कथासरित्सागर

kathasaritsagar
kathasaritsagar|200px|center
vivaran	'kathasaritsagar' sanskrit katha sahity ka shiromani granth hai. ise gunadhy ki 'brihatkatha' bhi kaha jata hai. mithak aur itihas, yatharth v phantasi, sachchaee aur iandrajal ka anootha sangam isamean hua hai.
lekhak	somadev bhatt
rachana kal	1063 ee. aur 1082 ee. ke madhy
bhasha	sanskrit
pady	21,388 pady haian aur ise 124 tarangoan mean baanta gaya hai.
charitr	kathasaritsagar ki kahaniyoan mean anek adbhut nari charitr aur itihas prasiddh nayakoan ki kathaean haian.
vishesh	kathasaritsagar ka ek doosara sanskaran bhi prapt hai, jisamean 18 lanbak haian. lanbak ka mool sanskrit roop 'lanbhak' tha.
any janakari	somadev bhatt ne saral aur akritrim rahate hue akarshak evan suandar roop mean 'kathasaritsagar' ke madhyam se anek kathaean prastut ki haian, jo nishchit hi bharatiy manisha ka ek anyatam udaharan hai.

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kathasaritsagar vishvakatha sahity ko bharat ki anoothi den hai. yah sanskrit katha sahity ka shiromani granth hai, jisaki rachana kashmiri pandit somadev bhatt ne ki thi. 'kathasaritsagar' ko gunadhy ki 'brihatkatha' bhi kaha jata hai. yah sabase pahale prakrit bhasha mean likha gaya tha. 'vrihatkatha' sanskrit sahity ki paranpara ko sarvadhik prabhavit karane vala granth hai. gunadhy ko valmiki aur vyas ke saman hi adaraniy bhi mana hai.

bharatiy katha paranpara ka mahakosh

'brihatkatha' bharatiy katha paranpara ka mahakosh hai. mithak aur itihas, yatharth aur phantasi, sachchaee aur iandrajal ka anootha sangam isamean hua hai. kathasaritsagar ki kahaniyoan mean anek adbhut nari charitr bhi haian aur itihas prasiddh nayakoan ki kathaean bhi haian. bharatiy samaj jitani vividhata aur bahurangi chhata mean yahaan prastut hai, utana any kisi prachin katha granth mean nahian milata. kathasaritsagar kathaoan ki aisi manjoosha prastut karata hai, jisamean ek b di manjoosha ke bhitar doosari, doosari ko kholane par tisari nikal ati hai. mool katha mean anek kathaoan ko samet lene ki yah paddhati rochak bhi hai aur jatil bhi.

rachana kal

'kathasaritsagar' katha sahity ka shiromani granth hai. isaki rachana kashmir mean pandit somadev bhatt ne trigart athava kulloo kaang da ke raja ki putri, kashmir ke raja anant ki rani sooryamati ke manovinodarth hetu 1063 ee. aur 1082 ee. ke madhy sanskrit mean ki thi. kathasaritsagar mean 21,388 pady haian aur ise 124 tarangoan mean baanta gaya hai. isaka ek doosara sanskaran bhi prapt hai, jisamean 18 lanbak haian. lanbak ka mool sanskrit roop lanbhak tha. vivah dvara stri ki prapti 'lanbh' kahalati thi aur usi ki katha ke lie lanbhak shabd prayukt hota tha. isilie 'ratnaprabha', 'lanbak', 'madanamanchuka lanbak', 'sooryaprabha lanbak' adi alag-alag kathaoan ke adhar par vibhinn shirshak die ge hoange.

