हिन्दी का एक अपनाया-सा क्षेत्र: संयुक्त राज्य -डॉ. आर. एस. मेग्रेगर
| chitr:Icon-edit.gif | yah lekh svatantr lekhan shreni ka lekh hai. is lekh mean prayukt samagri, jaise ki tathy, aank de, vichar, chitr adi ka, sanpoorn uttaradayitv is lekh ke lekhak/lekhakoan ka hai bharatakosh ka nahian. |
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- lekhak- d aau. ar. es. megregar
jis kalakshep ke andar mera kam hindi se raha hai, usamean sanyukt rajy ke bhasha-chitr mean ek nee rekha khianch gee hai. pachasoan ke dashak mean bharat ke ianglaiand mean basakar rah jane vale log sankhya mean nahian ke barabar the. ajakal ki saph dikhaee dene vali lakir tab adhoori hi rahi. ab to bharat ke hazaroan log sanyukt rajy ke bashiande ho ge haian. akhabaroan mean aur akashavani ke prasaranoan mean bar-bar milane se bharat ki kee bhashaoan ke nam- panjabi, gujarati, bangala, urdoo aur hindi- is desh ki am shabdavali mean ghusakar jam ge haian. sanyukt rajy ke das-barah shahar aur ek prakar se sara hi desh bhasha ki ek vishal prayogashala-sa ban gaya hai, jisamean bhasha ka ek siddhaant, jo hindustan mean pahale se hi thik thahar chuka hai, naye sire se thik siddh ho raha hai. vah siddhaant yahi ki nate vali bhashaoan ki ek mandali mean koee bich vali bhasha sadharan vyavahar ke lie sahayak hoti hai, visheshakar tab, jab us bhasha ka kshetr kisi rajanitik, arthik ya aitihasik-saanskritik karan ya karanoan se mahatta rakhata hai. hindustan ki yah puratan bhasha sthiti to sanyukt rajy ke bikhare hindustani jan samudayoan par asar dale bina nahian rah sakati. koee bis sal se akashavani ka 'nee jiandagi naya jivan' vala karyakram chal raha hai, jisaki mili-juli bhasha khasoan am samajhi jati hai. hindi ke aur bhi karyakram akashavani aur dooradarshan ke haian. hindi ki philmean shahar-shahar mean dekhi ja sakati haian, dooradarshan mean bhi pradarshit hoti haian. sath hi aur bhi ek nee bat hai, jo oopar vali batoan se shayad zyada ahamiyat rakhati haian. shiksha ke kshetr mean bharat ki bhashaean padhar rahi haian. vayask shiksha mean hindi ke sabase pahale karyakram ayojit kie hue das sal ho chuke haian. ab kakshaoan ki sankhya kafi had tak badh gee hai. is bat par zor dena hai ki sabase pahale aise hi log in kakshaoan mean a baithate haian, jinaka hindustan se koee sanbandh n tha. hindi ke prati unaki ruchi yahaan base logoan ke sanpark mean a jane se ya kisi kisi doosare karan se paida ho jati thi. aj ki sthiti yahaan tak badali hai ki vayask shiksha mean bharat ke bhi log a jate haian. aise javan-javan log jo is desh mean palakar apani saanskritik virasat se nata banae rakhana chahate haian. bhasha ke sath bharat ka itihas bhi chav se padhate haian. apani paranparagat sanskriti ka manan-moolyaankan bhi karate haian. skooli shiksha vayask shiksha ke pag-pag par age badhane lagi hai. yah ek nee paudh si hai. us paudh se to ek timuanhi asha rakhi ja sakati hai- shaikshanik, samajik aur saanskritik. mujhe poori asha hai ki samay ke sath is desh ke bharat ke logoan ke bachche aangrezi ke sath-sath hindi bhi niyamit roop se sarvajanik parikshaoan ke star par padh sakeange. unake lie kee vishvavidyalayoan mean hindi padhane ka bhi prabandh hai. samay ke sath aangrezi bachche bhi kuchh had tak skooloan mean hindi padhane lageange, isaka mujhe vishvas hai. yah shubh sthiti jaise-jaise yatharth ho jayegi vaise purane jamane ke un alp sankhyak aangrezoan ka jivan-kary ek prakar se phalibhoot hote dekha jaega, jinhoanne pushtadar pusht hindi bhasha ko sikhane mean aur sahity sanskriti ko samajhane mean parishram kiya tha. unake prayatnoan ki badaulat hindi ka adhyayan-adhyapan is desh ke vishvavidyalayoan mean kafi samay se ho raha hai. ane vale patroan mean is prakriya ke navinatam vikas ki rooparekha di jati hai. hindi sahity ke adhyayan ke vividh kshetroan mean padarpan kiya. un logoan ki sankhya kam thi, lekin unake uttaradhikariyoan ka silasila bisavian shatabdi mean age chalakar atoota hi raha. phir bhi kahana yahi p dega ki is jamane mean adhikatar aangrezoan ka dhyan adhunik bhashaoan ki upayogita se kuchh hatakar doosare vishayoan par chala gaya tha. isaka natija yah hua ki jin aangrez vidyarthiyoan ki ruchi bharatiy bhashaoan aur sahity ki or gee us kal mean ve adhikatar sanskrit ki hi or khianch ge, n ki adhunik bhashaoan ki or.
