अग्रहार
agrahar
| |
vivaran | dakshin bharat ke tamilanadu tatha keral adi rajyoan mean 'agrahar' aise gram ko kaha jata hai, jahaan ke sabhi nivasi brahman hoan. |
desh | bharat |
rajy | tamilanadu, keral adi. |
any nam | agraharam, bahut samay pahale inhean 'chaturvedimangalam' bhi kaha jata tha. |
sanbandhit lekh | dakshin bharat, agraharik, tamilanadu ki sanskriti, keral ki sanskriti |
any janakari | agraharam ke charoan taraf doosari jati ke log bhi basate the, jaise- badhee, kumhar, basod, lohar, sunar, vaidy, vyapari aur khetihar mazadoor adi, kyoanki brahmanoan ko mandir adi ke lie inaki sevaoan ki avashyakata rahati thi. |
agrahar athava 'agraharam' dakshin bharat mean us gram ko kaha jata hai, jisake nivasi poornatah brahman hoan. vibhinn jati vale gavoan ke us bhag ko bhi agrahar kahate haian, jisamean brahman rahate haian. bahut samay pahale inhean 'chaturvedimangalam' bhi kaha jata tha.
aitihasik prishthabhoomi
dilli ke sultan alauddin khilaji ke senapati malik kafoor ne 14vian sadi ke praranbh mean madurai par akraman karake is shahar par kabza kar liya tha. itihas mean sanbhavatah yahi vah samay tha, jab us aanchal ke brahman, jo agraharamoan mean raha karate the, bhayabhit ho ge aur hindoo rajyoan mean jakar sharan lene ki sochi. tamilanadu se samoohik palayan kar jin logoan ka keral ana hua tha, unhean rajashray prapt hua aur unhean shahar ya gaanv ke ek alag bhag mean basaya gaya. aisi basavat ko bhi 'agraharam' ya 'graman' kaha gaya. ek chhor par ya bich mean shiv ka mandir aur agal-bagal uttar se dakshin ki or kataroan mean bane lagabhag 100 ghar, ek-doosare se ju de hue. doosari taraf aise bhi log the, jo tamilanadoo mean hi rah ge, parantu kalaantar mean kuchh parivar keral mean apani kismat ajamane ke lie chale aye aur alag-alag gaanvoan mean basate ge. unake gharoan ko 'math' kaha jata hai. is tarah ka visthapan lagabhag 250 varsh pahale hi hua tha. ye doosare prakar ke log adhik khule vicharoan ke the, kyoanki sthaniy logoan ke ve adhik karib the, jisake karan ve sthaniy sanskriti aur paramparaoan mean saralata se rach bas ge.[1]
sangamakalin sahity mean varnan
vishuddh roop se yah brahmanoan ki hi basti hua karati thi aur isaka ullekh tisari sadi ke sangam kal ke sahity mean bhi paryapt milata hai. inhean 'chaturvedimangalam' bhi kaha gaya hai. agrahar ka tatpary hi hai "phooloan ki tarah mala mean piroye hue gharoan ki shrriankhala". ve prachin nagar niyojan ke utkrisht udaharan mane ja sakate haian. in gramoan (agraharam) mean rahane valoan ki dinacharya poori tarah vahaan ke mandir ke ird gird aur usase ju di huee hoti thi. yahaan tak ki unaki arthavyavastha bhi mandir ke dvara prabhavit hua karati thi. pratahkal sooryoday ke bahut pahale hi dinacharya praranbh ho jati thi. jaise mahilaoan aur purushoan ka talab ya bav di jakar snan karana, gharoan ke samane gobar se lipakar sada rangoli banana, bhagavan ke darshan ke lie mandir jana aur vahaan se vapas akar hi apane doosare karyoan mean lag jana.
krishi adharit arthavyavastha
agraharam ke charoan taraf doosari jati ke log bhi basate the, jaise- badhee, kumhar, basod, lohar, sunar, vaidy, vyapari aur khetihar mazadoor adi. mandir ko aur vahaan ke brahmanoan ko bhi unaki sevaoan ki avashyakata jo rahati thi. brahmanoan ke pas svayan ki krishi yogy bhoomi bhi hua karati thi ya phir ve patte par mandir se prapt karate the. mandir ki sanpatti ki dekharekh aur any kriya kalapoan ke lie paryapt karmi bhi hua karate the, jinhean nakad ya vastu (dhan/chaval) roop mean vetan diya jata tha. mandir ke prashasan ke lie ek nyas bhi hua karata tha. kul milakar mandir ko keandr mean rakhate hue ek krishi adharit arthavyavastha thi.[1]
moolatah tamilanadu ke kumbhakonam, tanjavoor tatha tirunelveli se bhayabhit brahmanoan ka palayan hua tha. b di sankhya mean ve log palakkad mean akar bas ge the aur kuchh kochchi ke raja ke sharanagat hue. tirunelveli se palayan karane valoan ne travankor mean sharan li aur bas gaye. unhean rajakary, shikshan adi ke lie upayukt samajha gaya aur lagabhag sabhi ko krishi bhoomi bhi upalabdh huee. keral akar unhoanne apane agraharam bana lie aur apani saanskritik paranparaoan ko sanjoye rakha. unake agraharam mean shiv ke mandir ke atirikt vishnu ke lie bhi doosare chhor par mandir banaye ge.
adhunikata ka prabhav
ab samay badal chuka hai. adhunikata ke chakkar mean kee gharoan ko to dakar naya roop de diya gaya hai. in gramoan ki abadi bhi ghatati ja rahi, kyoanki gharoan ke yuva rozi roti ke lie desh mean hi anyatr ya videshoan mean ja base haian aur yah prakriya jari hai. atah kee makan sthaniy logoan ne kharid lie haian. jo brahman parivar bache jue haian, unamean adhikatar vriddh hi rah gaye haian. palakkad ke asapas ab bhi bahut-se agraharam haian, jahaan utsav adi adhunikata ke agosh mean rahate hue bhi paranparagat roop mean manaye jate haian. dipavali ke bad navambar/disanbar mean ek 'tamil tyauhar' p data hai, jise 'karthikee' kahate haian. yah kuchh-kuchh bhaeedooj jaisa hai. har ghar ke samane rangoli to banati hi hai, parantu sham ko un par nana prakar ke pital ke die jalakar rakhe jate haian. yahi vah ek avasar hota hai, jab logoan ke gharoan ke bahar die jalate haian, kyoanki aisa dipavali mean bhi nahian hota.[1]
- REDIRECTsaancha:inhean bhi dekhean
|
|
|
|
|
tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh