भगवतीचरण वर्मा हिन्दी देवनागरी में पढ़ें।
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bhagavaticharan varma (angrezi: Bhagwaticharan Verma, janm- 30 agast, 1903, uttar pradesh; mrityu- 5 aktoobar, 1981) hindi jagath ke pramukh sahityakar the. unhonne lekhan tatha patrakarita ke kshetr men hi pramukh roop se kary kiya. kavi ke roop men bhagavaticharan varma ke rediyo roopak 'mahakal', 'karn' aur 'dropadi'- jo 1956 ee. men 'tripathaga' ke nam se ek snkalan ke akar men prakashit hue, unaki vishisht kritiyan hain. yadyapi unaki prasiddh kavita 'bhainsagadi' ka adhunik hindi kavita ke itihas men apana mahattv hai.
jivan parichay
hindi ke prasiddh sahityakar bhagavaticharan varma ka janm 30 agast, 1903 ee. men unnav zile, uttar pradesh ke shaphipur ganv men hua tha. inhonne ilahabad vishvavidyalay se bi.e., el.el.bi. ki pariksha uttirn ki. bhagavaticharan varma ji ne lekhan tatha patrakarita ke kshetr men hi pramukh roop se kary kiya. isake bich-bich men inake film tatha akashavani se bhi sambaddh rahe. bad men yah svatntr lekhan ki vritti apanakar lakhanoo men bas gaye. inhen rajyasabha ki manad sadasyata prapt karayi gee.
bhagavaticharan varma ji ne ek bar apane sambandh men kaha tha-main mukhy roop se upanyasakar hoon, kavi nahin-aj mera upanyasakar hi sajag rah gaya hai, kavita se lagav chhoot gaya hai.koee unase sahamat ho ya n ho, yah mane ya n mane, ki ve mukhyat: upanyasakar hain aur kavita se unaka lagav chhoot gaya hai. unake adhikansh bhavak yah svikar karenge ki sachamuch hi kavita se varmaji ka sambandh vichchhinn ho gaya hai, ya ho sakata hai. unaki atma ka sahaj svar kavita ka hai, unaka vyaktitv shayarana alhadapan, rngini aur masti ka sudhara-snvara hua roop hai. ve kisi 'vad' vishesh ki paridhi men bahut dinon tak giraftar nahin rahe. yon ek-ek karake pray: pratyek 'vad' ko unhonne tatola hai, dekha hai, samajhane-apanane ki cheshta ki hai, par unaki sahaj svatantryapriyata, roomani baicheni, alhadapan aur masti, har bar unhen 'vadon' ki divaren todakar bahar nikal ane ke lie prerana deti rahi aur prerana ke sath-sath use karyanvit karane ki kshamata aur shakti bhi. yahi alhadapan aur roomani masti inake krititv men kisi bhi vidha ke antargat kyon n ho jahan ek or pran phoonk deti hai, vahin doosari or usake shilp paksh ki or se unhen kuchh-kuchh laparavah bhi bana deti hai. ve chhandobaddh kavita ke hami hain, usi ko kavita manate hain, par yah unaki sahaj svatantryapriyata ke prati niyati ka halka, mitha sa parihas hi hai.
visheshata
bhagavaticharan varma upadeshak nahin hain, n vicharak ke asan par baithane ki akanksha hi kabhi unake man men uthi. ve jivan bhar sahajata ke prati asthavan rahe, jo chhayavadottar hindi sahity ki ek pramukh visheshata rahi. ek ke bad ek 'vad' ko thok-bajakar dekhane ke bad jyon hi unhen vishvas hua ki usake sath unaka sahaj sambandh nahin ho sakata, use chhodakar gate-jhoomate, hnsate-hnsate age badhe. apane prati, apane 'ahn' ke prati unaka sahaj anurag akshunn bana raha. anek tedhe-medhe raston se ghumata hua unaka 'ahn' unhen apane sahajadharm aur sahajadharm ki khoj men jane kahan-kahan le gaya. unaka sahityik jivan kavita se bhi aur chhayavadi kavita se arambh hua, par n to ve chhayavadi kavyanubhooti ke ashariri adharon ke prati akarshit hue, n usaki atishay mridulata ko hi kabhi apana sake. isi prakar any 'vadon' men bhi kabhi poori tarah aur chirakal ke lie apane ko bandh nahin paye. apane 'ahn' ke prati itane eemanadar sadaiv rahe ki zabaran bndhane ki koshish nahin ki. kisi doosare ki manyataon ko bina svayn un par vishvas kiye apani manyataen nahin samajha. kahin se vichar ya darshan unhonne udhar nahin liya. jo the, usase bhinn dekhane ki cheshta kabhi nahin ki.