shiv-parvati prasang

ek samay parvati ne dekha ki aj shiv prasann haian. bahut hans-hans kar bol rahe haian, to unhoanne phir vahi anurodh dohara diya, jo ve kee varshoan se dohara rahi thian ki "hamean koee suandar si katha sunaiye n bhagavan! aisi katha jo kisi ne na suni ho, kisi ko n ati ho. kitane dinoan se kah rahi hooan ap se. ap bas tal dete haian." shiv muskuraye! phir dhyanamagn ho ge.  bat to sach thi. uma kitane hi varshoan se kahati a rahi haian. katha aisi ho ki man laga rahe. b di bhi ho, itani b di ki sunate-kahate gananatit samay nikal jae. phir katha aisi bhi ho ki kisi ne kisi se aj tak n kahi ho, n kisi ne kisi se suni ho.

shiv samadhi mean doobe aur vidyadharoan ki kathaean ek-ek kar unake chitt mean prakashit hone lagian. "yah kya? ab to ap sun bhi nahian rahe haian." unhean maun dekhakar parvati ne tunak kar kaha. shiv ki samadhi bhang huee. ve hanse, phir bole- "chalo aj katha suna hi dete haian." "ap jab tab katha jaisi katha suna dete haian, vaisi nahian. hamean apase b di katha sunani hai." "haan, haan, brihatkatha sunayeange... ab to prasann ho. aur jo kisi ko n ati ho", shiv ne phir hans kar doharaya. "kisi ko nahian sunane dooangi. akeli maian hi sunooangi." parvati ne hath kiya. parvati ke hath ke age bhala bhagavan shiv ki chal sakati thi? parvati ko sath lekar ve kailash parvat ki apani gufa mean baithe to baithe hi rah ge. ve katha sunate ge, sunate ge... parvati sunati rahian. donoan ko dhyan hi nahian raha ki kitana samay bit gaya. din par din, mahine par mahine, varsh par varsh. katha aisi ki samapt hone ko na aye. gufa ke dvar par nandi pahara dete rahe. kisi ko bhitar ane ki anumati nahian di gee. is tarah parvati ne shiv se brihatkatha suni. sun kar ve tript hueean, mudit hueean.

ek bar parvati, jaya, vijaya adi ke bich baithi thian. unake ji mean aya ki shankar ke mukh se suni katha in logoan ko bhi suna dean. ve bolian- "chalo, maian tum logoan ko aisi katha sunati hooan, jo aj tak mere atirikt kisi ne nahian suni hai." ve brihatkatha sunane lagian. jaya ne bich mean tok kar kaha, "devi, yah katha to meri suni huee hai aur vah parvati ko age ki katha batane lagi. parvati pahale to stabdh rah gayian, phir vispharit netroan se jaya ko takane lagian. "tujhe yah katha ati hai?" doobate svar mean unhoanne jaya se poochha. haan! yah katha maianne apane pati pushpadant se suni hai. parvati ki aankhean krodh se lal ho uthian, oanth kaanpane lage. aisa kyoan kiya bhagavan shiv ne? unhoanne yahi katha pushpadant ko kyoan suna di? ve uthian aur aandhi ki tarah bhagavan shiv ke samane ja pahuanchi. krodh aur apaman se ruanase svar mean unhoanne bhagavan se kaha, "yah apane kya kiya? apane vah katha apane ganoan ko bhi sunaee hai. aisa apane kyoan kiya?" maianne to vah katha tumhare atirikt kabhi kisi ko nahian sunaee. vah katha to sabako vidit hai. pushpadant ne jaya ko vahi katha sunaee. eershya se uma ki bhauhean tedhi ho gayi thian. shiv mugdh ho kar us or takate rah ge. phir hans kar bole, "hamane apane kisi gan ko kabhi bhi brihatkatha nahian sunaee." nandi se kaho sare ganoan ko hamare samaksh upasthit karean.

