ख़लीफ़ा उमर
khalifa umar muslim samuday ke doosare khalifa the. kuchh logoan ke anusar ali, jo muhammad sahab ke chachere bhaee aur damad the,[1] hi muhammad sahab ke asali varis the, parantu pratham khalifa abu baqar banaye gaye the aur unake marane ke bad umar ko doosara khalifa banaya gaya.[2]
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khalifa ka pad
'khalifa' arabi bhasha ka shabd hai, jisaka arth hota hai- 'uttaradhikari'. 'khalifa' shabd ko muslim samuday ke shasak ke lie bhi prayog kiya jata tha. jab muhammad sahab ki mrityu huee (lagabhag 8 joon, 632) to abu baqar ne khalifa 'rasool allah' ya 'paiganbar' ke uttaradhikari ke roop mean unake rajanitik aur prashasanik karyoan ka uttaradhikar sanbhala tha. aboo baqar ka shasan 632 se 634, keval do varsh hi chal paya tha ki ve bimar p d gaye aur mrityu dasha mean a pahuanche. dehaant se pahale unhoanne bina vichar-vimarsh ke hi umar ko doosara khalifa bana diya tha.
mrityu
doosare khalifa umar bin al-khattab ke kal mean khalifa shabd ka istemal muslim rajy ke nagarik aur dharmik pramukh ke roop mean hone laga. isi arth mean 'quran' mean is shabd ko 'adam' aur 'devid' ke lie bhi istemal kiya gaya hai, jinhean 'khuda' ka up-rajy sahayak kaha jata tha. umar se vafadari ki shapath keval unhian sathiyoan ne li, jo us samay madina mean the, jisase kuchh any sathiyoan ne unhean 'khalifa' manane mean anakani karani shuroo kar di. us samay araboan ne 'islam' phailane ke lie eeran par hamala kiya aur isase krodhit hokar kuchh eeraniyoan ne khalifa umar ko satta lene ke lagabhag das varshoan bad 7 navambar, 644 eesavi ko mar dala.
uttaradhikari
apani mrityu se poorv khalifa umar ne pahale hi chh: logoan ka ek gut bana liya tha, jisamean se apasi samajhaute dvara ek ko chunakar khalifa banaya jana tha. isamean 'ali' aur 'usman' shamil the. usman ko chun liya gaya aur ve 11 navambar, 644 ko tisare khalifa banaye ge.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ kyoanki unhoanne muhammad sahab ki ekamatr santan fatima se vivah kiya tha.
- ↑ hajarat ali (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 17 aprail, 2013.
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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