नंददास हिन्दी देवनागरी में पढ़ें।
nndadas
| |
poora nam | nndadas |
janm | snvat 1570 (1513 ee.) vikrami |
janm bhoomi | ramapur ganv, soron, uttar pradesh |
mrityu | snvat 1640 (1583 ee.) vikrami |
mrityu sthan | manasi gnga, govardhan |
abhibhavak | jivaram (pita) |
karm bhoomi | bharat |
bhasha | brajabhasha |
prasiddhi | ashtachhap kavi |
nagarikata | bharatiy |
snbndhit lekh | ashtachhap kavi, gosaeen vitthalanath, sooradas, manasi gnga, govardhan. |
diksha guru | gosaeen vitthalanath |
prabhu lila asakti | kishor lila |
any janakari | bhagavan shrikrishhn ka yash-chinhtan hi nndadas ke kavhy ka pran tha. vah kaha karate the ki- "jis kavita men 'hari' ke yash ka ras n mile, use sunana hi nahin chahiye." bhagavan shrikrishhn ki roop-madhuri ke varnan men unhhonne jis yoghyata ka parichay diya |
inhen bhi dekhen | kavi soochi, sahityakar soochi |
nndadas 16vin shati ke antim charan ke kavi the. ve 'ashtachhap' ke pramukh kaviyon men se ek the, jo sooradas ke bad sabase adhik prasiddh hue. nndadas bhaktiras ke poorn marmgy aur gyani the.
parichay
nndadas ji ka janm snvat 1570 (1513 ee.) vikrami men hua tha. ek manyata ke anusar inaka janm uttar pradesh ke eta zile men soron ke pas ramapur ganv men hua tha. unake pita ka nam jivaram aur chacha ka atmaram tha. ve shukl brahman the aur ramapur gram ke nivasi the. kahate hain ki gosvami tulasidas unake gurubhaee the. nndadas unako badi pratishtha, samman aur shraddha ki drishti se dekhate the. ve yuvak hone par unhin ke sath kashi men rahakar vidyadhyayan kiya karate the. nndadas ke vishay men ‘bhaktamal’ men likha hai-
‘chandrahas-agraj suhrid param prem men page’
isase itana hi soochit hota hai ki inake bhaee ka nam chndrahas tha. 'do sau bavan vaishnavan ki varta' ke anusar ye tulasidas ke bhaee the, kintu ab yah bat pramanik nahin mani jati. usi varta men yah bhi likha hai ki dvaraka jate hue nndadas sindhunad gram men ek roopavati khatrani par asakt ho ge. ye us stri ke ghar men charo or chakkar lagaya karate the. gharavale hairan hokar kuchh dinon ke lie gokul chale ge. ye vahan bhi ja pahunche. ant men vahin par gosaeen vitthalanath ji ke sadupadesh se inaka moh chhoota aur ye anany bhakt ho ge. is katha men aitihasik tathy keval itana hi hai ki inhonne gosaeen vitthalanath ji se diksha li.
vrindavan agaman
ek bar kashi se ek vaishnav-samaj bhagavan ranachhor ke darshan ke liye dvaraka ja raha tha. nndadas ne tulasidas ji se agya mangi. unhonne pahate to jane ki manahi kar di, par bad men nndadas ne unako paryapt anunay-vinay se prasann kar liya. mathura men unhonne vaishnav samaj ka sath chhod diya. ve vahan se dvaraka ke liye svayn age badhe. daivayog se ve rasta, bhool gaye. kurukshetr ke sannikat sihanand namak ganv men a pahunche aur vahan se kisi karanavash pun: shrivrindavan ko laut pade. nndadas bhagavati kalindi ke tat par pahunch gaye. yamuna darshan se unaka laukik maya-moh ka bandhan toot gaya.
diksha
vrindavan ane ke bad nndadas ne yamuna ke us par vrindavan ke bade-bade mandir dekhe. apane janm-janm ke sakha ka prem-nikunj dekha. priyatam ki musakan yamuna tat ki dhaval aur paramojjval baluka men bikhar rahi thi. unhen brajadevata premalingan ke liye bula rahe the. vaishnav-parivar se gosaeen vitthalanath ne poochha ki- "brahman devata kahan rah gaye?" log ashcharyachakit ho uthe. nndadas ko apane shishy bhejakar unhonne bulaya. ve gosoeen ji ke param pavitr darshan se dhany ho uthe. gosaeen ji ne unako 'navanitapriy' ka darshan karaya. nndadas ji ko dikshit kiya, unhen dehanusandhan nahin rah gaya. chet hone par nndadas ki kavyavani ne bhagavan ki lila rasanubhooti ka mangalik gan gaya. ve bhagavat ho uthe. unake hriday men shuddh bhagavatprem ki bhagirathi bahane lagi. shrigosaeen vitthalanath ne unhen gale lagaya. nndadas ne guru-charan ki vandana ki, stuti ki. unaki bharati ke svaramay saras kanth ne gurukripa ke madhury se upasthit vaishnav mandali ko kritarth kar diya. ve gane lage-
shribitthal mngal roop nidhan.
koti amrit sam hns mridu bolan, sab ke jivan pran..
karunasindhu udar kalpataru det abhay pad dan.
saran aye ki laj chahun disi baje prakat nisan..
tumare charan kamal ke makarnd man madhukar lapatan.
