साँची हिन्दी देवनागरी में पढ़ें।
sanchi
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| vivaran | sanchi stoop bauddh smarak hain, jo ki tisari shatabdi ee.poo. se barahavin shatabdi ke bich ke hain. |
| rajy | madhy pradesh |
| zila | rayasen |
| bhaugolik sthiti | uttar- 23° 28' 50.36"; poorv -77° 44' 10.68" |
| marg sthiti | bhopal se 46 kimi poorvottar men, tatha besanagar aur vidisha se 10 kimi ki doori par madhy pradesh ke madhy bhag men sthit hai. |
| kab jaen | aktoobar se march |
| kaise pahunchen | havaee jahaz, rel, bas adi se pahuncha ja sakata hai. |
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raja bhoj vimanatal, bhopal |
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bhopal jnkshan, habibagnj |
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aauto riksha, taiksi, mini bas |
| kya dekhen | stoop, ashok stnbh, bauddh vihar, puratatv sngrahalay |
| kahan thaharen | hotal, dharmashala, atithi grah |
| kya khariden | buddh ki dastakari moortiyan, sngamaramar patthar, lakadi adi se bane sanchi stoop |
| es.ti.di. kod | 7482 |
| e.ti.em | lagabhag sabhi |
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googal manachitr |
| bhasha | hindi aur angrezi |
| any janakari | sanchi se milane vale kee abhilekhon men is sthan ko kakanadabot nam se abhihit kiya gaya hai. |
| bahari kadiyan | sanchi |
| adyatan | 12:20, 1 janavari 2013 (IST)
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sanchi (angrezi: Sanchi) bharat ke madhy pradesh rajy ke rayasen zile men sthit ek chhota sa ganv hai. yah bhopal se 46 kimi poorvottar men tatha besanagar aur vidisha se 10 kimi ki doori par madhy-pradesh ke madhy bhag men hai. yahan bauddh smarak hain, jo ki tisari shatabdi ee.poo. se barahavin shatabdi ke bich ke hain. yah rayasen zile ki ek nagar pnchayat hai. yahin yah stoop sthit hai. is stoop ko ghere hue kee toran bhi hain. yah prem, shanti, vishvas aur sahas ka pratik hai. sanchi ka stoop, samrat ashok mahanh ne tisari shati, ee.poo. men banavaya tha. isaka kendr, ek samany arddhagolakar, eent nirmit dhancha tha, jo ki buddh ke kuchh avasheshon par bana tha. isake shikhar par ek chhatr tha, jo ki smarak ko diye gaye samman ka pratik tha.
itihas
yah prasiddh sthan, jahan ashok dvara nirmit ek mahanh stoop, jinake bhavy toranadvar tatha un par ki gee jagat prasiddh moortikari bharat ki prachin vastukala tatha moortikala ke sarvottam udaharanon men hain. bauddh ki prasiddh aishvaryashalini nagari vidisha (bhilasa) ke nikat sthit hai. jan padata hai ki bauddhakal men sanchi, mahanagari vidisha ki upanagari tatha vihar-sthali thi. sar jon marshal ke mat men[1] kalidas ne nichagiri nam se jis sthan ka varnan meghadoot men vidisha ke nikat kiya hai, vah sanchi ki pahadi hi hai. kaha jata hai ki ashok ne apani priy patni devi ke kahane par hi sanchi men yah sundar stoop banavaya tha. devi, vidisha ke ek shreshthi ki putri thi aur ashok ne us samay usase vivah kiya tha jab vah apane pita ke rajyakal men vidisha ka kumaramaty tha.
abhilekh
sanchi se milane vale kee abhilekhon men is sthan ko 'kakanadabot' nam se abhihit kiya gaya hai. inamen se pramukh 131 gupt snvat (450-51) ee. ka hai jo kumaragupt pratham ke shasanakal se snbndhit hai. isamen bauddh upasak sanasiddh ki patni upasika harisvamini dvara kakanadabot men sthit aryasngh ke nam kuchh dhan ke dan men die jane ka ullekh hai. ek any lekh ek stnbh par utkirn hai jisaka snbndh gosurasinhabal ke putr viharasvamin se hai. yah bhi guptakalin hai.