bhay se thar thar kaanpate pushpadant ne sare ganoan ki upasthiti mean bhagavan ke age apana aparadh svikar kar liya. jab bhagavan devi ko katha sunane ka upakram kar rahe the, tabhi vah unake darshan ke lie pahuancha tha. nandi ne gufa mean jane ka nishedh kiya tha. tab vah adbhut katha sunane ke lobh se yogashakti se adrishy ho kar gufa mean ja chhipa aur usane poori katha sun li aur phir jaya ko usane vahi katha sunaee. nich tera yah sahas! parvati ke netroan se chiangariyaan chhootane lagian. pushpadant ki ghigghi bandh gayi. usake mitr malyavan ne sahas kiya aur age badh kar uma bhagavati ke charanoan par matha rakh diya phir kaha, is moorkh ne kautuhalavash yah dhrishtata kar dali hai maan! isaka pahala aparadh kshama karean." "achchha, to too isaka paksh le raha hai. maian tum donoan ko shap deti hooan, tum donoan manushy yoni mean ja giro, jao." shiv chupachap baithe muskurate rahe. parvati aur apane ganoan ke bich ve kuchh nahian bole.

pati ko shap milane ki bat sun jaya dau di huee aee aur ro-ro kar parvati se daya ki bhikh maangane lagi. donoan shapagrast ganoan ne bhi mata ke charanoan par matha tek diya. akhir parvati dravit hueean. shapamukti ka upay batate hue unhoanne kaha, "supratik namak ek yaksh shapagrast hokar kanabhooti ke nam se vindhy ke van mean pishach ban kar rahata hai. suno pushpadant, jab manushy yoni mean tum use yahi katha suna doge, to tumhari shapamukti ho jaegi. yah malyavan us kanabhooti se yah katha sunakar manushyoni mean isaka prachar karega, tab isaki bhi mukti hogi.

pushpadant aur malyavan usi kshan manushy yoni mean ja gire. bahut samay bit gaya. parvati ke man mean kachot hoti rahati thi ki nahak tanik-si bat par unhoanne apane pati ke priy sevakoan ko mrityu lok mean nirvasit kar diya. ek din unhoanne bhagavan shiv se poochh hi liya, "un donoan ganoan ka kya hua bhagavan. ve laut kar kailash kab ayeange?" shiv phir muskuraye aur kaha, "pahale to shap de diya, ab karuna se dravit ho rahi ho. par hamean achchha laga. dharati par ja kar hamara pushpadant to bahut b da vyakti ban gaya." achchha! chakit hokar parvati ne vispharit nayanoan se unhean niharate hue kaha, "kya ban gaya vah?" vah dekho, shiv ne dharati ki or bahut niche dikhate hue kaha, "vahaan vindhy ke van mean us vyakti ko dekh rahi ho? parvati ne poochha- "kaun hai vah?" shiv bole- "vah pushpadant hai. vah pataliputr ke raja nand ka mantri vararuchi ban gaya hai aur vah us shapagrast yaksh ke pas tumhari priy kathaean sunane ja raha hai. yah vararuchi katyayan ke nam se bhi jana jata hai. yah vyakaran ka pandit ban gaya hai."

vararuchi ki katha

vararuchi ke muanh se brihatkatha sunakar pishach yoni mean vindhy ke bih d mean rahane vala yaksh kanabhooti shap se mukt hua aur usane vararuchi ki prashansa karate hue kaha, "ap to shiv ke avatar pratit hote haian. shiv ke atirikt aisi kathaean aur kaun suna sakata hai! yadi gopaniy n ho, to ap apani katha bhi mujhe sunaie." vararuchi ne kaha, "suno kanabhooti, maian tumhean apani ramakahani bhi suna deta hooan."