oopar ka pal da kab niche jane vala tha. dvitiy mahayuddh ke bad yah nishchay kar liya gaya tha ki bharatiy bhashaoan ke hi nahian, samast eshiyaee bhashaoan ke padhane-padhane ke prabandh mean maulik parivartan karane chahie. yah to naya zamana tha. is dooradarshi nishchay ke phalasvaroop hindi bhasha aur sahity padhane ka ek trivarshiy ya chaturvarshiy adhyayan kram ki vyavastha rakhi gee. bharat ki sanskriti, sahity aur bhashaean to videshi vidyarthi ke lie bilkul nee adhyayan samagri hai. is bat par dhyan dekar yah samajha gaya tha ki videshi vidyarthi sirf kee sal ka hi ek adhyayan kram poora karane ke bad in vishayoan par kaboo pa sakega. sath hi ek doosari bat bhi sochane ki thi. vidyarthi ko bharat ke jivan ke alag-alag pahaluoan se parichit kara dena tha, aitihasik, samajik aur rajanitik vyavastha ityadi. aise vishayoan ko padhane se unhean bhasha aur sahity ke adhyayan ke lie ek thos nianv ban jae. (ulti taraf yah bhi kaha ja sakata hai ki koee bhi vidyarthi kisi ajnat sanskriti mean tabhi baith sakega, jab usane usaki bhasha ya bhashaoan ka adhyayan kar liya hai) is bahuroopi adhyayan-dhaanche ka nam pashchimi deshoan mean 'kshetronmukh' rakha jata hai. is adhyayan mean bhasha vijnan ka samuchit sthan hai. kisi bhasha ki banavat ke samajhane mean bhasha vijnan ka jnan kitana upayogi ho sakata hai, yah achchhi tarah se samajha tha. uparyukt domukhi drishtikon ke anusar hi hindi ka adhyayan briten ke vishvavidyalayoan mean vyavasthit ho gaya hai, sabase pahale landan ke prachy sansthan mean (jahaan bharat ke adhyayan ke lie kshetronmukh prishthabhoomi ki samagri ki vyavastha usi ek sansthan mean milati hai, aur bad mean kaianbrij mean (jahaan prachy bhashaoan aur sahity ke adhyayan prachy vidya ke hi sankay mean kie jate haian) aur yark mean (jahaan hindi ka adhyayan-adhyapan adhikatar bhasha vijnan ke hi sanbandh mean vikasit hua hai).
chooanki yooropiy vidyarthiyoan ko hindi ka adhyayan arambhik star se hi shuroo karana hai, isalie usamean unaka jaldi hi badhana zaroori hai, taki ve vahaan tak pahuanche jahaan sahity ke padhane se poora labh utha sakate haian. padhane vale ka kary yadi ek or vidyarthiyoan ke samane ek vividhata bhari sahity samagri rakhana hai, to doosari or use yahi dekhana hai ki hindi bolane mean bhi vidyarthi tarakki karate rahean, nahian to padhane mean bhi pragati kam hi kareange. hindi bhasha padhane ki ek do taraf prakriya adhikatar yahaan apana li gee hai, jisamean ek to navinatam adhyapan sadhanoan ka bhasha prayogashala, yaantrik upakaranoan ka prayog kiya jata hai, sath hi padhane vale ka dhyan shuroo se hi lipi aur vyakaran donoan par akrisht kiya jata hai.