sthapana
sanchi ki sthapana bauddh dharm v usaki shiksha ke prachar-prasar men maury kal ke mahanh raja ashok ka sabase bada yogadan raha. buddh ka sndesh duniya tak pahunchane ke lie unhonne ek suniyojit yojana ke tahat kary arnbh kiya. sarvapratham unhonne bauddh dharm ko rajakiy prashray diya. unhonne purane stoopon ko khudava kar unase mile avasheshon ke 84 hazar bhag kar apane rajy sahit nikatavarti deshon men bhejakar badi snkhya men stoopon ka nirman karavaya. in stoopon ko sthayi snrachanaon men badala taki ye lnbe samay tak bane rah saken. samrat ashok ne bharat men jin sthanon par bauddh smarakon ka nirman karaya unamen sanchi bhi ek tha jise prachin nam knkenava, kakanya adi se jana jata hai. tab yah bauddh shiksha ke pramukh kendr ke roop men vikasit ho chuka tha. hven sang ke yatra vrittant men buddh ke bodh gaya se sanchi jane ka ullekh nahin milata hai. snbhav hai sanchi ki ujjayini se nikatata aur poorv se pashchim v uttar se dakshin jane vale yatra marg par hona bhi isaki sthapana ki vajahon men se raha ho.[2]
jirnoddhar
sanchi ki kirti rajapoot kal tak bani rahi kintu aurngajeb ke kal men bauddh dharm ka kendr sanchi gumanami men kho gaya. usake bad yahan charon or ghani jhadiyan v ped ug ae.19vin sadi men karnal telar yahan ae to unhen sanchi ke stoop buri halat men mile. unhonne unako khudavaya aur vyavasthit kiya. kuchh itihasakar manate hain unhonne isake andar dhan snpada ke andeshe men khudaee ki jisase isaki snrachana ko kafi nukasan hua. bad men puravid marshal ne inaka jirnoddhar karavaya. charon or ghani jhadiyon ke madhy sanchi ke sare nirman ka pata lagana aur unaka jirnoddhar karake mool akar dena behad kathin tha, kintu unhonne bakhoobi se isaki purani kirti ko kuchh had tak lautane men madad ki.[2]
visheshata
yah stoop ek oonchi pahadi par nirmit hai. isake charon or sundar parikramapath hai. balu-prastar ke bane char toran stoop ke chaturdikh sthit hain jin ke lnbe-lnbe pattakon par buddh ke jivan se snbndhit, visheshat: jatakon men varnit kathaon ka moortikari ke roop men adbhut ankan kiya gaya hai. is moortikari men prachin bharatiy jivan ke sabhi roopon ka digdarshan kiya gaya hai. manushyon ke atirikt pashu-pakshi tatha ped-paudhon ke jivnt chitr is kala ki mukhy visheshata hain. saralata, samany, aur saundary ki udbhabhavana hi sanchi ki moortikala ki preranatmak shakti hai.
sanchi ke stoop
sanchi ke stoop door se dekhane men bhale mamooli arddhagolakar snrachanaen lagati hain lekin isaki bhavyata, vishishtata v barikiyon ka pata sanchi akar dekhane par hi lagata hai. isilie desh-duniya se badi snkhya men bauddh matavalnbi, paryatak, shodharthi, adhyeta is bemisal snrachana ko dekhane chale ate hain. sanchi ke stoopon ka nirman kee kalakhndon men hua jise eesa poorv tisari sadi se barahavin sadi ke madhy men mana gaya hai. eesa poorv 483 men jab gautam buddh ne deh tyag kiya to unake sharir ke avasheshon par adhikar ke lie unake anuyayi raja apas men ladane-jhagadane lage. ant men ek bauddh snt ne samajha-bujhakar unake sharir ke avasheshon ke hisson ko unamen vitarit kar samadhan kiya. inhen lekar arnbh men ath stoopon ka nirman hua aur is prakar gautam buddh ke nirvan ke bad bauddh dharm ka prachar-prasar in stoopon ko pratik manakar hone laga.[2]
bauddh vastu shilpakala
bauddhadharm men eeshvaravadi siddhant ke sthan par shikshaon ka mahatv hai. in snrachanaon men mndir se pare stoop ek naya vichar tha. 'stoop' shabd snskrit v pali se nikala mana jata hai jisaka arth hota hai 'dher'. arnbh men kendriy bhag men tathagat[4]ke avashesh rakh usake oopar mitti patthar dalakar inako golakar akar diya gaya. inamen bahar se eeton v pattharon ki aisi chinaee ki gee taki khule men in stoopon par mausam ka koee prabhav n ho sake. stoopon men mndir ki bhanti koee garbh grih nahin hota. ashok dvara sanchi men banaya gaya stoop isase pahale ke stoopon se vishisht tha. bauddh kala ki sarvottam kritiyan sanchi men bauddh vastu shilp ki behatarin kritiyan hain jinamen 'stoop', 'toran', 'stnbh' shamil hain. inamen stoop snkhya 1 samrat ashok dvara banavaya gaya tha jisamen mahatma buddh ke avashesh rakhe ge.