kaushambi mean somadatt namak brahman rahate the. vasudatta unaki patni thi. yah hi mere pita aur mata the. mere shaishav mean hi pita ka svargavas ho gaya. mata ne b de kasht uthakar mujhe pala. ek bar ki bat hai. do batohi hamare ghar aye. donoan brahman the aur b di door se chalakar a rahe the. thake hone se hamane apane ghar unhean thahara liya. rat ka samay tha. door se mridang ki thap sunaee di. sunate hi meri maan ki aankhean aansuoan se dabadaba ayian aur usane mujhase kaha, "beta, ye tumhare pita ke mitr nand haian. ye b de achchhe nartak haian. gaanv mean inaka nartan ho raha hai. maian to bachcha hi tha. ullasit hokar bola, "maan maian nand chacha ka nartan dekhane jata hooan. phir tumako unake abhinay ke sare sanvad aksharashah sunaooanga aur unaka nartan bhi vaisa ka vaisa hi karake dikhaooanga." ham donoan maan-bete ki batachit donoan abhyagat sun rahe the. unamean se ek ne b de kautuk se poochha, "mata, yah balak kya kah raha hai?" meri mata ne kaha, "mera beta vararuchi vilakshan buddhi vala hai. ek bar jo bhi dekh aur sun leta hai, vaisa ka vaisa hi yah turat yad kar leta hai." meri pariksha lene ke lie us brahman ne pratishakhy ka ek path mere age bola. maianne suna aur jas ka tas dohara diya. tab to vah brahman meri maan ke charanoan par gir p da aur bola, "mata, maian vyadi hooan. yah mera mitr indradatt hai. ham donoan aise hi vilakshan buddhi vale vyakti ko khoj rahe haian. apake ghar akar hamara janm saphal ho gaya." meri maan ke poochhane par vyadi ne apana vrittaant is prakar bataya-

"vetas namak nagar mean devasvami aur karambhak namak do brahman bhaee rahate the, unamean se ek ka putr maian vyadi hooan aur doosare ka yah indradatt hai. mere pita to mere janm ke bad hi chal base aur unake du:kh mean kuchh samay bad is indradatt ke pita ne bhi deh tyag diya. patiyoan ke n rahane par ham donoan ki mataean bhi shok mean ghul-ghulakar chal basian. ham donoan anath ho gaye. idhar-udhar bhatakane lage. dhan hamare pas bahut tha, vidya nahian thi. to ham donoan ne kumar kartikey ki aradhana ki. ek din kartikey ne hamean svapn mean darshan diye aur bataya ki pataliputr namak nagar mean, jahaan raja nand rajy karata hai, vahaan 'varsh' namak ek brahman rahata hai, usase ham donoan ko vidya mil sakati hai. ham donoan pataliputr pahuanche. bahut poochhatachh karane par logoan ne bataya ki varsh nam ka koee moorkh rahata to isi nagar mean hai. jis dhang se pataliputr ke logoan ne varsh ka nam liya, usase to hamara man hi doob gaya. astu kisi tarah varsh ke ghar ka pata lagakar ham vahaan pahuanche. varsh ka ghar choohoan ke biloan se bhara hua tha. usaki divarean jarjar thian aur chhappar to lagabhag u d hi gaya tha. usi ghar mean varsh dhyan lagaye hue baithe the. unaki patni ne hamara atithy kiya. vah moortimati durgati ke saman lagati thi- dhoosar deh, krish kaya aur phate-purane kap de. hamane use apane ane ka prayojan bataya to usane kaha, "tum log mere betoan jaise ho. maian tumhean apani katha sunati hooan. varsh ki patni ne apani kahani is prakar batayi-

isi pataliputr nagar mean shankarasvami namak brahman rahata tha. usake do putr hue, ek tha mera pati 'varsh' aur doosare 'upavarsh'. mere pati moorkh aur daridr nikal gaye, jabaki chhote bhaee upavarsh b de vidvanh aur dhani the. ek bar varsha ka samay tha. striyaan is rritu mean gu d aur ate ki pithi se guptaangoan ki moortiyaan banakar hansi-hansi mean moorkh brahmanoan ko dan deti haian. yah kutsit riti yahaan chali a rahi hai. meri devarani ko aur koee brahman nahian mila, to usane apana jugupsit dan apane jeth arthath mere hi in patidev ko de diya aur ye moorkharaj prasann hokar use ghar bhi le aye.

