प्राचीन भारत
pashan yug- 70000 se 3300 ee.poo | |
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meharagadh sanskriti | 7000-3300 ee.poo |
sindhu ghati sabhyata- 3300-1700 ee.poo | |
h dappa sanskriti | 1700-1300 ee.poo |
vaidik kal- 1500–500 ee.poo | |
prachin bharat - 1200 ee.poo–240 ee. | |
mahajanapad | 700–300 ee.poo |
magadh samrajy | 545–320 ee.poo |
satavahan samrajy | 230 ee.poo-199 ee. |
maury samrajy | 321–184 ee.poo |
shuang samrajy | 184–123 ee.poo |
shak samrajy | 123 ee.poo–200 ee. |
kushan samrajy | 60–240 ee. |
poorv madhyakalin bharat- 240 ee.poo– 800 ee. | |
chol samrajy | 250 ee.poo- 1070 ee. |
gupt samrajy | 280–550 ee. |
pal samrajy | 750–1174 ee. |
pratihar samrajy | 830–963 ee. |
rajapoot kal | 900–1162 ee. |
madhyakalin bharat- 500 ee.– 1761 ee. | |
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adhunik bharat- 1762–1947 ee. | |
maratha samrajy | 1674-1818 ee. |
sikh rajyasangh | 1716-1849 ee. |
aupanivesh kal | 1760-1947 ee. |
1200 ee.poo se 240 ee. tak ka bharatiy itihas, prachin bharat ka itihas kahalata hai. isake bad ke bharat ko madhyakalin bharat kahate haian jisamean mukhyatah muslim shasakoan ka prabhutv raha tha. prachin bharat ke itihas mean mukhyat: maury kal, shuang kal, shak evan kushan kal ate haian.
maury aur shuang
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy
yoonani itihasakaroan ke dvara varnit 'presiaee' desh ka raja itana shaktishali tha ki sikandar ki senaean vyas par karake presiaee desh mean nahian ghus sakian aur sikandar, jisane 326 ee. mean panjab par hamala kiya, pichhe lautane ke lie vivash ho gaya. vah siandhu ke marg se pichhe laut gaya. is ghatana ke bad hi magadh par chandragupt maury (lagabhag 322 ee. poo.-298 ee. poo.) ne panjab mean sikandar jin yoonani adhikariyoan ko chho d gaya tha, unhean nikal bahar kiya aur bad mean ek yuddh mean sikandar ke senapati selyukas ko hara diya. selyukas ne hindookush tak ka sara pradesh vapas lauta kar chandragupt maury se sandhi kar li. chandragupt ne sare uttari bharat par apana prabhutv sthapit kiya. [[chitr:kanishk.jpg|thumb|100px|left|kanishk]] usane sambhvatah dakshin bhi vijay kar liya. vah apane is vishal samrajy par apani rajadhani pataliputr se shasan karata tha. usaki rajadhani pataliputr vaibhav aur samriddhi mean soosa aur ekabatana nagariyoan ko bhi mat karati thi. usaka pautr ashok tha, jisane kaliang (u disa) ko jita. usaka samrajy himalay ke padamool se lekar dakshin mean pannar nadi tak tatha uttar pashchim mean hindookush se lekar uttar-poorv mean asam ki sima tak vistrit tha. usane apane vishal samrajy ke samay sadhanoan ko manushyoan tatha pashuoan ke kalyan karyoan tatha bauddh dharm ke prasar mean lagakar amit yash prapt kiya. usane bauddh dharm ke prachar ke lie bhikshuoan ko misr, maqadooniya tatha korinth (prachin yoonan ki vilas nagari) jaise door-daraj sthanoan mean bheja aur vahaan lokopakari kary karavaye. usake prayatnoan se bauddh dharm vishvadharm ban gaya. parantu usaki yuddh se virat rahane ki shantipoorn niti ne usake vansh ki shakti kshin kar di aur lagabhag adhi shatabdi ke bad pushyamitr ne usaka uchchhed kar diya. pushyamitr ne shuangavansh (lagabhag 185 ee. poo.- 73 ee. poo.) ki sthapana ki, jisaka uchchhed karav vansh (lagabhag 73 ee. poo.-28 ee. poo.) ne kar diya.
- REDIRECTsaancha:inhean bhi dekhean
shak, kushan aur satavahan
[[chitr:Menander-Coin.jpg|thumb|left|130px|miliand (minaandar) ka sikka]] mauryavansh ke patan ke bad magadh ki shakti ghatane lagi aur satavahan rajaoan ke netritv mean magadh samrajy dakshin se alag ho gaya. satavahan vansh ko andhr vansh bhi kahate haian aur usane 50 ee. poo. se 225 ee. tak rajy kiya. bharat mean ek shaktishali kendriy sarakar ke abhav mean baiktriya aur parthiya ke rajaoan ne uttari bharat par akraman shuroo kar diye. in akramanakari rajaoan mean minandar sabase vikhyat hai. isake bad hi shak rajaoan ke akraman shuroo ho gaye aur maharashtr, saurashtr tatha mathura shak kshatrapoan ke shasan mean a gaye. is tarah bharat ki jo rajanitik ekata bhang ho gayi thi, vah eesvian pahali shatabdi mean kujul kadafaisis dvara kushan vansh ki shuruat se phir sthapit ho gayi. is vansh ne tisari shatabdi eesvian ke madhy tak uttari bharat par rajy kiya. [[chitr:RabatakInscription.jpg|thumb|left|130px|rabatak lekh]] is vansh ka sabase prasiddh raja kanishk (lagabhag 120-144 ee.) tha, jisaki rajadhani purushapur athava peshavar thi. usane bauddh dharm grahan kar liya aur ashvaghosh, nagarjun tatha charak jaise bharatiy vidvanoan ko sanrakshan diya. kushanavansh ka ajnat karanoan se tisari shatabdi ke madhy tak patan ho gaya. isake bad bharatiy itihas ka aandhakar yug arambh hota hai. jo chauthi shatabdi ke arambh mean guptavansh ke uday se samapt hua.
- REDIRECTsaancha:inhean bhi dekhean
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh