मर्तबान

martaban
martaban|200px|center
vivaran	'martaban' chini mitti adi ke bane hue ek prakar ke golakar patr ko kaha jata hai. isaka istemal adhikaanshat: achar, murabbe tatha rasayan adi rakhane ke lie kiya jata
paryayavachi	hindi mean 'martaban' ko 'imartavan', 'amritaban', 'boeeyan', mritaban, amaritaban, marataban aur 'bot' bhi kahate haian.
shabd vyutpatti	'martaban' shabd ko yooan to arabi mool ka mana jata hai aur isaki vyutpatti 'mathaban' se bataee jati hai, jisaka abhipray 'baithi huee mudra' se hai, arthath 'sianhasan par baitha shasak'.
any janakari	afriki yatri ibnabatoota, jo 1350 mean bharat aya tha, usane likha hai ki- "shahajadi ne mujhe paridhan, do hathiyoan ke barabar chaval, char patr sharbat ke, das bhaian d, do bhaiansean aur char martaban bheant mean die the. in martabanoan mean kali mirch aur am bhare hue the."

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martaban chini mitti adi ke bane hue ek prakar ke golakar patr ko kaha jata hai. prachin samay se hi yah patr prayog mean laya jata tha. martaban ka istemal adhikaanshat: achar, murabbe tatha rasayan adi rakhane ke lie kiya jata tha. aj bhi isaka prayog gaanv dehatoan mean khoob kiya jata hai. rang-birange, chatakile aur akarshak shilpayukt martaban ghar ki saj-sajja mean bhi char chaand laga dete haian. yahi vajah hai ki ajakal ghar ko sundar banane aur sajane ke lie martaban ka chalan khasa lokapriy hai. adhe phut se lekar char-paanch phut tak ke martaban bhi chalan mean haian. sajavat ke kam ane vale ye martaban pheangshuee mean bhi vishesh mahatv rakhate haian. ab to inaka prayog guladaste ki tarah bhi kiya jata hai, jinamean kee prakar phooloan se inaki sundarata aur bhi badh jati hai.

nam tatha itihas

bharat mean martaban adhikaanshat: achar, tejab aur kee prakar ke rasayan adi rakhane ke lie prayog kiya jata hai. alag-alag bhashaoan aur deshoan mean isake kee nam bhi prapt hote haian. iravadi nadi ke delta ke poorv mean peangoo dvip ki kha di ke nikat 'telang' nam ka ek bandaragah tha, jise bad ke samay mean 'mut-ta-van' kaha jane laga tha. nadi jahaan samudr mean milati thi, vahian kinare par pegoo ke rajapootr 'moyaragiya' ka yah nagar tha. yah nagar aj myaanmar nam se prasiddh hai. san 1514 mean yah 'mut-ta-man' kahalane laga. yoorop ke yatriyoan ke anusar yahaan ke vyapari hisab-kitab rakhane mean kushal mane jate the. yahaan ke mukhy utpadan lakh aur kap da the. 'mutaman' nagar ka nam yoorop aur eshiya ke vyapariyoan ne 'martaban' kar diya. 1545 mean 'martaban' ko 'martabano' aur 1568 mean 'marataun' likha gaya. 1680 aur 1695 mean aangrezoan ne ise 'mortaban' kaha.

bharat mean agaman

1516 mean 'martaban' nagar mean chini mitti ke patr banate the, jinaka niryat hota tha. martaban nagar ke nam par hi in patroan ko videsh mean 'martaban' kaha jane laga. male mean bhi aise patr banate the. vahaan do phut ooanche patr ko 'ranba' aur b de patr ko 'martaban' kahate the. oman mean banane vale patr bhi 'martaban' kahalate the. 'arebiyan naits' mean inhean 'bartaman' kaha gaya hai. bharat mean yah patr madhy kal mean hi ane prarambh ho gaye the. videshi yatri ibnabatoota, jo ki 1350 mean bharat aya tha, usane likha hai ki- "shahajadi ne mujhe paridhan, do hathiyoan ke barabar chaval, char patr sharbat ke, das bhaian d, do bhaiansean aur char martaban bheant mean die the. in martabanoan mean kali mirch aur am bhare hue the. meri samudri yatra ke lie inhean namak mean taiyar kiya gaya tha." shahajadi ne am ka achar ibnabatoota ko bheant kiya tha. ibnabatoota shahajadi ka nam nahian janata tha. thumb|left|bikaneri martaban

1. 1598 ke ek vivaran ke anusar bharat ke lagabhag pratyek ghar mean 'marataun' hai. dempiyar ne varsh 1688 mean likha tha ki- "bharatiy inhean 'moantaban' kahate haian. ye pegoo se ate haian."
2. varsh 1727 mean hemiltan ne inhean 'martaban' likha.
3. 1851 mean pradarshit ek pradarshani mean pegoo ke in patroan ke namoonoan ko dikhaya gaya tha.
4. martaban ko telugoo bhasha mean 'martaban', hindi mean 'martaban' ke atirikt 'imartavan', 'amritaban', 'boeeyan', mritaban, amaritaban, marataban aur 'bot' bhi kahate haian.

