कालिदास के चरित्र-चित्रण
kalidas ke charitr-chitran
| |
| poora nam | mahakavi kalidas |
| janm | 150 varsh eesa poorv se 450 eesavi ke madhy |
| janm bhoomi | uttar pradesh |
| pati/patni | vidyottama |
| karm bhoomi | bharat |
| karm-kshetr | sanskrit kavi |
| mukhy rachanaean | natak- abhijnan shakuntalamh, vikramorvashiyamh aur malavikagnimitramh; mahakavy- raghuvanshamh aur kumarasanbhavamh, khandakavy- meghadootamh aur rritusanhar |
| bhasha | sanskrit |
| puraskar-upadhi | mahakavi |
| sanbandhit lekh | kalidas ke kavy mean prakriti chitran, kalidas ki alankar-yojana, kalidas ka chhand vidhan, kalidas ki ras sanyojana, kalidas ka saundary aur prem, kalidas lokachar aur lokatattv |
| any janakari | kalidas shaklo-soorat se suandar the aur vikramadity ke darabar ke navaratnoan mean ek the. lekin kaha jata hai ki praranbhik jivan mean kalidas anapadh aur moorkh the. |
| inhean bhi dekhean | kavi soochi, sahityakar soochi |
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kalidas ke sabhi patr jivant haian. unhoanne divy tatha adivy donoan prakar ke patroan ka chitran kiya hai.
- purush charitr
meghadoot ke yaksh ko dhiralalit nayak ki koti mean rakha ja sakata hai. vah yuva hai aur use apani patni se pragadh prem hai. devayonij hone ke karan sarvatr vicharan samarthy se yukt hai, atev usaka bhaugolik jnan yatharth hai. vah sangit evan chitrakala ka premi hai. raghuvansh mean chahe dilip hoan athava raghu, guru ke ajnapalak evan dharmaparayan hai. maharaj dilip sarvagunasampann adarsh raja haian. ramachandr ka chitran kavi ne b di savadhani se kiya hai. unake andar dilip, raghu aur aj ke gunoan ka samanvay hai.
- nari charitr
kalidas ramani roop ke chitran mean hi samarth nahian hai, apitu nari ke svabhiman tatha udatt roop ke pradarshan mean bhi kritakary haian. raghuvansh ke chaturdash sarg[1] shlok mean chitrit, rajaram ke dvara parityakta janaki ka chitr tatha unaka ram ko bheja gaya sandesh atyant bhavapoorn, gambhir tatha marmasparshi hai. ram ke lie 'raja' shabd ka prayog vishuddh tatha pavitr charitr dharmapatni ke parityag ke anauchity ka marmik abhivyanjak hai-
vachyastvaya madvachanath s raja vahmau vishuddhamapi yath samakshamh.
maan lokavadashravanadahasi: shrutasy kian tath sadrishan kulasy॥[2]
- sita ki charitrik udattata ka parichay isi ghatana se spashtat: milata hai ki itani visham paristhiti mean p dane par bhi vah ram ke lie ek bhi apashabd ka prayog nahian karati, pratyukt apane hi bhagy ko kosati hai. tatha barambar apani hi ninda karati hai-
n chavadaddharturavarnamarya nirakarishnorvrijinadtatespi.
atmanamev sthiradu:khabhajan pun: punardushkritinan ninind॥[3]
- sita pativrat dharm ki apratim moorti haian jo ram ke dvara akaran parityag kiye jane par bhi agale janm mean bhi unhian ko pati ke roop mean pane ki kamana karati haian-
sahan tap: sooryanivishtadrishtirurdhvan prasooteshcharitan yatishye.
bhooyo yatha mean jananaantarespi tvamev bharta n ch viprayog:॥[4]
- sita ki sahishnuta ka varnan karate hue kalidas ne kaha hai-
sitaan hitva dashamukharipurnopayeme yadanyaan
tasya ev pratikritasakho yatkratoonajahar.
vrittaanten shravanavishayaprapina ten bhartu:
sa durvaran kathamapi parityagadu:kh vishehe॥[5]
- raja ram ne sita ki svarn nirmit pratimoorti banavakar samast yajn kary sampann kiya, is bat ko janakar sita ne pati krit parityag ke asahy du:kh ko bhi sahan kar liya.
- ramachandr ka charitr kalidas ne komal toolika se chitrit kiya hai. raghuvansh ke ek tihaee bhag[6] mean ram ke udatt charitr ka varnan kiya gaya hai.
- mahakavi ne ram ko hari ya vishnu ka hi paryayavachi mana hai.
ratnakaran vikshm mith: s jayaan ramabhidhanoan harirityuvach[7]
- uparyukt shlok ke 'ramabhidhano harirityuvach' is aansh se spasht hai ki 'hari' aur 'ram' mean koee aantar nahian hai. ve donoan ek hi haian. kalidas ki drishti mean devoan ka artinash hi ramavatar ka mukhy prayojan hai.
- raja dasharath dvara ayojit putreshti yajn ki soochana pakar rakshas raj ravan se utpi dit devagan ki stuti se prasann vishnu ne unhean ashvast kiya-
soshan dasharathirbhootva ranabhoomerbalikshamamh.
karishyami sharaistikshnaistachchhir: kamalochchayamh॥[8]
'maian dasharathaputr ram ke roop mean avatar lekar rakshasaraj ravan ka vadh karooanga'.
- ram prajarakshak raja haian. lokaradhan ke lie tatha apane kul ko nishkalank rakhane ke lie unake dvara apani pranopama dharmapatni sita ka nirvasan kalidas ki adarsh patr-srishti ka sundar drishtaant hai. sita ki ninda sunakar ram ke hriday-vidaran ki samata ag mean tape hue ayoghan dvara ahat lohe ke sath dekar mahakavi ne ram ke hriday ki kathorata tatha komalata donoan ki marmik abhivyakti ek sath ki hai-
kalatranindaguruna kilaivamabhyahatan kirtiviparyayen. ayoghanenay dvabhitaptan vaidehibarndhoanrhridayan vidadre॥[9]
- sitaparityag ke samay ram ki manasik vyatha kitani marmik hai-
rajarshivanshasy raviprasooterupasthit: pashchat kidrishosyamh.
matt: sadacharashache: kalank: payodavatadiv darpanasy॥[10]
- ram ka svabhimani hriday kahian vyakt hota hai[11] to kahian unaki manavata rajabhav ke oopar jhalakati hai. lakshman ke laut kar sita sandesh par ram ki aankhoan mean aansoo chhalakane lagate haian, yah rajabhav ke oopar manavata ki vijay hai-
babhoov ram: sahasa savashpastusharavarshiy sahasy chandr:.
kaulinabhiten grihannirasta n ten vaidehasuta manast:॥[12]
- ram ne lokaninda ke bhay se bhale hi sita ko rajabhavan se nikal diya tha, parantu man se nahian nikala tha. sita ke prati ram ke anany anurag ka yah utkrisht udaharan hai.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 61.67, chaturdash sarg
- ↑ raghuvansh mahakavy, 14.21
- ↑ raghuvansh mahakavy, 14.57
- ↑ raghuvansh mahakavy, 14.66
- ↑ raghuvansh mahakavy, 14.87
- ↑ 10 se 15 sarg tak
- ↑ raghuvansh mahakavy 13.1
- ↑ raghuvansh mahakavy 10.44
- ↑ raghuvansh mahakavy 14.33
- ↑ raghuvansh mahakavy 14.37
- ↑ raghuvansh mahakavy, 14.41
- ↑ raghuvansh mahakavy, 14.84
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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