apane kors ke har varsh mean vidyarthi hindi bolane ka abhyas anuvad ya nibandh likhane ka abhyas karate haian. sahity ka adhyayan pahale varsh ke doosare parv se shuroo hota hai. pahale varsh mean premachand ki or aj ke doosare lekhakoan ki kee kahaniyaan padhi jati haian. age chalakar vidyarthi doosare aur tisare varshoan mean ajney ki, mahadevi varma ki, nagarjun ki aur harishchandr ki koee-koee gady rachana aur nee pidhi ke kee gady lekhakoan ki bhi kritiyaan padhate haian. sath hi unhean chhayavadi kaviyoan se bhi parichay ho jata hai. madhyakalin sahity ke kshetr mean tulasidas, sooradas, nandadas aur kabir ke uddhat aanshoan ka khas adhyayan kiya jata hai. doosare kaviyoan ke sahity ka bhi yatha sanbhav adhyayan kiya jata hai. ham aise do tarafa pathyakram se, gahan adhyayan aur vistrit adhyayan ki aisi milavat karane se asha karate haian ki hamare vidyarthi hindi ke sahity ke vividh pahaluoan se yatharuchi labh uthayeange.
pichhale dashakoan mean hindi sanbandhi kee prakar ke shodh kary briten mean hue haian. hindi sikhane ke vyavaharik kshetr mean aur hindi ke vyakaran ke adhyayan ke kshetr mean kary bhi ho rahe haian aur prakashit bhi hue haian. bhasha vijnan mean varnanatmak aur roopaantaranaparak donoan prakar ke kee adhyayan hue haian. doosara kary kshetr asanpadit paandulipiyoan ko sanpadit karane ka raha hai. hindi sahity ki kee rachanaean anuvad ke aur sahityik saanskritik tippani ke vishay ban gee haian aur ban rahi haian. madhy kal ke sahity aur unnisavian shatabdi ke sahity ki rooparekhaean taiyar ki gee haian. kosh kary ho raha hai. adhunik sahity ke kee pahaluoan par lekh likhe ge haian. asha hai ki prabandh shodh bhavan ke patthar bhi baneange aur vidyarthiyoan ka kam sulajhane ki aujarean bhi hoange. hindi ki padhaee mean videshi vidyarthi ke samane bahut-si kathinaeeyaan hoti haian- bhasha ki alag-alag shailiyoan ki, vibhashaoan ki, ajnat saanskritik visheshataoan ki. har naye path ki apani-apani nee kathinaeeyaan aksar hoti haian. videshi vidyarthi ko kabhi-kabhi mahasoos bhi hota hai ki bhagirath parishram karane par bhi kabhi kathinaeeyoan ko par n kar paooanga. ab skooli vidyarthiyoan ki bhi bat hai. hindi ke sab padhane valoan ke samane yah kartavy hai ki ve vidyarthiyoan ke kam ki upayukt samagri taiyar karate jaean taki vidyarthi ke sankat kal mean har vishay ke lie sulabh sahayata mil sake.
jas jas surasa badan badhava. tas tas nav kapi-roop dikhava..
akhir mean maian ek aur bat par zor dena chahata hooan. videshi vidyarthi yah janakar pray: ashcharyachakit rah jata hai ki aj ka hindi sahity abadar chamakile javaharatoan se thooans-thaansakar bhara ek khajana hai. is sahity mean bharatiy tatv itane saph samane a jaeange, vah vahaan tak ojapoorn aur labhadayak bhi hoga, in sab batoan par aksar pahale se anuman hi nahian hota. aisi batoan par agar shikshitoan ke dayare mean dhyan khiancha ja sake, to natija yahi hoga ki hindi ke sahity ke adhyayan ke prati sanyukt rajy ki aangrezi aur bharatiy donoan abadiyoan ka chab aur unaki ruchi susamayik prakar se badh jaegi. asha hai ki jis jis or se is shubh vikas ke lie jitani prerana aur sahayata mil sakati hai, milegi.
bava se luniy, lahiy jo divha.
tika tippani aur sandarbh
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
| kramaank | lekh ka nam | lekhak |
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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