'devarani ke is apamanajanak vyavahar se to mere tan mean ag lag gayi aur maianne apane pati ko khoob phatakara. inhean bhi apani moorkhata aur ajnan par b da pachhatava hua aur ye kumar kartikey ki aradhana karane lage. kumar kartikey ne inhean varadan diya ki tumhean sari vidyaean prakashit ho jaeangi, par tumhean apana sara jnan kisi shrutadhar ko hi sabase pahale batana hoga.'

itani katha sunakar varsh ki patni ne ham donoan se kaha, "to putro, yadi tumhean mere patidev se sara jnan arjit karana hai, to kisi shrutadhar ko khojo. ye apani vidya keval usi ko bata sakate haian, any kisi ko nahian. varsh ki patni ki bat sunakar hamane sabase pahale to use sau svarnamudraean dian, jisase usaki daridrata kuchh samay ke lie door ho sake. tab se ham kisi shrutadhar balak ko khoj rahe haian. vararuchi ne kanabhooti se kaha, vyadi tatha indradatt ki itani katha sunakar meri maan ne kaha- "putro, mere is bete vararuchi ke janm ke samay akashavani huee thi ki yah varsh namak upadhyay se sari vidyaean prapt karega. itane varshoan se maian to svayan is chinta mean ghuli ja rahi hooan ki varsh nam ke guru mere bete ko kab aur kahaan mileange. tum logoan ne meri chinta door kar di. tum ise le jao." tab vyadi aur indradatt ne meri maan ko bhi prachur dhan diya aur mujhe lekar pataliputr mean varsh gurudev ke pas pahuanche.

maian, vyadi tatha indradatt, tinoan upadhyay varsh ke samane pavitr bhoomi par baithe. varsh sare shastr bolate chale gaye aur maian ek bar sunakar sab yad karata gaya. vyadi mean kisi bhi shastr ko do bar sunakar yad kar lene ki yogyata thi aur indradatt tin bar sunakar yad rakh sakata tha. maian ek bar sunakar smaran kiye hue shastr ko bad mean un donoan ke samane sunata, to ve shastr pahale vyadi ko yad ho jate, phir vyadi unhean indradatt ko sunata, to tisari bar sun lene se indradatt ko bhi ve yad hote jate. phir kya tha, sare pataliputr mean varsh ke adbhut shastrajnan aur usake sath hamari yogyata ki bhi dhoom mach gayi. samooh ke samooh brahman mahajnani varsh ke darshan ke lie ane lage aur jab yah sari bat raja nand ko vidit huee, to unhoanne varsh ke ghar ko dhan-dhany se bhar diya.

gunadhy ki 'brihatkatha'

'kathasaritsagar' gunadhh‌y krit 'b d katha' (brihatkatha) par adhrit hai, jo paishachi bhasha mean thi. somadev ne svayan kathasaritsagar ke aranbh mean kaha hai- "maian brihatkatha ke sar ka sangrah kar raha hooan." b d katha ki rachana gunadhy ne satavahan rajaoan ke shasanakal mean ki thi, jinaka samay eesa ki pratham dvitiy shati ke lagabhag mana jata hai. aandhr-satavahan yug mean bharatiy vyapar unnati ke charam shikhar par tha. sthal tatha jal margoan par anek sarthavah naukaean aur pot samooh din rat chalate the. at: vyapariyoan aur unake sahakarmiyoan ke manoranjanarth, desh-deshaantar-bhraman mean prapt anubhavoan ke adhar par anek kathaoan ki rachana svabhavik thi. gunadhy ne sarthoan, navikoan aur saanyatrik vyapariyoan mean prachalit vividh kathaoan ko apani vilakshan pratibha se guanphit kar, b d katha ke roop mean prastut kar diya tha.

mool 'b d katha' ab prapy nahian hai, parantu isake jo do roopaantar bane, unamean char ab tak prapt haian. inamean sabase purana budhasvami krit 'brihatkatha shlok sangrah' hai. yah sanskrit mean hai aur isaka pranayan, ek mat se, lagabhag eesa ki paanchavian shati mean tatha doosare mat se, athavian athava navian shati mean hua. moolat: isamean 28 sarg tatha 4,539 shlok the, kiantu ab yah khandash: prapt hai. isake karta budhasvami ne 'brihatkatha' ko guptakalin svarnayug ki sanskriti ke anuroop dhalane ka yatn kiya hai. 'brihatkatha shlok sangrah' ko viddhanh‌ brihatkatha ki nepali vachana manate haian, kiantu isaka keval hastalekh hi nepal mean mila hai, any koee nepali prabhav isamean dikhaee nahian p data.