qarib men yahan par do any chhote stoop bhi hain jinamen unake do shuruati shishyon ke avashesh rakhe ge hain. pahale stoop ki 'vedika' men jane ke lie charon dishaon men toran dvar ban hain. poore stoop ke bahar jahan pahale kathor lakadi hua karati thi aj pattharon ki reling hai. andar vedika hai v kuchh oonchaee tak jane ke lie 'pradakshina path' hai. stoop ke gunbad par pattharon ki vargakar reling[5] bani hai v shikhar par 'tristariy chhatr' hai. stoop ki vedika men pravesh ke lie char dishaon men char toran[6] hain. patthar se bane toranon men mahatma buddh ke jivan ki jhanki v jatak prasngon ko ukera gaya hain. yah kary itani bariki se kiya gaya hai ki mano karigaron ne kalam koonchi se unako gadha ho. is stoop ke dakshini toran ke samane ashok stnbh sthapit hai. isaka patthar as-pas kahin nahin milata hai. mana jata hai ki 50 tan vajani is stnbh ko saikadon kos door chunar se yahan lakar sthapit kiya gaya. yahan par ek mndir ke avashesh hai jise guptakal men nirmit mana gaya hai.[2]
bauddh math
sanchi ke stoopon ke samip ek bauddh math ke avashesh hain jahan bauddh bhikshuon ke avas the. yahi par patthar ka vah vishal katora hai jisase bhikshuon men ann banta jata tha. yahan par maury, shung, kushan, satavahan v guptakalin avasheshon sahit chhoti-badi kul char darjan snrachanaen hain. shung kal men sanchi men ashok dvara nirmit stoop ko vistar diya gaya jisase isaka vyas 70 phit badhakar 120 phit v oonchaee 54 phit ho gee. isake alava yahan par any stoopon ka nirman karaya. sanchi men in stoopon ka jirnoddhar lnbe samay tak chala jisamen ise advitiy banane ke lie kalpana shakti ka istemal kiya gaya. isake bad shung v kushan nareshon ne apane kal men yahan par any stoop nirmit karavae. maury, shung, kushan satavahan v guptakal tak bauddh dharm phalata phoolata raha kintu inake patan ke uparant rajakiy kripadrishti samapt hone se bauddh dharm ka avasan hone laga. lekin bad ke shasakon ne bauddh smarakon v mndiron ko yathavat rahane diya.[2]
yoonesko ki soochi men shamil
dharm v paryatan ka sngam 'sanchi' 1989 men yoonesko ki vishv virasat sthal soochi men shamil hone ke bad se isaka mahatv bahut badha. bauddh dharm ka pramukh kendr hone ke karan yahan par deshi v videshi matavalnbiyon ka jamavada laga rahata hai. sanchi ki bhavyata ko dekhane ko pratidin hajaron paryatak pahunchate hain jinamen videshi sailaniyon ki badi snkhya hoti hai. is sare parisar ke prabndhan v snrakshan ka kary bharatiy puratatv sarvekshan vibhag ke adhin hai. yahan ka puratatv sngrahalay bhi darshaniy hai. arnbh men varsh 1919 men ise stoopon ke nikat banaya gaya tha kintu jaise-jaise samagri ki prachurata hone lagi ise 1986 men sanchi ki pahadi ke adhar par ne sngrahalay bhavan men sthanantarit kar diya gaya. is sngrahalay men maury, shung, satavahan, kushan, gupt kalin prastar kala ke avashesh, moortiyan, shilalekh adi dekhane ko milate hain. sanchi ke in smarakon ki bhavyata to agantukon ko chamatkrit karati hi hai, sath men yahan ka shant vatavaran har ane vale ko mahatma buddh ke shanti ke sndesh ko samajhane men madad deta hai.[2]
kaise pahunchen
sanchi ke lie havaee jahaz, rel, bas adi ke dvara aram se prasthan kiya ja sakata hai.
- havaee jahaz dvara
nitakatam havaee adda 'raja bhoj vimanatal', bhopal men hain jisaki flait dilli, mumbee jaise shaharon se roz hain.
- rel dvara
nitakatam relave steshan bhopal jnkshan, habibagnj men hain jo desh ke sabhi bade shaharon se juda hua hai.
- bas dvara
bas dvara bhi asani se ja sakate hain. sanchi, bhopal se 46 kimi, vidisha se 10 kimi aur indaur se 232 kimi ki doori par hai.
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vithika
stoop se dikhaee deta shanadar drishy, sanchi
buddh stoop, sanchi
stoop parisar men sthit talab, sanchi
stoop ke bhitar ka drishy, sanchi
pashchimi toranadvar:drishy nirdeshika, buddh stoop, sanchi
stoop snbndhit janakari deta lekh, sanchi
sanchi smarak, sanchi
buddh stoop, sanchi
buddh stoop, sanchi
stoop ki janakari deta lekh
buddh stoop, sanchi
stoop parisar ka drishy, sanchi
stoop ka shanadar toran dvar
pravesh dvar, buddh stoop, sanchi
poorvi toranadvar:drishy nirdeshika, buddh stoop, sanchi
toranadvar ke samane ka drishy, buddh stoop, sanchi
dakshini toranadvar:drishy nirdeshika, buddh stoop, sanchi
shilapatt, buddh stoop, sanchi
sanchi smarak, sanchi
buddh stoop, sanchi
stoop ka shanadar toran dvar
sanchi
sanchi
sanchi
sanchi smarak, sanchi
sanchi smarak, sanchi
buddh stoop, sanchi
tika tippani aur sndarbh
- ↑ e gaid tu sanchi
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 bauddh kala ki bemisal kritiyan (hindi) Moomal Yatra. abhigaman tithi: 1 janavari, 2013.
- ↑ shung kal, dvitiy shati ee.poo.
- ↑ mahatma buddh
- ↑ harmika
- ↑ dvar