कृष्णदास
krishnadas
| |
| janm | 1495 ee. |
| janm bhoomi | tilotara, rajanagar, gujarat |
| mrityu | 1575 se 1581 ee. ke bich mean |
| abhibhavak | keshavadas mishr aur taravati |
| karm bhoomi | braj |
| karm-kshetr | kavi |
| mukhy rachanaean | jugalaman charit, bhramaragit, prematattv niroopan, rag-kalpadrum, rag-ratnakar |
| vishay | sagun bhakti kavy |
| bhasha | braj bhasha |
| inhean bhi dekhean | kavi soochi, sahityakar soochi |
parichay
ashtachhap ke pratham char kaviyoan mean antim krishnadas adhikari haian. unaka janm sanh 1495 ee. ke asapas gujarat pradesh ke ek gramin kunabi parivar mean hua tha. sanh 1509 ee. mean ve pushtimarg mean dikshit hue aur sanh 1575 aur 1581 ee. ke bich unaka dehavasan hua. balyakal se hi krishnadas mean asadharan dharmik pravritti thi. 12-13 varsh ki avastha mean unhoanne apane pita ke ek chori ke aparadh ko pak dakar unhean mukhiya ke pad se hatava diya tha. isake phalasvaroop pita ne unhean ghar se nikal diya aur ve bhraman karate hue braj mean a gaye. usi samay shrinath ji ka svaroop navin mandir mean pratishthit kiya jane vala tha. shrinath ji ke darshan kar ve bahut prabhavit hue. ballabhachary ji se bheant kar unhoanne sampraday ki diksha grahan ki.
charitragat visheshata
krishnadas mean asadharan buddhimatta, vyavahar-kushalata aur sanghatan ki yogyata thi. pahale unhean vallabhachary ne bheantiya (bheant ugahanevala) ke pad par rakha aur phir unhean shrinathaji ke mandir ke adhikari ka pad sauanp diya. apane is uttaradayitv ka krishnadas ne b di yogyata se nirvah kiya. mandir par gau diy vaishnav sampraday ke bangali brahmanoan ka prabhav badhata dekhakar krishnadas ne chhal aur bal ka prayog kar unhean nikal diya. apane uddeshy ki poorti ke lie krishnadas ko bangaliyoan ki jhop diyoan mean ag lagani p di tatha unhean baansoan se pitavana p da. shrinathaji ke mandir mean krishnadas adhikari ka aisa ekadhipaty ho gaya tha ki ek bar unhoanne svayan gosaee vitthalanath se seva ka adhikar chhinakar unake bhatije shri purushottamaji ko de diya tha. lagabhag 6 mahine tak gosaee ji shrinath ji se viyukt hokar parasauli mean nivas karate rahe. maharaj birabal ne krishnadas ko is aparadh ke dandasvaroop bandikhane mean dalava diya tha parantu gosaeean ji ne maharaj birabal ki is ajna ke viruddh anashan kar krishnadas ko mukt kara diya. vitthalanath ji ki is udarata se prabhavit hokar krishnadas ko apane mithya ahankar par pashchatap hua aur unhoanne gosvami ji ke prati bhi bhakti-bhav prakat karana prarambh kar diya tatha unaki prashansa mean ve pad-rachana bhi karane lage. vastav mean gosvamiji ke prati krishnadas ne jo durvyavahar kiya tha, usaka karan kuchh aur tha. gangabaee namak ek kshatrani se krishnadas ki gahari mitrata thi. ek bar gosvami ji ne unake is sambandh par kuchh katu vyangy kiya jisase krishnadas ne asantusht hokar unase yah badala liya. ek bar visham jvar ki avastha mean pyas lagane par unhoanne vrindavan ke anyamargiy vaishnav brahmanoan ke yahaan jal nahian piya, jab ek pushtimargiy bhangi ke yahaan ka jal laya gaya tab unhoanne apani pyas bujhayi.
pushtimarg aur krishnadas
charitr ki itani durbalataean hote hue bhi krishnadas ko sampradayik siddhantoan ka bahut achchha jnan tha aur bhaktagan unake upadeshoan ke lie atyant utsuk raha karate the. jati ke shoodr hote hue bhi sampraday mean unaka sthan us samay agragany tha aur unhoanne pushtimarg ke prachar mean jo samayik yog diya vah kadachit ashtachhap mean any bhakt kaviyoan ki apeksha kahian adhik saraha jata tha. krishnadas ne krishnalila ke anek prasangoan par pad-rachana ki hai. prasiddh hai ki padarachala mean sooradas ke sath ve pratispardha karate the. is kshetr mean bhi apane svabhav ke anusar unaki ichchha sarvopari sthan grahan karane ki thi. bhale hi krishnadas ne uchchakoti ki kavyarachana n ki ho, unhoanne apane prabandh-kaushal dvara paristhitiyoan ke nirman mean avashy mahattvapoorn yog diya, jinake karan sooradas, paramanandadas, nandadas adi mahanh kaviyoan ko apani pratibha ka vikas karane ke lie avasar mila.
chaurasi vaishnavoan ki varta
krishnadas janm se shoodr hote hue bhi vallabhachary ke kripa-patr the aur mandir ke pradhan ho ge the. ‘chaurasi vaishnavoan ki varta’ ke anusar ek bar gosaeean vitthalanathaji se kisi bat par aprasann hokar inhoanne unaki dyodhi band kar di. is par gosaeean ke kripapatr maharaj birabal ne inhean kaid kar liya. pichhe gosaeean ji is bat se b de dukhi hue aur unako karagar se mukt karake pradhan ke pad par phir jyoan ka tyoan pratishthit kar diya. inhoanne bhi aur sab krishna bhaktoan ke saman radhakrishna ke prem ko lekar shrriangar ras ke hi pad gae haian. ‘jugalaman charit’ namak inaka ek chhota sa granth milata hai. isake atirikt inake banae do granth aur kahe jate haian- bhramaragit aur prematattv niroopan .
rachanaean
inaka kavitakal sanh 1550 ke asapas mana jata hai .
- jugalaman charit
- bhramaragit
- prematattv niroopan
krishnadas ke 'rag-kalpadrum', 'rag-ratnakar' aur sampraday ke kirtan sangrahoan mean prapt padoan ka vishay lagabhag vahi hai jo kumbhanadas ke padoan ka hai. atirikt vishayoan mean chandravaliji ki badhaee, gokulanathaji ki badhaee aur gosaeeanji ke hiandora ke pad vishesh ullekhaniy haian. krishnadas ke kul padoan ki sankhya 250 se adhik nahian hai. krishnadas ke padoan ka sangrah vidyavibhag, kaankaroli se prakashit hua hai.
tika tippani aur sandarbh
sahayak granth-
- chaurasi vaishnavan ki varta;
- ashtachhap aur vallabh sampraday : d aau. dinadayal gupt:
- ashtachhap parichay: shri prabhudayal mital.
sanbandhit lekh