nar' lagakar pulliang pad bhi banaye jate haian.
jaise- machhali – nar machhali,
chhipakali – nar chhipakali,
chil – nar chil
- 11. kuchh striliang sanjnaoan ke age 'a' jo dakar bhi pulliang pad bana liye jate haian.
jaise- bhaians – bhaiansa,
bhe d – bhe da, mausi – mausa,
jiji – jija
vishesh
- 1. jin padoan par sadharanataya purush varg hi asin hota raha hai, unake soochak sanjna padoan ko pulliang hi mana jata hai, chahe un par striyaan hi asin kyoan n ho.
- udaharan- rashtrapati, rajyapal, mantri, ziladhikari, sipahi, patavari adi.
- 2. jati, upajati, desh, deshavasi, sagar, var aur grah ke soochak shabd pulliang hote haian.
- jati - brahman, kshatriy, vaishy, shoodr, hindoo, musalaman, eesaee adi.
- upajati - mishr, paandey, kayasth, khanna, kapoor, agraval adi.
- deshavasi - bharatiy, chini, japani, roosi, barmi adi.
- var - somavar, mangalavar, budhavar adi.
- grah - soory, shani, varun grah adi.
- 3. prithvi, tithi, rashi, nadi aur bhasha ke soochak shabd striliang hote haian.
- prithvi - dharati, mahi, vasundhara.
- rashi - kumbh, min, tula, sianh.
- 4. aangavachak shabd vyavahar ke anusar kuchh pulliang aur kuchh striliang mane jate haian. jaise-
- pulliang - hath, pair, mastak, sir, bal, pet, ghutana, palak, hoth, daant, kanth, gal, panja, aangootha, nakhoon.
- striliang - nak, aankh, jibh, putali, chhati, pit, jaangh, guda, e di, hatheli, kuhani, taang, kamar, uangali, kalaee.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
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