'brihatkatha' ke mool roop ka anuman lagane ke lie sanghadasagani krit 'vasudev hiandi' ka prapt hona mahatvapoorn ghatana hai. isaki rachana bhi 'brihatkatha shlok sangrah' ke pray: sath hi ya sanbhavat: 100 varsh ke bhitar huee. 'vasudev hianddi' ka adhar bhi yadyapi brihatkatha hi hai, to bhi granth ke that aur uddeshy mean kafi pherabadal kar diya gaya hai. brihatkatha matr laukik kamakatha thi, jisamean vatsaraj udayan ke putr naravahanadatt ke vibhinn vivahoan ke akhyan the, lekin vasudev hiandi mean jain dharm sanbandhi anek prasang sammilit karake, use dharmakatha ka roop de diya gaya hai. itana hi nahian, isaka nayak naravahanadatt n hokar, aandhak vrishni vansh ke prasiddh purush vasudev haian. 'hiandi' shabd ka arth paryatan athava paribhraman hai. vasudev hiandi mean 29 lanbak haian aur maharashtri prakrit bhasha mean gady shaili ke madhyam se lagabhag 11,000 shlok praman ki samagri mean vasudev ke 100 varsh ke paribhraman ka vrittaant hai, jisamean ve 29 vivah karate haian. sab kuchh milakar lagata hai ki vasudev hiandi brihatkatha ka paryapt prachin roopaantar hai.

vrihatkathamanjari

'vasudev hiandi' ke anantar kshemeandr krit 'vrihatkathamanjari' ka sthan hai. kshemeandr kashmir naresh anant (1029-1064 ee.) ki sabha ke sabhasad the. unaka mool nam vyasadas tha. 'ramayanamanjari', 'bharatamanjari', 'avadanakalpalata', 'kalavilas', 'deshopadesh', 'narmamala' aur 'samayamatrika' namak granthoan mean kshemeandr ki pratibha ka utkrisht roop milata hai. kshemeandr krit 'brihatkathamanjari' mean 18 lanbak haian aur unake nam bhi somadev ke lanbakoan se milate haian. isamean lagabhag 7,540 shlok haian aur lekhak ne shabdalaghav ke madhyam se sankshep mean suruchipoorn premakathaean prastut ki haian, jinaka mooladhar brihatkatha ki kahaniyaan hi haian.

lanbak

'kathasaritsagar' mean pahala lanbak kathapith hai. gunadhy sanbandhi kathanak usaka vishay hai, jisamean parvati ke shap se shiv ka gan pushpadant vararuchi katyayan ke roop mean janm leta hai aur usaka bhaee malyavan gunadhy ke nam se utpann hota hai. vararuchi viandhy parvatamala mean kanabhooti namak pishach ko shankar dvara parvati ko sunaee gee sat kathaean sunata hai. gunadhy kan bhoomi se ukt kathaean sunakar 'brihatkatha' ki rachana karata hai, jisake chhah bhag ag mean nasht ho jate haian aur keval satavaan bhag hi shesh bachata hai, jisake adhar par 'kathasaritsagar' ki rachana ki jati hai.