pramukh kritiyan
kavi ke roop men bhagavaticharan varma ke rediyo roopak 'mahakal', 'karn' aur 'dropadi'- jo 1956 ee. men 'tripathaga' ke nam se ek snkalan ke akar men prakashit hue hain, unaki vishisht kritiyan hain. yadyapi unaki prasiddh kavita 'bhainsagadi' ka adhunik hindi kavita ke itihas men apana mahattv hai. manavavadi drishtikon ke tatv, jinake adhar par pragativadi kavyadhara jani-pahachani jane lagi, 'bhainsagadi' men bhali-bhanti ubhar kar samane aye the. unaka pahala kavita sngrah 'madhukan' ke nam se 1932 ee. men prakashit hua. tadanantar do aur kavy sngrah 'prem sngit' aur 'manav' nikale. inhen kisi 'vad' vishesh ke antargat manana galat hai. roomani masti, niyativad, pragativad, antat: manavavad inaki vishishtata hai.
| upanyas | any kritiyan |
|---|---|
| apane khilaune | meri kahaniyan (kahani) |
| patan | morchabandi (kahani) |
| tin varsh | meri kavitaen (kavita) |
| chitralekha | atit ki gart se (snsmaran) |
| bhoole bisare chitr | sahity ke siddhant tatha roop (sahity alochana) |
| tedhe medhe raste | mere natak (kavita) |
| sidhi sachchi baten | vasiyat (kavita) |
| samarthy aur sima | 'instalament' |
| rekha | 'do banke' |
| vah phir nahin aee | 'rakh aur chinagari' (kahani 1953 ee.) |
| sabahin nachavat ram gosaeen | 'rupaya tumhen kha gaya' (natak 1955 ee.) |
| prashn aur marichika | 'vasavadatta' (sinariyon) |
| yuvaraj choonda | - |
| dhuppal | - |
sngit
varmaji ka sngit vina ya sitar ka nahin, harmoniyam ka sngit hai, usase gamak ki mang karana zyadati hai.
upanyasakar
bhagavaticharan varma mukhyataya upanyasakar hon ya kavi, nam unaka upanyasakar ke roop men hi adhik hua hai, visheshataya 'chitralekha' ke karan. 'tin varsh' nayi sabhyata ki chakachaundh se pathabhrasht yuvak ki manasik vyatha ki kahani hai. tin varsh aur tedhe-medhe raste rajanitik aur samajik prishthabhoomi men pray: yntravath parichalit patron ke madhyam se lekhak yah dikhane ki cheshta karata hai ki samaj ki drishti men oonchi aur udatt jan padanevali bhavanaon ke pichhe jo preranaen hain, ve aur kuchh nahin keval atyant samany svarthaparata aur lobh ki adham manovrittiyon ki hi den hain. akhiri danv ek juari ke asaphal prem ki katha hai aur apane khilaune (1957 ee.) nayi dilli ki 'maaurdan sosayati' par vyngyasharavarshan hai. inaka brihattam aur sarvadhik saphal upanyas bhoole bisare chitr (1959) hai, jisamen anubhooti aur snvedana ki kalatmak satyata ke sath unhonne tin pidhiyon ka, bharat ke svatntry andolan ke tin yugon ki prishthabhoomi men marmik chitran kiya hai.
puraskar
bhagavaticharan varma ko bhoole bisare chitr par sahity akadami puraskar aur padmabhooshan se sammanit kiya gaya.
mrityu
bhagavaticharan varma ka nidhan 5 aktoobar, 1981 ee. ko hua tha.
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tika tippani aur sndarbh
- ↑ bhagavaticharan varma (hindi) phan daaut. abhigaman tithi: 19 aprail, 2011.
- ↑ bhagavaticharan varma (hindi) (ech ti em el) hindikunj. abhigaman tithi: 19 aprail, 2011.
- ↑ bhagavaticharan varma (hindi) hindikunj. abhigaman tithi: 19 aprail, 2011.