'nndadas' prabhu dvare ratat hai, ruchat nahin kachhu an..
kavhy-sadhana
nndadas ne gosaeen ji ke charan-kamal ke shthayi ashray ke liye uthkat ichhchha prakat ki. shrivalhlabhananhdan das kahalane men unhhonne param gaurav anubhav kiya. nndadas ne unake charan-kamalon par sarvashv nichhavar kar diya. unaka man bhagavan shrikrishhn men poorn asakht ho gaya. unhhonne govardhan men shrinath ji ka darshan kiya. ve bhagavan ki kishor-lila ke samhbanhdh men pad rachana karane lage. shrikrishhn lila ka pranadhan rasaras hi unaki kavhy-sadhana ka mukhhy vishay ho gaya. ve kabhi govardhan aur kabhi gokul men rahate the.
- uchhch koti ke kavi
nndadas uchhch koti ke kavi the. unhhonne samhpoorn bhagavat ko bhasha ka roop diya. kathavachakon aur brahmanon ne gosaeen vitthalanath se kaha ki- "ham logon ki jivika chali jayagi". guru ke adesh se mahakavi nndadas ne keval brajalila-samhbanhdhi padon ke aur pradhan roop se rasaras ke varnan ko bacha rakha, shesh bhasha bhagavat ko yamuna men baha diya. nndadas aise ni:shprih aur rasik shrikrishhn bhakt ka gaurav is ghatana se badh gaya.
sooradas se ghanishthata
nndadas ki sooradas se badi ghanishhthata thi. mahakavi soor ne unake bodh ke liye apane prasiddh granhth 'sahithy-lahari' ki rachana ki thi. ek din mahathma soor ne unase shpashht kah diya tha ki- "abhi tum men vairaghy ka abhav hai". at: mahakavi soor ki agya se ve ghar chale aye. kamala namak kanhya se unhhonne vivah kar liya. apane gram ka nam shhyamapur rakha. shhyamasar namak ek talab banavaya. ve ananhd se ghar par rahakar bhagavan ki rasamayi lila par kavhy likhane lage, par unaka man to shrinath ji ke charanon par nhyochhavar ho chuka tha. kuchh dinon ke bad ve govardhan chale aye. ve shthayi roop se manasi gnga par rahane lage tatha shesh jivan shrinath ji ki seva men samarpit kar diya.
krishn ka yash-chinhtan
bhagavan shrikrishhn ka yash-chinhtan hi nndadas ke kavhy ka pran tha. vah kaha karate the ki- "jis kavita men 'hari' ke yash ka ras n mile, use sunana hi nahin chahiye." bhagavan shrikrishhn ki roop-madhuri ke varnan men unhhonne jis yoghyata ka parichay diya, vah apane dhng ki ek hi vashtu hai. nndadas ne gopi prem ka athyanht uthkrishht adarsh apane kavhy men niroopit kiya hai. braj-kavhy sahithy men rasaras ka paravar hi unaki lekhani se umad utha. nithy navin rasaras, nithy gopi aur nithy shrikrishhn ke saunhdary-madhury men ve rat-din sarabor rahate the. rasikon ke sng men rahakar hari-lila gate rahane ko hi ve jivan ka paramananhd samajhate the. unaki dridh manhyata thi-
"roop prem ananhd ras jo kachhu jag men ahi.
so sab giridhar dev ko, nidharak baranaun tahi.."
golok prapti
nndadas ji ne snvat 1640 (1583 ee.) vikrami men golok prapht kiya. ve us samay manasi gnga par rahate the. ek bar akabar ki rajasabha men tanasen nndadas ka prasiddh pad "dekhau dekhau ri nagar nat niratat kalinhdi tat" ga rahe the. usaka antim charan tha- "nndadas tahn gavai nipat nikat." badashah ashhchary men pad gaye ki nndadas kis tarah 'nipat nikat' the. ve birabal ke sath unase milane ke liye manasi gnga par gaye. akabar ne nndadas se apani shnka ka samadhan chaha. nndadas ke pran premavihval ho gaye, unaki kamana ne unako anupranit kiya.
mohan piy ki musakani, dhalakani moramukut ki.
sada basau man mere pharkani piyare pat ki..
unake netr sada ke liye bnd ho gaye. gosaeen vitthalanath ne unake saubhaghyapoorn lila-pravesh ki sarahan ki. nndadas maharasik premi bhakt the.
kritiyan
nndadas ji ki nimnalikhit mukhy rachanaen hain-
pady rachana - 'rasapnchadhyayi', 'bhagavat dashamaskndh', 'rukminimngal', 'siddhant pnchadhyayi', 'roopamnjari', 'manamnjari', 'virahamnjari', 'namachintamanimala', 'anekarthanamamala', 'danalila', 'manalila', 'anekarthamnjari', 'gyanamnjari', 'shyamasagaee', 'bhramaragit', 'sudamacharitr'.
gadyarachana - 'hitopadesh', 'nasiketapuran'.
|
|
|
|
|