doosara lanbak 'kathamukh' aur tisara 'lavanak' hai, jisamean vatsaraj udayan, usaki rani vasavadatta, mantri yaugandharayan, padmavati adi ki kathaean haian. chauthe lanbak mean naravahanadatt ka janm hai. shesh chaturdarika, madanamanchuka, ratnaprabha, sooryaprabha, alankaravati, shaktiyashash‌, vela, shashaankavati, madiravati, panch, mahabhishek, suratamanjari, padmavati tatha vishamashil ityadi lanbakoan mean naravahanadatt ke sahasik krityoan, yatraoan, vivahoan adi ki romaanchak kathaean haian, jinamean adbhut kanyaoan aur unake sahasi premiyoan, rajaoan tatha nagaroan, rajatantr evan shadyantr, jadoo aur tone, chhal evan kapat, hatya aur yuddh, raktapayi vetal, pishach, yaksh aur pret, pashupakshiyoan ki sachchi aur gadhi huee kahaniyaan evan bhikhamange, sadhu, piyakk d, juari, veshya, vit tatha kuttani adi ki vividh kahaniyaan sankalit haian. itana hi nahian, 'vetal panchavianshati' ki 25 kahaniyaan tatha panchatantr ki bhi anek kahaniyaan isamean mil jati haian. si.ech.tani aur en.em.peanjar ne 'kathasaritsagar' ka ek pramanik aangrezi anuvad (1924-1928 ee.) 10 bhagoan mean 'di oshan aauv stori' nam se prakashit karavaya, jisamean anek pad-tippaniyoan tatha nibandhoan ke madhyam se bharatiy kathaoan evan kathanak roodhiyoan par bahumooly samagri jutaee gee hai.

bhasha-shaili

somadev ki bhasha saral evan parishkrit hai tatha usamean kshemendr jaisi durboandhata nahian milati. isamean samasoan ki bahulata ka abhav hai. somadev ki shaili mean adbhut akarshan hai. din-pratidin ke vyavahar mean ane vali sundar sooktiyoan ka prayog kavi ne kiya hai. sthan-sthan par niti vishayak upadeshoan ki bharamar hai. 'kathasaritsagar' ki kahaniyoan mean anek adbhut nari charitr bhi haian aur itihas ke prasiddh nayakoan ki kathaean bhi. bharatiy samaj jitani vividhata aur bahurangi chhata mean yahaan prastut hai, utana any kisi prachin katha granth mean nahian milata. 'kathasaritsagar' kathaoan ki aisi manjoosha prastut karata hai, jisamean ek b di manjoosha ke bhitar doosari, doosari ko kholane par tisari nikal ati hai. mool katha mean anek kathaoan ko samet lene ki yah paddhati rochak bhi hai aur jatil bhi.

pustak 'gunadhy evan brihatkatha'

freanch vidvanh lokat ne 'gunadhy evan brihatkatha' namak apani pustak mean likha hai-

"apane do kashmiri roopaantaroan, 'kathasaritsagar' aur 'brihatkathamanjari' mean gunadhy ki mool 'brihatkatha' atyant bhrasht evan avyavasthit roop mean upalabdh hai. in granthoan mean anek sthaloan par mool granth ka sankshipt saroddhar kar diya gaya hai, aur inamean mool granth ke kee aansh chho d bhi die ge haian evan kitane hi ne aansh prakshep roop mean jo d die ge haian. is tarah mool granth ki vastu aur ayojana mean bedhange pheraphar ho ge. phalasvaroop, in kashmiri kritiyoan mean kee prakar ki asangatiyaan a geean aur jo de hue aanshoan ke karan mool granth ka svaroop paryapt bhrasht ho gaya. is sthiti mean budhasvami ke granth mean vastu ki ayojana dvara mool prachin brihatkatha ka sachcha chitr prapt hota hai. kiantu khed hai ki yah chitr poora nahian hai, kyoanki budhasvami ke granth ka keval chaturthaansh hi upalabdh hai. isalie keval usi aansh ka kashmiri kritiyoan ke sath tulanatmak milan shaky hai."

aant mean kaha ja sakata hai ki somadev bhatt ne saral aur akritrim rahate hue akarshak evan suandar roop mean 'kathasaritsagar' ke madhyam se anek kathaean prastut ki haian, jo nishchit hi bharatiy manisha ka ek anyatam udaharan hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh