चन्द्रगोमिन
chandragomin prasiddh bauddh vaiyakaranachary the. ye 'chaandr vyakaran' ke pravartak the. inake any nam the 'chandr' aur 'chandrachary'. inaka samay jayadity aur vaman ki 'kashika'[1] tatha bhartrihari[2] ke 'vakyapadiy' se nishchit roop mean poorvavarti hai. kashika sootr vritti mean inake anek niyamasootr bina namollekh ke grihit haian. vaky padiy mean bataya gaya hai ki pantajali ki shishy paranpara mean jo vyakaranagam nasht-bhrasht ho gaya tha, use chandracharyadi ne anek shakhaoan mean pun-pranit kiya.[3]
samay kal
chaandr vyakaran mean udghrit udaharan 'ajayadh gupto hoonanh' ke sandarbhavaishishty se soochit hai ki gupt[4] samrat ki vijayaghatana granthakar chandrachary ke jivanakal mean hi ghatit huee thi. at: samany roop se chandragomin ka samay 470 ee. ke asapas mana jata hai. inaka sarvapratham namollekh sanbhavat: 'vakyapadiy' mean hai.
granth aur bhasha
ye prasiddh bauddh vaiyakaran the. inaka nirmit granth - jo moolat: sootratmak hai parantu jisapar likhit vrittibhag bhi sanbhavat: unhian ka hai ,chaandr vyakaran hai. paninipoorvavarti alabdh chaandr vyakaran se yah bhinn hai. aisa anumit hai ki is chaandr vyakaran ki rachana chandrachary ne bauddhabhikkhuoan adi ka padhane ke liye ki thi. isamean vaidik bhasha prayog prakiya ka vyakaranaansh nahian hai. isake anek karan ho sakate haian. bauddh hone ke karan kadachith chandragominh ne brahman dharmanuyayiyoan ke dharmagranth ko unhian ka dharmik-saanskarik vanhmay samajhakar ukt bhasha ka vyakaran nirman anavashyak samajha ho. yah bhi ho sakata hai ki hajaroan varsh purani vaidik sanskrit ke bhashaprayegoan ki vyakaranavivechana ko adhik prayojan ka n samajha ho,vishesh roop se sanskrit bhashajnanarthi bauddhoan ke liye. ek karan yah bhi hai,saralibhoot vyakaranapaddhati nirman ke prati agrahavanh hone se purani aur vyavahar mean aprachalit kiantu vanhmay matr mean avashisht bhasha ka vyakaran likhana unhean abhisht n raha ho. is vyakaran granth ki rachana aisa sarvapratham mahaprayas hai jise ham paniniy ashtadhyayi ka pratisanshodhit punassanskaran kah sakate haian.
asanjnak vyakaran sanpraday
chandragominh ka doosara mahaprayas hai bhojaraj ka 'sarasvatikanthabharan' namak vyakaran granth.[5] isamean katyayan aur patanjali ke vartik aur mahabhashyiy sanpoorn sujhavoan aur sanshodhanoan ko pray: apana liya gaya hai. is vyakaran mean paninikalpit aur tadudbhavit sanjnaoan ka visheshat: 'ti', 'ghu' adi ekakshar paribhashik sanjnaoan ka bahishkar kiya gaya hai. isi karan is sanpraday ko asanjnak vyakaran bhi kahate haian. phir bhi, nishchit roop se isaka mool dhaancha ashtadhyayi (vartik aur mahabhashy) ke sarvadhar par hi nirmit hai. is vyakaran ke adhikaansh sootr ashtadhyayo ke hi haian ya ashtadhyayi sootroan ke hi roopaantar haian. roopaantarit sootroan mean kuchh aise haian jinamean shabd tak panini ke hi haian keval unaka kram badal gaya hai, jaise panini ke anekashith sarvasy evan 'adyantau takitau' sootroan ke sthan par kramash: 'shidanekal' sarvasth aur takitavarghantau haian. kalakram se prachalit navaprayogoan ke liye kuchh (lagabhag 35) nootan sootr bhi nirmit haian. isaki sootrasankhya lagabhag 3100 hai.
rachana
vyakaranaparishisht roop mean chandragominh ne unadipath, dhatupath, ganapath, liangakarika, varnasootr aur upasargavritti ki bhi rachana ki thi jinamean unadisoochi aur dhatupath ka prakashan 'chaandravyakaran' granth ke sath hi hua hai. 'varnasootr' mean paniniy shiksha ke saman sootroan mean varno ke sthan prayatn ka vivaran hai. 'chaandravyakaranasootravritti' ke atirikt dharmik granth 'shishyalekh' aur 'lokanand' natak ke nirman ka, jinaka adhik mahatv nahian hai, gaurav bhi chandrachyraa ko prapt hai. is sandarbh mean sab se ashcharyajanak bat yah hai ki bangal mean kuchh hi shatabdi poorv tak adhyayanadhyapan mean prachalit tatha vahaan ke paravarti vaiyakaranoan dvara uddhrit yah granth kashmir, nepal aur tibbat mean hi mila bangal mean nahian. da. libish[6] ne tibbat se prapt kar isaka prakashan kiya. dekan kalej, poona, se vrittisahit tatha vyakhyatmak vivriti ke sath ek or susanpadit sanskaran do khandoan mean prakashit hua hai.
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