bhashavid matabhed

'martaban' kis bhasha ka shabd hai, is par bhashavid ekamat nahian haian. ise aksar ajnat mool ka mana jata hai, kiantu aisa nahian hai. kuchh sakshy haian, jinake adhar par yah kaha ja sakata hai ki 'martaban' bharopiy mool ka shabd hai. vaise martaban ke lie hindi mean isake kee roop milate haian. kiantu martaban ka amrit shabd se koee lena dena nahian hai. 'martaban' bartan bhandoan ki shrankhala ka ek shabd hai, jo hindi mean khoob prachalit hai. yah shabd shahari sanskriti mean ab kam sunaee p data hai, kiantu gaanvoan-kasboan ki bhasha mean yah khoob prachalit hai. 'martaban' yani ek bhari peande, sankare muanh aur gahare pet vala chini mitti, kaanch ya dhatu ka aisa baratan, jisamean achar-murabboan ke alava rasayan ya davaean adi bhari jati haian. homyopaithi, ayurved aur yoonani hakimoan ke yahaan aj bhi ye martaban rakhe hue dikhaee dete haian.

shabd vyutpatti

'martaban' shabd ko yooan to arabi mool ka mana jata hai aur isaki vyutpatti 'mathaban' se bataee jati hai, jisaka abhipray 'baithi huee mudra' se hai, arthath 'sianhasan par baitha shasak'. aangrezi mean ek shabd hai- 'marjapain', jo yooropiy khan-pan shabdavali se aya hai, yani mithi bred, badam ka jaim, kaiandi ki tarah ki ek mithaee. arab mean shasak ki sianhasan par baithi mudra ke ek sikke ka nam bhi 'mathaban' tha. araboan ke spen se rishtoan ke madhyam se yah shabd yoorop mean pahuancha tha. vahaan bhi salib par tange prabhu eesa masih ki tasvir vale ek sikke ko yahi nam mila. bad mean is sikke ke akar ki ek kaiandi ko bhi yahi nam mil gaya.thumb|150px|fegshuee ka sajavati martaban yah bhi ullekhaniy hai ki sikke ke sath-sath marjapain mean sikke ka vazan athava akar ki map ka bhav bhi a gaya. kaiandi ke bandal, jis sandook mean rakhe jate the, use bhi yahi nam mila.

sajavat mean prayog

ajakal rang-birange, chatakile aur akarshak shilpayukt martaban ghar ki saj-sajja mean char chaand laga dete haian. yahi vajah hai ki ajakal ghar ko achchha roop dene ke lie bhi martaban ka chalan khasa lokapriy hai. adhe phut se lekar 4-5 phut ke martaban bhi khoob chalan mean haian. sajavat ke kam ane vale ye martaban pheangshuee mean bhi vishesh mahattv rakhate haian. martaban pheangshuee ke ati prachin aur prabhavashali bartanoan mean se ek hai. inaka sahi upayog ghar v karyalay mean sakaratmak oorja ka sanchar karata hai. yah sanbandhoan ko madhur banane mean bhi prabhavashali sabit hota hai. martaban prachin chini vastukala mean bhi ati upayogi mane jate the. avashyak nahian ki behatar parinam ke lie kisi aaurt m aaul mean milane vala mahanga martaban hi kharida jae. saste martaban bhi utane hi labhakari sabit hote haian. zaroorat hai sahi martaban ke chayan aur unake sahi upayog ki.

ghar mean rakhane ka sthan

feangshuee mean pile v lal rang ke martaban sabase prabhavashali mane gaye haian. pila v lal rang oorja, shakti v utsah ka pratik hai. in rangoan ke martaban ghar ke dakshin-pashchim bhag mean rakhane chahie. isase ghar mean sakaratmak oorja ka sanchar hota hai. porsalin yani chini mitti ke bane martaban ghar mean rakhana bhi shubh mana jata hai. chini mitti ke martaban par agar draigan ya phiniks arthath garu d pakshi ka chihn bana ho to aisa martaban ghar mean rakhana aur bhi saubhagyashali hota hai.

aisa vishvas kiya jata hai ki yadi kisi ke vivah mean vilamb ho raha hai to garu d ya dregan ke chihn vala matarban ghar mean rakhana chahie. isase vivah ka shighr yog banata hai. in martaban mean agar piyoniya ke phool rakhe jaean to shighr vivah ki sanbhavana aur badh jati hai. ghar mean prithvi tatv ke prabhav ko badhane ke lie martaban ko chhote-chhote pattharoan se bhar sakate haian. pattharoan ke sthan par phooloan ko bhi martaban mean sajaya ja sakata hai.

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